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Biomedical subjects

Y Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to Y Inoue.

At least 1,549 records · Page 86Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Defective protein phosphorylation associated with hypofunctions in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat platelets.

The mechanism of platelet dysfunctions in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) was investigated. Platelet aggregation was inversely correlated with blood pressure or heart weight/body weight ratios in various strains of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), indicating genetic defects. Thrombin-induced 47 kDa protein phosphorylation was markedly reduced in platelets of SHRSP compared with that in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat platelets, accompanying reduced aggregation and secretion, but in 20 kDa protein phosphorylation was unchanged. Ca2+ ionophore A23187-induced responses were also significantly decreased in SHRSP, and the degrees of the changes were greater than those by thrombin. However, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate-induced responses in SHRSP were similar to those in WKY rats, suggesting that protein kinase C activity and its substrate were normally present in SHRSP platelets. Phosphatidylinositol content in platelets of SHRSP was 20% less than that in WKY rat platelets, but the contents of other phospholipids, including phosphatidylinositol-4-monophosphate and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphates, were unaltered. Thrombin-induced formation of diacylglycerols and phosphatidic acid did not differ from each other at the low concentrations. In the absence of Ca2+, thrombin-induced responses occurred to a similar degree in both platelets, whereas the enhancements by Ca2+ were much greater in WKY rats than in SHRSP. These results suggested that defective Ca2+ functions in receptor-mediated activation of protein kinase C and postkinase-mediated events appear to be an underlying mechanism for the hypofunctions in SHRSP platelets.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Degradation of 125I-glucagon, -pancreatic polypeptide and -insulin by acid saline extract of rat submaxillary gland and their protection by proteinase inhibitors.

The acid saline extract (ASE) of rat submaxillary gland exerts a powerful degrading effect on 125I-glucagon. In order to study the degradation of other 125I-peptides by ASE and the effects of their inhibitors, 125I-pancreatic polypeptide (PP) and 125I-insulin were used together with 125I-glucagon. The degradation studies were done by the trichloroacetic acid (TCA) method or gel filtration. Besides 125I-glucagon, 125I-PP was found to be destroyed by ASE in the ordinary immunoassay system using the TCA method, but 125I-insulin was intact in the presence of ASE. Leupeptin, and to a lesser extent p-chloromercuriphenyl-sulfonic acid (PCMS) and N-ethylmaleimide, inhibited the destruction of 125I-glucagon or -PP under the TCA method. PCMS was especially protective at high concentrations, for example 16 mM. These findings were confirmed by gel filtration of the assay mixture. In the presence of leupeptin (0.4 mM) and PCMS (16 mM), no shift in the peak of labelled glucagon or PP occurred. Thus ASE degrades not only 125I-glucagon but -PP, and thiol proteinase inhibitors have a strong inhibitory action on them.

4-Chloromercuribenzenesulfonate↗
PubMed1989

Contents and secretion of glucagon and insulin in rat pancreatic islets from the viewpoint of their localization in pancreas.

Regional difference in secretion of glucagon and insulin from the rat pancreatic islets and their contents in pancreatic tissue and islets were studied. The glucagon content in the normal rat pancreas was the highest at the splenic part followed in order by the gastric, choledochal and duodenal parts. The effect of alloxan on the glucagon content was stronger in the dorsal lobe (combined gastric and splenic parts) than in the ventral lobe (combined duodenal and choledochal parts), and more increase of glucagon was found. The size of pancreatic islets was similar between the dorsal and the ventral lobe. The glucagon content in the islets was significantly higher in the dorsal lobe than in the ventral lobe, but the insulin content in the islets was similar in both lobes. The release of insulin from cultured pancreatic islets from the dorsal lobe was similar to that from the ventral lobe, but the release of glucagon was significantly high from the cultured islets of the former in the presence of glucose or arginine compared with that from the latter. Also in isolated pancreatic islets the release of glucagon was significantly more marked in the islets from the dorsal lobe by arginine administration. These findings show that the islets from the dorsal lobe secrete and contain more glucagon than those from the ventral lobe in contrast to there being a similar amount of release of insulin between them.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The effect of ofloxacin on experimental periodontitis in hamsters infected with Actinomyces viscosus ATCC 15987.

Syrian hamsters were infected with Actinomyces viscosus ATCC 15987 by inoculation into the oral cavity to induce experimental periodontitis. The effect of an antibiotic, ofloxacin (OFLX), on the experimental periodontitis was examined. In Group A, OFLX gel was applied daily to the gingival mucosa, 2 weeks after bacterial inoculation. Groups B and C were an infected control and a noninfected control, respectively. The hamsters in these three groups were fed a powdered high-sucrose diet. The hamsters in Group D, also a noninfected group, were fed an ordinary solid diet. Salivary occult blood test, evaluation of gingival and plaque index, measurement of alveolar bone loss, bacterial examination, and histological observation were performed 11 weeks after infection. Group B exhibited significantly higher levels of gingival index, plaque index, and alveolar bone loss than the noninfected controls. Severe inflammation of the gingivae, formation of gingival pockets, migration of many inflammatory cells, and obvious bone loss were also observed in Group B. However, these inflammatory changes were milder in Group A, which was treated with OFLX.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1989

Clivus and apicopetroclivus meningiomas--report of 24 cases.

The authors describe the clinical and radiological features, surgical procedures, and outcome of 18 cases of clivus meningiomas and six of apicopetroclivus meningiomas. There were 17 females and seven males, ranging in age from 26 to 69 years, with a mean age of 47 years. All except one showed cranial nerve deficits. Computed tomography accurately demonstrated tumor size and location. Cerebral angiography showed characteristic displacement of the basilar artery and its tributaries, with blood supply to the tumor largely via the meningohypophyseal trunk. Magnetic resonance imaging was excellent in delineating the relationship of the tumor to the brainstem and major vasculature. The surgical approaches used were transpetrosal-transtentorial (n = 9), combined transpetrosal-transtentorial-transzygomatic preauricular transpetrosal (n = 9), suboccipital-subtemporal (n = 2), suboccipital (n = 1), frontotemporal (first stage operation) followed by suboccipital (second stage operation) (n = 1), suboccipital-transpetrosal (n = 1), and orbitozygomatic-infratemporal preauricular transpetrosal (n = 1). Seventeen tumors were totally removed and seven subtotally. The operative mortality was 8% (two patients). Twenty patients developed new cranial nerve deficits within 1 month of surgery. The average follow-up period was 5 years, and the outcome was good or excellent in 12 cases. Transpetrosal approaches proved relatively safe and effective for radical tumor removal and, in two cases, permitted preservation of useful hearing.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Adaptation of acrylic resin dentures polymerized using various activation modes].

The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the dimensional accuracy of maxillary dentures made using a conventional heat-activated PMMA resin, a pour resin, a visible light-activated resin, and a microwave-activated acrylic resin. Two simple methods for measuring dimensional accuracy were used: (1) weight of impression material entrapped between the base and master die and (2) measurement of the posterior border gap at five locations. The volume of space between the denture base and the master die was determined by (1) computation and (2) estimation. Statistical analysis (Bartlett, ANOVA and Tukey's Tests) supported the following conclusions: (1) all groups showed a processing contraction, most apparent from buccal flange to buccal flange, (2) the poorest fitting group was processed in a brass flask and a water bath at a temperature which rose from 70 to 100 degrees C, using a heat activated resin (Acron), (3) the visible light activated resin (Triad) produced dentures of intermediate accuracy, as did Acupac 20 when either heat or microwave activated, (4) the two best fitting groups were prepared from a chemically activated resin system using pressure at low heat (PER form), and the resin developed for microwave activation (Acron MC).

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1989

[Study of strengthening and stress distribution of porcelain jacket crowns constructed with twin foil technique. 2nd report].

McLean and Sced have reported (J Dent Res, 56: 1067-1069, 1977) a procedure for a reinforcement of the porcelain jacket crown, which improved the resistance to a fracture as a result of inhibiting the propagation of cracks into brittle materials, so called the twin foil technique. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical application of this technique. The FEM analysis revealed that the same magnitude of surface tensile stress and no difference of the stress pattern were observed between porcelain jacket crowns constructed with a conventional and the twin foil technique. As the internal tensile stress concentrated in a platinum matrix of the twin foil technique, the stress distribution in a core layer reduced to about 20-35% compared to that of the conventional technique. This is explained by the mechanical and chemical bonds between a platinum matrix and a core porcelain and also by extreme high young's ratio of platinum. We can assume the similar finding from the fractography of the conventional porcelain jacket crown. But contrary above results, no significant differences of the strength were observed in both the presence and the absence of a platinum matrix in the fracture test. From the fact describe above, we may conclude that the tin coated platinum matrix contributes slightly to the strengthening of the porcelain jacket crown.

Crowns↗
PubMed1989

[Biomechanical study on orthodontic tooth movement: changes in biomechanical property of the periodontal tissue in terms of tooth mobility].

The magnitude of tooth mobility has been frequently used for evaluating biomechanical response of the periodontal tissue to applied forces. However, tooth mobility during orthodontic tooth movement has not been measured. The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in biomechanical property of the periodontal tissue during canine retraction, in terms of tooth mobility. The upper canines on both sides of ten orthodontic patients were moved in the distal direction for about four weeks with an initial force of 200 gf. An amount of tooth movement and a magnitude of tooth mobility were measured every 3 or 4 days during retraction. A distally directed force up to 500 gf was continuously applied to each canine and tooth mobility was measured with a noncontact type of eddy current displacement sensor. A two-dimensional finite element model was constructed and displacements of the finite element model were calculated with various Young's moduli in loading with a 100 gf force in the distal direction. In comparison with the magnitudes of the tooth mobility, Young's modulus of the periodontal membrane before retraction and the influence of the biomechanical factors on changes in tooth mobility were investigated. The tooth movement curve was divided into three phases; an initial phase, a lag phase and a post-lag phase. The magnitudes of tooth mobility at the initial phase were significantly larger than those before retraction within the range of 250 gf to 500 gf and these magnitudes decreased during the lag phase. The magnitudes of tooth mobility at the post-lag phase significantly increased, within the range of 50 gf to 500 gf, than those before retraction. As a result of curveliniar regression analysis, the tooth mobility curves approximated to delta = AFB, where delta and F denote tooth mobility and force respectively. The coefficients A and B changed according to the phases of tooth movement. An inclination of the tooth mobility curve expressed by a tangent at the 400 gf force was the largest at the initial phase, and this inclination at the 100 gf force was the largest at the post-lag phase. Young's modulus of the periodontal membrane before retraction was determined to be approximately 35 gf/mm2 and Young's modulus of the periodontal membrane was the most important factor on the increase of tooth mobility. Tooth mobility significantly varied associated with tooth movement. It was indicated that biomechanical property of the periodontal tissue changes in response to each phase of tooth movement. In particular, Young's modulus of the periodontal membrane decreased at the post-lag phase of the orthodontic tooth movement.

Cuspid↗
PubMed1989

[Biomechanical study on orthodontic tooth movement by means of numerical simulation. Effects of principal stresses in periodontal membrane].

The effect of biomechanical factors on tooth movement has not been clarified in a quantitative manner. This study was designed to investigate the stresses affecting tooth movement, using a numerical simulation. The influence of decrease in Young's modulus of the periodontal membrane on canine retraction was also examined through the simulation. A two-dimensional finite element model was constructed based on the average anatomic morphology of Japanese canine. A numerical simulation program based on the finite element method was developed for the orthodontic tooth movement. The stresses in the periodontal membrane were evaluated. The principal stress of which absolute is larger was selected as a reference stress. Each nodal point at the alveolar bone-periodontal membrane interface was repositioned in the direction of reference stresses, in response to discrepancy between assumed thresholds and the reference stresses. Moment to force (M/F) ratios at the bracket position of this model were examined for evaluating force conditions. Simulation of tooth movement were executed under three force conditions with different M/F ratios for distal movements and two force conditions for vertical movements. Three types of canine retraction, tipping movement, bodily movement and root movement, were displayed with the numerical simulation. Extrusion and intrusion were also displayed. Analytic movements of the canine were close to the actual tooth movements that have been reported, utilizing the principal stresses with the thresholds of the maximum and minimum principal stresses being about +0.4 gf/mm2 and -0.4 gf/mm2. The decrease in the Young's modulus of the periodontal membrane changed bodily movement to tipping movement under the same force conditions. These results indicate that the value and the direction of the principal stress in the periodontal membrane are key determinants of tooth movement and this numerical simulation is useful for investigating the influence of the biomechanical factors on tooth movement.

Dental Stress Analysis↗
PubMed1989

[Effects of prophylactic intraportal chemotherapy on liver function, blood profile and survival in patients with colo-rectal cancer].

Postoperative intraportal anti-cancer chemotherapy was used for 51 patients with curatively resected colorectal cancer who were selected in the randomized controlled study to evaluate its inhibitory effect on liver metastasis from colo-rectal cancer. In cases of intraportal chemotherapy, 30 mg of Mitomycin-C (in 3 doses) and 5 mg/kg (B.W.)/day (1985-1986) or 3 mg/kg/day (1987-1988) of 5-FU was injected through the catheter inserted into the portal vein during postoperative 14 days. In cases of the control group (58 patients), the same doses of the drugs were injected into the peripheral vein during the same term. Six patients with recurrences were observed in the intraportal chemotherapy group, and 3 of them had liver metastases. In the control group, more liver metastases were observed (5 of 7 recurrences were liver metastases). Intraportally injected 5 mg/kg/day of 5-FU slightly disturbed the liver function. The averages of the serum GOT, GPT and gamma-GTP level of these cases were higher than those of the control cases. Three mg/kg/day of intraportally injected 5-FU had no influence on the liver function. There were no differences in the incidence of leukocytopenia or thrombocytopenia between the two groups.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Efficacy of UFT in advanced gastric carcinoma under comparative study of MMC + UFT and MMC + tegafur therapies].

Antitumor effect of MMC + UFT(A) and MMC + tegafur(B) therapies for advanced gastric carcinoma was compared from February 1985 to March 1988. UFT and tegafur were orally given at dose of 400 mg/m2 daily, and MMC was intravenously administered at dose of 6-8 mg/m2 every two weeks. The following results were obtained. 1. Twenty-nine cases entered in this study were divided into A or B therapies at random. All cases entered were eligible. Fourteen of 29 cases were randomized into A therapy and 15 cases into B therapy. One case treated with B was evaluated as incomplete. 2. There were no differences in the characteristics of patients between A and B therapies. 3. Among 29 eligible cases, a partial response was obtained in 3 out of 14 cases (21.4%) treated with A and in 3 out of 15 cases (20.0%) treated with B. Among 28 cases evaluated completely, a partial response was obtained in 3 out of 14 cases (21.4%) treated with each A and B. 4. Response rate with every ps or for every lesion did not differ between A and B therapies. 5. Median survival day treated with A and B therapies was 223 and 181 days, respectively. The survival curve did not differ significantly between the two therapies. 6. The frequency of adverse reactions within eight weeks after beginning the therapy was 64.2 and 73.3% with A and B therapies, respectively. From the results mentioned, it was concluded that the antitumor effect of UFT was not superior to that of tegafur for advanced gastric carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

A case of simultaneous bilateral herpetic epithelial keratitis.

The patient, a 56-year-old man, presented with dendritic keratitis in the right eye and geographic keratitis in the left, with decreased corneal sensation in both eyes. The virus isolated from both eyes was identified as herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) by the indirect immunofluorescent method using anti-HSV-1 monoclonal antibody. Antibody tests of paired sera suggested that the epithelial lesions were not primary but recurrent. No significant difference was observed in DNA cleavage patterns between the virus isolates obtained bilaterally.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1989

Comparative efficacy of three antiviral drugs in mice herpetic keratitis.

The antiherpetic effects of 9-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxymethyl)guanine (DHPG) in vitro and in vivo were investigated in comparison with those of acyclovir (ACV) and 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine (IDU). ACV was found to be consistently superior to the other two agents in antiviral activity against all ocular isolates in vitro. In vivo tests in mice, in contrast, showed DHPG in ointment form to be more effective than ACV in treating herpetic keratitis. It was noted that even 0.03% DHPG ointment was as efficacious as 0.3% ACV ointment. Other studies using the same keratitis model also demonstrated that DHPG eyedrop solution is far more effective than IDU eyedrop solution. These results indicate that DHPG can be a useful antiviral agent in the treatment of herpetic keratitis.

Acyclovir↗
PubMed1989

[Acute autonomic and sensory neuropathy associated with galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome and intractable anorexia].

Acute autonomic and sensory neuropathy (AASN), one subtype of acute pandysautonomia, in which dorsal root ganglia and autonomic ganglia are involved is uncommon. Little is so far known on central nervous system involvement in AASN. In the present paper we described a rare case of AASN associated with the central nervous system manifestations such as galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome and intractable anorexia. A 30-year-old woman rapidly developed burning pain and numbness in her arms and legs as well as orthostatic syncope. She had severe anorexia and no no menstruation from onset. On physical examination, she was emaciated. There was marked orthostatic hypotension with tachycardia. Skin was dry. Moderate galactorrhea was detected. Neurological examination showed prominent paresthesia and dullness of superficial sensation, predominantly to pinprick and thermal stimuli, segmentally over the neck, occipital scalp, and extremities. Deep sensation was intact. She had no weakness or ataxia. Deep tendon reflexes were almost normal. NCV and SEP were normal, while EEG was abnormal. Sural nerve biopsy demonstrated axonal degeneration with the loss of myelinated, predominantly in small-caliber fibers, and unmyelinated fibers. The levels of HVA and MHPG in CSF were decreased. The autonomic nervous function tests revealed postganglionic dysfunction. alpha-adrenergic system was predominantly impaired, while beta-adrenergic system was relatively preserved. The endocrinological studies demonstrated mild or moderate elevation of PRL basal value and hyper-response of PRL and LH for TRH and LH-RH loading test, which suggested disorder of the hypothalamo-hypophysial system. Cranial MRI showed moderate dilatation of the 3rd ventricle.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Subacute sensory neuropathy manifestated by tonic pupils associated with small cell carcinoma of the lung].

Only a few cases of carcinomatous neuropathy with tonic pupils have been reported. In the present paper we described a 53-year-old woman with subacute sensory neuropathy who had presented with bilateral tonic pupils. She noticed numbness over the medial aspect of the left thigh in March, 1988, and then developed dysesthesia over the left forearm and hand, mild weakness of left upper and lower extremities and urinary disturbance. Neurological symptoms were subacutely progressive and she was bed-ridden in May. She was admitted to our hospital in June, 1988. On examination, she had body-weight loss of 6 kg during the last six months and general status was otherwise unremarkable. She had anisocoria; the left pupil was larger in daylight than the right, while smaller in dim light. The left pupil scarcely reacted to light, but promptly constricted to near vision. The right pupil constricted normally to light and near vision. An instillation of 0.0625% pilocarpine solution showed supersensitive response of both pupils. An instillation of 1.25% epinephrine solution demonstrated mild dilation of both pupils. Thus, it was conceivable that she had postganglionic ciliary nerve damage characteristic of tonic pupil as well as the lesion of sympathetic nerve innervating pupillary dilator. She had severe sensory ataxia and pseudoathetosis of the hands. Weakness was mild to moderate in extremities. Almost all deep tendon reflexes were absent. All modalities of sensation, particularly on deep sense, were severely involved with sea-level-type distribution below Th7, and over C2 to C3 regions on the left side.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical features and treatment of lower intestinal hemorrhage].

We have experienced 471 patients with anal bleeding during the past seven years. The Results are as follows: 1. As for the types of disease, incidence of hemorrhoid, colorectal cancer and ulcerative colitis (UC) was high, while that of small intestinal problems was low. 2. In the cases of remarkable bleeding from the lower intestinal tract, massive or acute progressive bleeding was less frequent than expected. 3. Inflammatory diseases were the main causes of massive bleeding. Bleeding by UC was the major indication for urgent operation. In the cases with acute massive hemorrhage, basic complications were often found and the possibility of the diseases of small intestine and blood vessel disorders also should be considered. 4. At the examination of bleeding patients, it is efficient to explore the lower colon and rectum first by colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy, for most of the bleeding lesions are found in these portions. 5. As for surgical treatment, most of colorectal cancer patients with hemorrhage are able to be operated with wait- and -see management. For UC patients, complete cure operation is possible even if they have high-dose steroid medication.

Adult↗