Biomedical subjects

Y Inoue

Publications and source records attributed to Y Inoue.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources

PubMed1995

[Yearly changes of isolated organisms from the respiratory tract in Hokusho Central Hospital].

Isolated organisms from the respiratory tract have been studied in our hospital from 1986 to 1993. The total number of samples were 18,345 and samples which showed 10(5) cfu/ml organisms were 8648 in our hospital for 8 years. Enterobacteriacae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and glucose nonfermenting gram-negative rods were major isolates in 8 years. Haemophilus influenzae, which used to be the commonest isolate, decreased from 10.9% in 1993 while Enterobacteriacae increased from 8.9% in 1986 to 17.6% in 1993. S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae were major isolates from out-patients consisting of 50%, followed by Enterobacteriacae, P. aeruginosa and MSSA. Enterobacteriacae and P. aeruginosa were major isolates from in-patients, followed by MRSA and beta-Streptococcus. Streptococcus agalactiae, Serratia marcescens and Corynebacterium spp. prevailed especially in the geriatric ward. S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis were major isolates from patients with pneumoconiosis, especially in winter.

Bacteria↗

PubMed1995

Disseminated intravascular coagulopathy in infection compared with that in malignant neoplasia.

The organic symptoms and results of coagulation tests of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC) in 17 patients with infection were compared with those in 12 patients with malignancy. The infectious diseases were mainly sepsis and pneumonia, and the malignancy was mainly lung cancer. The mean antithrombin III (AT III) before treatment was 54% in infection and 68% in malignancy, and the AT III values improved after administration of 1500 U of AT III concentrates per day. The mean thrombin-antithrombin complex level decreased from 22 ng/ml to 9 ng/ml after the treatment in infection, but it increased in malignancy. There were no differences in DIC scores between infection and malignancy before treatment; however, the scores were significantly more improved in infection than in malignancy after treatment (p < 0.05). The fibrin/fibrinogen degradation product level, platelet count, and fibronectin level were also significantly more improved in infection than in malignancy. This better response to treatment in infection than in malignancy is probably due to eradication of the causative organisms by antibiotics in infection. These data suggest that therapy against both DIC and the underlying disease is crucial for successful treatment.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

[Epidemic of Salmonella enteritidis infection of childhood in the northern area of Nagasaki].

Salmonella Enteritidis infections were a local epidemic in the northern area of Nagasaki, Japan, during August to September in 1992. Out patients (142) visited our hospital because of diarrhea and-or abdominal pain and 96 patients had stool cultures and 51 patients were diagnosed as Salmonella infection. Of the 51 patients it was found that the Salmonella serogroups were 09, 07, 08 and the number of patients were 42, 8, 1, respectively. Phage type 1 was identified in all of the S. Enteritidis infected 38 patients who were examined. About 90% of the patients were under 10 years old. Namely, this Salmonella Enteritidis epidemic in childhood. The peak epidemic period was consistent with the local summer festival and the etiology of infection was thought to be caused by polluted handmade ice cream. S. enteritidis was identified from the ice cream which was also phage type 1. The latent period was 87 hrs.

Child↗

PubMed1995

Immortalization of human T cells expressing T-cell receptor gamma delta by herpesvirus saimiri.

Herpesvirus saimiri (HVS) has recently been shown to immortalize human CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing T-cell receptor alpha beta (TCR-alpha beta) with the maintenance of their original phenotypes and functional properties. However, the immortalization of human T cells expressing TCR-gamma delta by HVS has not been successful. Here we report that HVS can also infect and immortalize human T cells expressing TCR-gamma delta. Two human TCR-gamma delta+ T-cell clones, which continuously proliferated in interleukin-2-containing culture medium without any exogenous stimulation or addition of feeder cells for more than 8 months, were established by HVS infection. Morphologically, the HVS-transformed TCR-gamma delta+ T-cell clones were granular lymphocytes which exhibited wide-range HLA-unrestricted cytotoxicity as untransformed TCR-gamma delta+ T cells. Their phenotypes and cytotoxic activities were not altered during long-term culture. The immortalization of human TCR-gamma delta+ T cells by HVS infection would be useful for functional analysis of this lymphocyte population, which is believed to play an important role in protection against various infectious diseases.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Gianturco stent placement in malignant caval obstruction: analysis of factors for predicting the outcome.

PURPOSE: To determine the factors that may be used to predict outcome of stent placement in patients with malignancies obstructing the superior or inferior vena cava. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gianturco stents were placed in 39 patients with malignant obstruction of the superior (n = 16) or inferior (n = 23) vena cava. Thirteen patients with obstruction of the superior vena cava received radiation therapy and/or chemotherapy at some time in their course of treatment. Computed tomographic (CT) scans were obtained in all patients. The authors analyzed treatment outcome with the location, length, and CT appearance of obstruction. RESULTS: Venous congestive symptoms disappeared after stent placement in 35 patients and remained in four. Symptoms did not recur during 1-13-month follow-up in 32 of the 35 patients in whom the symptoms disappeared. Nonfatal complications were observed in nine patients. Results of multivariate analysis showed that the outcome of stent placement is best predicted by the appearance of obstructions on CT scans irrespective of the location and length of the lesions. CONCLUSION: Good results can be expected from placement of Gianturco stents except when CT shows the obstruction to be totally enveloped by tumor.

Constriction, Pathologic↗

PubMed1995

Circulating interleukin-6 levels in patients with bronchial asthma.

Circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined using a sensitive enzyme immunoassay in adults with asthma in stable condition during naturally occurring attacks and before and after allergen inhalation tests. IL-6 was significantly elevated even in asymptomatic asthmatic subjects (n = 17) compared with normal control subjects (n = 17). During naturally occurring asthmatic attacks, serum IL-6 levels were significantly elevated in comparison with those in a symptom-free condition (4 wk interval; n = 8, p < 0.01). No significant difference was observed in serum IL-6 levels obtained from control asymptomatic asthmatic subjects during the period (n = 10). There was a significant elevation in circulating IL-6 levels in eight asthmatic patients following inhalation of allergen but not methacholine. These results suggest that IL-6 is involved in the pathophysiology of bronchial asthma.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Evoked otoacoustic emissions and electrocochleography in a patient with multiple sclerosis.

A 24-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis had right-sided hearing impairment with tinnitus. She underwent electrocochleography (ECochG) and examination of evoked otoacoustic emissions (EOAEs) to assess cochlear function. An acoustic probe to measure EOAEs was inserted into the external ear canal. The ECochG action potential and cochlear microphonics were recorded by a transtympanic needle electrode technique. Both fast and slow components of EOAEs appeared in either the period of deteriorated hearing acuity or when it was improved. They showed normal detection thresholds and input-output curves during both periods. Cochlear microphonics with almost normal detection thresholds and input-output functions were obtained during the period of deteriorated hearing acuity. Action potential (N1) input-output curves during relapse with hearing loss were notably lower in amplitude and longer in latency than those obtained at the time hearing impairment showed improvement. The EOAE and ECochG findings suggested that this patient had almost normal cochlear function, and we assumed from the magnetic resonance imaging and auditory brain stem response findings as well as the ECochG that the hearing impairment was caused by dysfunction of auditory pathways in the brain stem, including structures that contribute to generation of the N1 potential of the ECochG.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen-DR and heat shock protein-70 expression in eye muscle tissue in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

To investigate the expression and localization of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70) in orbital tissue from patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO), we carried out an immunohistochemical study using anti-HLA-DR and anti-HSP-70 monoclonal antibodies and a streptavidin-biotinperoxidase detection system. Eye muscle tissues were obtained at surgery from 38 patients with TAO and 8 control subjects. HLA-DR expression on eye muscle cells was demonstrated in orbital tissue from 2 of 3 untreated patients and 2 of 35 patients who had been treated with orbital irradiation or corticosteroids, in all of whom lymphocytic infiltration was also demonstrated. HLA-DR was not detected on eye muscle cells from 8 normal controls studied. HLA-DR was expressed on endothelial cells and interstitial cells from almost all patients with TAO and all 8 control subjects. HSP-70 was detected in eye muscle cells from 31 of the patients with TAO, including all 3 untreated patients, and 3 of the controls. Although the degree of HSP-70 expression did not correlate with the severity of the ophthalmopathy, significant expression of HSP-70 in eye muscle cells was more often demonstrated in patients with eye disease of short duration (83%) than in those with disease of longer duration (33%). These results support the notion that eye muscle fiber is an important target of the orbital autoimmune reactions that characterize TAO.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Genetic studies on premating isolation in Drosophila simulans. I.AD. simulans line highly crossable with D. melanogaster.

The S2 line of Drosophila simulans, an isofemale line from a natural population at Mishima, Japan, was found to have high crossability with D. melanogaster. Over 80% of the S2 females mated with D. melanogaster males, while only 2.4- 14.2% of control females from other D. simulans lines mated. The reciprocal mating (D. melanogaster female x S2 males) was in normal range (35-50%). The crossability of the F1 females between the S2 and other normal simulans lines was slightly higher than the control females. The high crossability is caused by at least two genes, one on the second and the other on the third chromosome which act additively.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

cDNA cloning and characterization of gibberellin-responsive genes in photoblastic lettuce seeds.

Two cDNA clones, cLRG5 and cLRG11, that respond to gibberellin (GA) were isolated from seeds of photoblastic lettuce (Lectuca sativa L. cv. Grand Rapids) by differential screening. Northern blot analysis indicated that the levels of LRG5 and LRG11 mRNAs were raised to slightly higher levels 10 h after the start of GA treatment and the levels were maintained at least for further 8 h, while those in the control seeds gradually decreased. Red light irradiation had effects similar to GA treatment. The cLRG5 insert encodes a putative polypeptide of 380 amino acids that is highly homologous to alcohol dehydrogenases from several higher plants. With regard to the cLRG11 insert, no homologous gene has been reported.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1995

Molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence of purine nucleoside phosphorylase and uridine phosphorylase genes from Klebsiella sp.

Klebsiella sp. LF 1202 was isolated as a bacterium that can assimilate adenosine as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen [F. Ling et al., Agric. Biol. Chem., 55, 573-575 (1991)] from a soil sample. Both the purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNPase) and uridine phosphorylase (UPase) of this bacterium were induced simultaneously when the bacterium was cultured in a medium containing adenosine or uridine as a sole source of carbon and nitrogen. This induction profile is different from that of Escherichia coli. Here we cloned and sequenced the gene corresponding to each enzyme. The open reading frame (ORF) of the PNPase gene consisted of 717 bp that encoded a polypeptide of 239 amino acids with a molecular weight of 26,198. The ORF of the UPase gene consisted of 834 bp that encoded a polypeptide of 278 amino acids with a molecular weight of 28,912.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1995

Enhanced replication of orbiviruses in bovine testicle cells infected with bovine viral diarrhoea virus.

Bovine testicle (BT) cells infected with non-cytopathogenic (NCP) bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) developed cytopathogenic effect (CPE) after superinfection with 7 Orbiviruses, whereas no CPE was induced by them in the absence of NCP BVDV infection. The CPE was accompanied by the enhanced replication of Orbiviruses. Seven of 10 strains of NCP BVDV induced the enhanced replication of Ibaraki virus, a member of Orbivirus. These 7 strains of NCP BVDV were END phenomenon positive. In contrast, the absence of CPE and the suppression of growth of Ibaraki virus were seen in BT cells infected with the other 3 strains which were END phenomenon negative. The END phenomenon negative viruses were different markedly from the END phenomenon positive viruses with respect to interactions with Orbivirus. The mechanism of the enhanced replication of Orbivirus seems to be explained with the suppression by the END phenomenon positive NCP BVDV to the interferon production of Orbivirus in BT cells.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

A rare case of primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma in a male: immunohistochemical detection for human chorionic gonadotropin, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and EGF-receptor.

a rare case of primary choriocarcinoma of the lung in a male is described with immunohistochemistry for human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and EGF-receptor. The extragonadal trophoblastic origin of this pulmonary carcinoma was definitely confirmed by an autopsy examination, and hCG-production and hCG-positive staining of the tumor cells. Furthermore, the tumor cells clearly expressed EGF and its receptor which play an important role in the proliferation and differentiation of normal and neoplastic trophoblasts of the uterus. Our present case suggests that EGF may act in an autocrine manner in the tumor cells of primary pulmonary choriocarcinoma.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

The response of serum and hepatic lipids and the aortic wall to different levels of dietary cholesterol: a comparative study between hyperlipidemia-and- atherosclerosis-prone quail and commercially available quail.

A hyperlipidemia-and-atherosclerosis-prone (LAP) quail model was developed by dietary cholesterol feeding through genetic selection of commercially available (CA) Japanese quail. The response of serum lipids and the aortic wall to dietary cholesterol feeding was compared in CA and LAP quails. Ten groups were fed a combination diet with different levels of cholesterol and corn oil for 12 weeks. In CA quail, dietary feeding of cholesterol only failed to induce significant hypercholesterolemia or atherosclerotic lesion. The respective optimal dietary levels of cholesterol and corn oil to induce hyperlipidemia and atherosclerotic lesion, were 2% and 15%, respectively. Ad-libitum feeding of only 0.5% cholesterol without corn oil induced significant hypercholesterolemia and aortic atherosclerosis in LAP quail. The main proliferating cellular component of the aortic atherosclerotic lesion was phenotypically transformed fibroblasts from medial fibroblasts. These results suggest that the LAP quail is a useful animal model for the study of atherosclerosis.

Animals↗

PubMed1995

Clinical evaluation of catheter-related fungemia and bacteremia.

Forty-four patients with catheter-related infection admitted to Hokusho Central Hospital between 1985 and 1991 were studied retrospectively. The rate of catheter-related fungemia or bacteremia to all corresponding cases of fungemia and bacteremia increased from 7.7% in 1985 to 28.8% in 1991. The isolated pathogens were Candida parapsilosis (8 strains), Candida tropicalis (6 strains), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (6 strains), methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) (5 strains) and Streptococcus epidermidis (3 strains). Bacteremia occurred after catheterization of the femoral vein for a mean duration of 37 days. The period was significantly shorter than that after catheterization of the subclavian vein (56 days). The major isolates from the subclavian vein were Candida spp. (14/17, 82.4%), followed by MRSA (1/17, 5.9%) and MSSA (1/17, 5.9%), while isolates from the femoral vein were Candida spp. (6/16, 37.5%), MRSA (5/16, 31.3%) and MSSA (3/16, 20.8%). Catheter removal alone did not improve the clinical condition, particularly in MRSA bacteremia; the combination of antimicrobial therapy and removal of the catheter was necessary for a better prognosis.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

IgG and IgM rheumatoid factor levels parallel interleukin-6 during the vasculitic phase in a patient with Churg-Strauss syndrome.

A 43-year-old woman with a 10-year history of bronchial asthma developed marked peripheral blood eosinophilia and symptoms of vasculitis. A diagnosis of Churg-Strauss syndrome (CSS) was made, and her symptoms were successfully treated with low-dose prednisolone. Serum rheumatoid factors (RF) of both IgG and IgM, but not IgA or IgE, subclasses transiently appeared in accordance with the vasculitic phase. Serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels also transiently increased in this phase and the peak level was reached just prior to the maximum of RF elevation, suggesting the role of IL-6 as an inducer of RF. RF and IL-6 seemed to be involved in the pathogenesis of the vasculitis in this patient.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Warfarin-induced eosinophilic pleurisy.

A 51-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of dry cough and low grade fever with right-sided pleural fluid and blood eosinophilia. Warfarin had been prescribed following coronary artery bypass grafting. After the discontinuation of warfarin the clinical and chest X-ray findings improved; readministration of the drug caused recurrent blood eosinophilia and pleural effusion in the other lung. Since no other specific etiologies for eosinophilia and pleural effusion were determined by extensive evaluation, warfarin seemed to be associated with his illness. This is the first report of warfarin-induced eosinophilic pleurisy.

Anticoagulants↗

PubMed1995

Correction of hypertriglyceridemia with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol by the novel compound NO-1886, a lipoprotein lipase-promoting agent, in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

We have previously reported that the novel compound NO-1886 increased lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity, with resulting elevation of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol in normal rats (J Clin Invest 92:411-417, 1993). The aim of this study was to ascertain whether the compound has the same action in diabetes, because hypertriglyceridemia with low HDL cholesterol is an extremely common concomitant condition in diabetes. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats showed marked elevation of plasma triglyceride and reduction of HDL cholesterol. Both single and repeated administration of NO-1886 increased postheparin plasma LPL activity, with resulting reduction of plasma triglyceride and elevation of HDL cholesterol. Repeated administration increased the amount of LPL mRNA in adipose tissue and myocardium. The compound had no effects on plasma glucose and insulin levels. Our study indicates that the compound is potentially beneficial for the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia with low HDL cholesterol in diabetes.

Adipose Tissue↗