A case of multiple myeloma with nuclear hypersegmentation after MP/VAD/VCAP-IFN therapies with a good prognosis.
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Aged↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Inoue
Publications and source records attributed to Y Inoue.
KL-6, a mucin-like glycoprotein, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with interstitial lung disease.
KL-6, a mucin-like high-molecular-weight glycoprotein, is a serum marker indicating the disease activity of pneumonitis, such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), hypersensitivity pneumonitis, and sarcoidosis. Immunohistochemical studies have shown that KL-6 is strongly expressed on Type 2 pneumocytes and also exists on epithelial cells in other organs. It has not been clarified whether the increased levels of KL-6 in sera from patients with pneumonitis are derived from the lower respiratory tract. In this study, KL-6 levels were evaluated in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from 9 healthy control subjects and 32 patients with interstitial pneumonitis. An abnormally high level of KL-6 in BALF was observed in 70% (7 of 10) of patients with IPF, 64% (9 of 14) of patients with sarcoidosis, and 100% (8 of 8) of patients with hypersensitivity pneumonitis but in none of the healthy control subjects. KL-6 levels in BALF were significantly correlated with numbers of total cells (p < 0.001), lymphocytes (p < 0.001), and neutrophils (p < 0.05) and with concentrations of albumin (p < 0.001) and total protein (p < 0.001) in BALF and, further, with serum KL-6 levels (p < 0.01). These results indicate that increased levels of serum KL-6 in patients with pneumonitis reflect the production levels of KL-6 derived from damaged or regenerating Type 2 pneumocytes in the lower respiratory tract.
Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
Tumor necrosis factor stimulates amino acid transport in plasma membrane vesicles from rat liver.
Severe infection is characterized by a translocation of amino acids from the periphery to the liver, an event that is mediated in part by cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF). We investigated the activities of Na(+)-dependent transport systems A, ASC, and N in hepatic plasma membrane vesicles (HPMVs) prepared from rats treated with TNF in vivo. TNF did not alter sodium uptake but resulted in time- and dose-dependent fivefold and 50% maximal increases in system A and system N activity, respectively, in HPMVs secondary to an increase in the transport Vmax. Maximal increases in transport were observed 4 h after exposure to TNF and had returned to basal levels within 24 h. Similarly, system ASC activity was stimulated 80% in HPMVs from rats treated with TNF. Incubation of HPMVs from normal rats in vitro with TNF did not alter transport activity. Pretreatment of animals with the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU 38486 attenuated the TNF-induced enhancement in transport activity by 50%. The marked increase in Na(+)-dependent amino acid transport activity by TNF is mediated in part by the glucocorticoid hormones and represents an important mechanism underlying the accelerated hepatic amino acid uptake that occurs during critical illness.
Amino Acids↗
The novel compound NO-1886 increases lipoprotein lipase activity with resulting elevation of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and long-term administration inhibits atherogenesis in the coronary arteries of rats with experimental atherosclerosis.
We have discovered a novel compound, NO-1886, which possesses a powerful lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity-increasing action. Administration of NO-1886 increased LPL activity in the postheparin plasma, adipose tissue, and myocardium of rats, and produced a reduction in plasma triglyceride levels with concomitant elevation of HDL cholesterol levels. Administration of NO-1886 increased LPL enzyme mass in postheparin plasma and mRNA activity in epididymal adipose tissue, and it was concluded that the mode of action of this compound is stimulation of tissue LPL synthesis. We also conducted long-term studies to assess the impact of increases in LPL activity and HDL levels on the development of atherosclerotic lesions in rats. Administration of NO-1886 for as long as 90 d significantly decreased the degree of atherosclerotic changes in the coronary arteries of vitamin D2-treated, cholesterol-fed rats. Statistical analysis indicated that increased concentration of HDL is the factor contributing mostly to the prevention of coronary artery sclerosis. In summary, the results of our study indicate that compound NO-1886 increases LPL activity, causing an elevation in HDL levels, and that long-term administration of NO-1886 to rats with experimental atherosclerosis provides significant protection against the development of coronary artery lesions.
Adipose Tissue↗
Saussureamines A, B, C, D, and E, new anti-ulcer principles from Chinese Saussureae Radix.
Five new amino acid-sesquiterpene adducts, saussureamines A, B, C, D, and E, were isolated from Chinese Saussureae Radix, the dried root of Saussurea lappa CLARKE, together with a new lignan glycoside, (-)-massoniresinol 4"-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside. Their structures were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Among of these compounds, saussureamines A, B, C showed anti-ulcer effect on HCl/ethanol-induced lesions in rats, and saussureamine A also exhibited a inhibitory activity on stress-induced ulcer formation in mice. During the course of these studies, facile conversion from sesquiterpene having an alpha-methylene gamma-lactone function to amino acid-sesquiterpene adduct has been accomplished by means of Michael type addition reaction.
Animals↗
[Anxiolytic activities of pentanthrene type heterocyclic compounds].
A series of pentanthrene type heterocyclic compounds were synthesized and evaluated for anxiolytic activities by three kinds of behavioral pharmacological tests. Several compounds showed anxiolytic activities. In particular, s-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazine (Tri-P) and 3-propyl derivatives of Tri-P(PTP) showed remarkable activities, although the activities were slightly lower than those of diazepam. The results suggested that Tri-P or PTP is a useful lead compound for the development of the antianxietic agents. The relationship between the structure and anxiolytic activity, and the inducing mechanism of the activity was discussed.
Animals↗
An ultrastructural study of cutaneous hemangioma in two chickens.
Cutaneous hemangioma in two laying hens was examined by light and electron microscopy. In close association with capillary and cavernous hemangioma there was a solid cell mass. Ultrastructurally, the cell mass consisted of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells and had an alveolar structure. There were transitional cell types from the alveolar structure to the capillary and cavernous hemangiomas. Hemangiomatous structure may develop from the undifferentiated mesenchymal cells in the solid cell mass.
Animals↗
Expandable metallic stents applied to benign bronchostenosis.
Tandem Gianturco expandable metallic stents (GEMSs) with barbs were inserted to dilate the left main bronchus of a 38-year-old man who had developed left bronchostenosis due to bronchial tuberculosis. Through the use of these GEMSs, ventilation in the left lung remarkably improved; however, the central airway resistance was found to be greater than that exhibited by the normal side and the mucociliary transport function was reduced.
Adult↗
Acetaminophen-induced eosinophilic pneumonia.
We present the first case (to our knowledge) of acetaminophen-induced eosinophilic pneumonia. Although the patient had taken an acetaminophen-containing combination drug, Kinuya-chinnetsu, for only three days, the abnormal shadow on his chest radiograph continued for about a month. Lymphocyte stimulation tests showed that both Kinuya-chinnetsu and acetaminophen induced the proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes.
Acetaminophen↗
Evaluation of the pharyngeal airway in patients with sleep apnea: value of ultrafast MR imaging.
OBJECTIVE: Sleep apnea is often caused by obstruction of the pharyngeal airway. The goal of this study was to use ultrafast MR imaging to examine the pharyngeal airway in patients with sleep apnea and to evaluate the usefulness of this technique for localizing the site of obstruction. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifteen patients with sleep apnea and five healthy volunteers underwent ultrafast MR imaging while awake and during sleep induced with hydroxyzine hydrochloride. Sequential midline sagittal images of the pharynx were obtained and displayed in the cine mode. RESULTS: Patients with sleep apnea were found to have sites of pharyngeal abnormality that were not present in healthy volunteers. Nine sites of narrowing in seven patients (47%) were detected with the patient awake; 21 sites of obstruction in 13 patients (87%) were diagnosed with the patient asleep. Six patients showed only one obstruction, and seven had several obstructions: five had obstructions at the velum palatinum and at the oropharynx; one had obstructions at the velum palatinum, oropharynx, and hypopharynx; one had obstructions at the velum palatinum and the hypopharynx. The sites of narrowing during wakefulness and the sites of obstruction during sleep were the same in only four (31%) of the patients with pharyngeal airway obstruction. CONCLUSION: Ultrafast MR imaging is useful for localizing the sites of pharyngeal airway obstruction in patients with sleep apnea.
Adolescent↗
[A case of diffuse panbronchiolitis associated with tracheomalacia].
A 71-year-old male had suffered from cough with purulent sputum. He was admitted to our hospital because of worsening of his symptoms. The chest X-ray film showed diffuse nodular shadows and emphysematous changes in both lung fields. Transbronchial lung biopsy demonstrated findings compatible with diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB). Bronchoscopy showed the tracheal lumen was sagittaly narrowed and membranous portion was protruded into the lumen. The trachea completely collapsed when coughing. His disease was diagnosed as saber-sheath type tracheomalacia (Johnson III). Tracheomalacia was reported to be observed in 0.9% of patients examined by bronchoscopy. The dominant type of tracheomalacia is crescent type, and saber-sheath type is rare. Chronic airway inflammation with DPB might have exacerbated the tracheomalacia in this case.
Aged↗
[Immunohistochemical investigation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in bladder cancer].
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded bladder cancer section was identified by immunohistochemistry in 42 bladder cancer patients. In 29 (69%) patients, the cancer cells showed a strong immunoreactivity for PCNA. An increase in the labeling index for PCNA (PCNA-LI) was significantly correlated with a higher clinical stage (p < 0.05) and pathological grade (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant correlation between PCNA-LI and the recurrence rate of superficial bladder cancer. The relationship between changes of PCNA-LI after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and prognosis was investigated in 20 patients with invasive bladder cancer. Patients with a decreased PCNA-LI after chemoradiotherapy had a better prognosis than those with a stable or increased PCNA-LI. The 5-year cause-specific survival rate of the patients with a decreased PCNA-LI after treatment was 86%, while that with a stable or increased PCNA-LI was 30% (p < 0.01). This finding suggests that changes of PCNA-LI could be a new parameter for the histological evaluation of chemoradiotherapy.
Aged↗
Antitumor effects of angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470 in rabbits bearing VX-2 carcinoma by arterial administration of microspheres and oil solution.
The antitumor activities of an angiogenesis inhibitor, (3R,4S,5S,6R)-5- methoxy-4-[(2R,3R)-2-methyl-3-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-oxiranyl]-1- oxaspiro[2,5]oct-6-yl(chloroacetyl) carbamate (TNP-470), administered s.c., i.v. and intra-arterially using a chemoembolization technique, were examined in rabbits bearing VX-2 carcinoma. Repeated s.c. injection of TNP-470 aqueous solution clearly inhibited the tumor growth in proportion to the dose, and improved efficacy was obtained with once a week s.c. administration of microspheres, which provide sustained release of TNP-470. Moreover, the injection of the TNP-470 microspheres into the predominant artery of the tumor via a catheter, chemoembolization, resulted in dramatic regression of the tumor. This antitumor effect was enhanced by coadministration of doxorubicin hydrochloride aqueous solution. Arterial administration of TNP-470 oil solution provided more persistent tumor growth inhibition due to the prolonged release and targeting of the angiogenesis inhibitor to the tumor.
Animals↗
[Postictal aphasia and its generating mechanism in 3 patients with localization-related epilepsy].
Semiology of postictal aphasia as well as its generating mechanism involving both the epileptogenic zone and language area has not yet been sufficiently elucidated. Therefore, postictal aphasias were studied in 3 patients with localization-related epilepsy. Postictal motor aphasia was observed in a patient (patient 1) with frontal lobe epilepsy whose recovery of language function progressed from loss of language function, to Broca's aphasia, and eventually to poor spontaneous speech. Postictal sensory aphasia was observed in 2 patients (patient 2 and 3) with temporal lobe epilepsy whose recovery of language function progressed from loss of language function, to jargon, and eventually to circumlocutory anomic speech. Both patient 2 and 3 did not show fluent speech. Seizure manifestations, EEG, IMP-SPECT and MRI indicated that epileptogenic zones were in the left frontal lobe including Broca's area in patient 1, the mesial part of the left temporal lobe in patient 2, and the middle and posterior part of the left temporal lobe including Wernicke's area in patient 3. A postictal verbal dichotic listening test showed the reduction of correct responses by right ear in the patient 3. Postictal auditory verbal learning tests showed the impairment of verbal memorization in patient 2 and 3. The impairment of verbal memorization was particularly marked in patient 2. These results suggest that 1) the characteristics of postictal motor and sensory aphasia are clearly elucidated by analyzing the sequence of recovery from postictal language dysfunction, 2) postictal aphasia is generated by the epileptogenic zone involving the language area or the ictal discharges propagating to the language area, and 3) not only the disturbance of language function, but also the impairment of verbal memorization seems to participate in the disturbance of repeating and understanding sentences in the patient with postictal sensory aphasia.
Adult↗
Cerebral vasodilatory capacity mapping using technetium-99m-DTPA-HSA SPECT and acetazolamide in moyamoya disease.
A cerebral vasodilatory capacity map, consisting of a 99mTc-DTPA-HSA SPECT image obtained after acetazolamide injection minus the baseline image, was produced in a patient with moyamoya disease. The map demonstrated diminished capacity in the posterior region of the right cerebral hemisphere. Subsequently, cerebral infarction occurred in the corresponding area. This observation suggests that regions of low vasodilatory capacity identified by cerebral vasodilatory capacity mapping may be at high risk of ischemic stroke.
Acetazolamide↗
[Cervical epidural morphine and buprenorphine for postoperative pain relief after thoracic surgery--a comparative study in the same patients].
The effects of cervical epidural morphine and buprenorphine on postoperative pain were studied in 12 patients who received thoracic surgery twice. The patients who had received morphine 3 mg on the first operation were given buprenorphine 0.15 mg on the second operation, and the others received them vice versa. Morphine or buprenorphine was administered with 6 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine before skin incision. The duration of pain relief with morphine was longer (21.5 +/- 4.0 h) than with buprenorphine (13.9 +/- 7.8 h). The result of the questionnaires to the patients after operation shows that 10 patients (84%) were satisfied with morphine whereas only 6 patients (50%) were satisfied with buprenorphine. Seven patients preferred morphine to buprenorphine for postoperative analgesia, and the rest of the patients stated that analgesic effects were similar between the two. It seems that epidural morphine 3 mg may give more excellent postoperative pain relief after the thoracic surgery than epidural buprenorphine 0.15 mg.
Aged↗
[Subacute subdural hematoma--reexamination of mechanism by CT and MRI findings].
We have already reported about the importance of establishing the concept of subacute subdural hematoma. But the mechanism by which this disease develops has not as yet been elucidated fully. In one case of subacute subdural hematoma, we were able to perform CT and MRI over time and obtained findings which were of use in studying the mechanism of development. The case was a 56-year-old male. He developed with seizure. CT on admission revealed acute subdural hematoma and subarachnoid hemorrhage. But neurological deficits were absent. So he was treated conservatively. On the 16th hospital day there appeared seizure, anisocoria and an increase in the mass sign due to subdural hematoma was noted on CT, so a diagnosis of subacute subdural hematoma was made. Cerebrospinal fluid was considered accountable for the increase in the mass sign judging from the findings of CT and MRI each performed over time. It was surmised that subdural effusion developed concurrently in the subacute stage. Three conditions, namely, presence of (1) arachnoid tear, (2) clots, (3) no intracranial hypertension are considered important as the mechanism by which subacute subdural hematoma develops.
Acute Disease↗