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Biomedical subjects

Y Inaba

Publications and source records attributed to Y Inaba.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Case report: Hepatic arterial occlusion following infusion catheter placement: recanalization using the Palmaz stent.

We report two cases in which hepatic arterial occlusion developed soon after percutaneous catheter placement for hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy in malignant hepatic neoplasms. A replaced hepatic artery and a proper hepatic artery, respectively, became occluded in these cases. In both, because the tip of a side-holed catheter for arterial infusion was fixed in place, we performed recanalization without removing the indwelling catheter. Despite the presence of the catheter, a stent could be inserted into the occluded portion of the hepatic artery. Recanalization of the hepatic artery was achieved with stent placement, and continuation of hepatic arterial infusion became possible.

Arterial Occlusive Diseases↗
PubMed2001

Element concentrations in urine of patients suffering from chronic arsenic poisoning.

In order to know the element levels in the urine of patients with chronic arsenic poisoning caused by arsenic assimilated from burning coal via air and food, we investigated various elements in the urine of 16 patients with this disease and 16 controls living in the same county in Guizhou Province of China. Concentrations of 25 elements (Al, As, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ga, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, Sb, Se, Sn, Sr, Ti, V and Zn) were determined by an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer or an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer. The average concentrations of Cu, Ga and Sn as well as As in the patients were significantly higher, and those of Cr, Rb, Sr and Ti in the patients were significantly lower than the control values. Al, Ba, Mn, Ni and Se were under detection limit in the patients, though they could be detected in the controls. There were no positive correlations between the concentration of As and the concentrations of other elements, including Cu, Ga and Sn in the patients. The results of this study suggest that As from burning coal might influence the urinary excretion of some elements.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Concentrations of trace elements in sweat during sauna bathing.

Trace elements in sweat during sauna bathing were assessed. Sweat collected by the whole body method was compared with that collected by the arm bag method. The sweat samples were collected from ten healthy male adults aged 22-26 years, by heat exposure in dry sauna bathing (60 degrees C, 30 minutes). Concentrations of major (Na, Cl, K, Ca, P and Mg) and trace (Zn, Cu, Fe, Ni, Cr and Mn) elements in sweat tended to be lower in the arm bag method than in the whole body method. It was found that Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations in the arm bag method were significantly lower than those in the whole body method. The amount of trace elements in sweat measured by the arm bag method was less than that by the whole body method; significant differences were observed in Fe and Mn amounts. These observations suggest that excretion of trace elements by sweating induces trace element decrease. Therefore, athletes and workers who work in a hot environment and sweat much habitually should ingest adequate amounts of trace elements.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Validity and reliability of single-item questions about physical activity.

The Japan Collaborative Cohort Study for Evaluation of Cancer Risk Sponsored by Monbusho (JACC Study) included in its self-administered questionnaires some single-item questions concerning physical activity. We examined the validity of the questions among 1,730 Japanese adults and the reliability of the questions among 1,075 Japanese adults. The validity of the sports and physical exercise questions was estimated by comparing the self-administered questionnaire responses with the time spent on the activity and the energy expenditure index for the previous 12-month period, elicited by the interviewing method used in the Japan Lifestyle Monitoring Study with a minor modification. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficients ranged from 0.43 to 0.60, showing moderate correlations. On the other hand, test-retest reliability was estimated by comparing the responses from two separate surveys conducted roughly one year apart. Weighted kappa coefficients of sports and physical exercise questions, classified according to sex and age, ranged from 0.39 to 0.56, showing moderate reliability; and those of a question about walking ranged from 0.25 to 0.39, showing fair reliability. We suggest that measuring physical activity level with these single-item questions may be appropriate for establishing baseline data that reflects long-term physical activity in a large-scale cohort study targeting lifestyle-related diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Specific features of obesity in children and its management].

Obesity during childhood is caused by both congenital and acquired causes. Obese children usually have family history, especially of their mothers. Identical twins have similar weight even if they are reared apart. In very rare cases of heritable obesity, genetic defects in leptin synthesis and its receptor, POMC, MC4 receptor, and prohormone converting enzyme have been reported. In addition, body weight of children and adolescents is related with their life styles, and the prevalence of obesity in recent years is higher than before probably due to changes in calorie intake and energy expenditure. Diagnosis of obesity is based on the assessment of overweight using BMI in most cases of adults. During childhood and adolescence, BMI can not be applied as in adults and its percentile values are useful for children. Percentage of overweight for the standard weight for height has been used as well to demonstrate over- or underweight in children and adolescents. Evaluation of fat volume and its distribution is essential for the precise diagnosis of obesity in children as well as adults.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Anti-IL-12 antibody prevents the development and progression of multiple sclerosis-like relapsing--remitting demyelinating disease in NOD mice induced with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein peptide.

Treatment with monoclonal anti-IL-12 antibody injected on day 0, 7 and 10 after immunization with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide 35-55 in NOD mice resulted in significant suppression of the development and the severity of the chronic relapsing-remitting experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) both clinically and histologically. The spleen cells from anti-IL-12 antibody treated mice displayed markedly inhibited MOG35-55 specific proliferation and IFN-gamma production. MOG35-55 specific antibody production was enhanced by anti-IL-12 antibody treatment. These results suggest that IL-12 is critically involved in the pathogenesis of MOG-induced EAE and that antibody to IL-12 could be an effective therapeutic agent in the clinical treatment of autoimmune demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS).

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Technical aspects of venous stenting in high-grade stenoses using a long guidewire between dual venous access sites.

We describe the technical benefits of the dual-access technique for venous stenting in high-grade stenosis. Stents were implanted successfully with this technique in all patients, although the preceding transfemoral interventions had failed. The dual-access technique is useful to facilitate the intervention when the stenoses are too severe to place the stent through just a single access point.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Physical and personality traits of preschool children in Fuzhou, China: only child vs sibling.

Concern about the healthy growth and development of an only child has been voiced since the 1970s, when the Chinese government launched the only child policy. In this study, the physical and personality traits of rural Chinese preschool only-children (onlies) whose age ranged from 3 to 6 years old were evaluated. The sample included 197 onlies and 367 children with siblings who came from seven kindergartens in rural areas in Fuzhou, Fujian province. The results showed no statistically significant differences in height, mass or BMI between the onlies and siblings. Regarding the personality traits, the significant difference was that the onlies exhibited more somatic complaints, however, the data didn't indicate any other undesirable personality traits for the onlies. These results suggest that Chinese preschool children grow normally with or without siblings.

Body Height↗
PubMed2000

Mycological examination of the hair samples of 11 school-going Nepalese children suspected of tinea capitis.

Among 150 students from a semi-urban school in Kathmandu (Nepal), 30 from various age groups and both sexes with symptoms suggestive of scalp ringworm, were examined clinically. Hair samples were collected for mycological examination, using the hair brush method, from 11 of the 30 children (36.7%), aged between 5 and 14 years, who were clinically diagnosed. Four of the cultured samples were positive for isolates of Trichophyton violaceum. This minor study provides evidence that tinea capitis might constitute a substantial infectious dermatological problem in Nepal. The study also indicated T. violaceum as the causative organism of tinea capitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Helicobacter pylori infection among Japanese children.

BACKGROUND: In Japan, there are few reports describing Helicobacter pylori infection among young children. The aim of the present study was to identify risk factors associated with H. pylori in school-aged children. METHODS: Subjects were first-grade students of three elementary schools (n = 310) and second-grade students of a junior high school (n = 300). Personal information, such as student's medical history, parent's history, family size, sibshipsize and household pets, was collected from guardians using a questionnaire. Saliva samples and personal information were collected twice (1995 and 1996). By using the saliva samples, H. pylori IgG antibody was measured using a commercial kit. To analyze the risk factors for H. pylori infection, sex- and age-adjusted odds ratios (OR) were calculated using a multiple logistic model. RESULTS: Among the children, factors related to Helicobacter antibody in saliva included spending a longer period of time in a nursery school or kindergarten (OR = 4.0) and a maternal history of stomach disease (OR = 2.8). Birth order (OR = 2.2), sleeping situation (OR = 2.3) and sibshipsize (OR = 1.6) were not factors that were significantly related to Helicobacter antibody in the saliva. Chewing food for the infant, family size, rooms in the household, sharing a bedroom during childhood, pets, a past history and a paternal history were not related to positivity. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that transmission is person-to-person, mainly through close contact with other children and intrafamilial infection. Helicobacter pylori infection seems to occur frequently early in life, probably before 6 years of age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for a ureteral stone in crossed fused renal ectopia.

BACKGROUND: A 63-year-old woman presented with right flank pain and macroscopic hematuria. RESULTS/METHODS: A plain film showed a calcific shadow on the right iliac bone. On excretory urography, the right kidney was seen in the normal position, but the left kidney was not. Bilateral retrograde pyelogram revealed the S-shaped kidney and mild obstruction from a 12 x 5 mm calculus in the proximal ureter of the crossed kidney. The patient was successfully treated with in situ extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) treatment and is stone free at 1 month follow up. CONCLUSION: We believe this is the first case of successful ESWL in a crossed kidney.

Female↗
PubMed2000

Mechanism of anti-tumor effect of combination of bleomycin and shock waves.

We have previously reported marked enhancement of the cytocidal effect of bleomycin (BLM) on cancer cell suspensions in vitro by the combination with shock waves. In this study, we evaluated the synergistic effects on cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis in solid tumors. A spherical piezo-ceramic element was used as the shock wave source, with a pressure peak of 40 MPa. A human colon cancer cell line, SW480 was implanted onto the back of nude mice. Two thousand shock waves were administered to the tumor immediately following an intravenous injection of BLM at a dose of one-tenth of the LD(50). The tumor was extirpated at 3, 6, 12, 24, 72 h and 1 week following shock exposure. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by Ki-67 using antibody MIB-1 and by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method. The lowest percentage (35.7%) of Ki-67-positive cells appeared 24 h following the treatment. The maximum apoptotic index was detected within 6 h following the treatment. Moreover, numerous large cells with enlarged nuclei were detected histologically. These results suggest that shock waves may enhance chemotherapeutic effects by increasing apoptosis and decreasing cell proliferation in the tumor tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Long-term effect of Helicobacter pylori infection on serum pepsinogens.

Serum pepsinogen values are markers of gastric mucosal status and of gastric cancer risk. The effect of Helicobacter pylori infection and sibship size on change of serum pepsinogen values over a seven-year span was investigated. Data from 2584 subjects with phlebotomy were analyzed both in 1989 and in 1996. The subjects were classified by H. pylori serology and sibship size (1 - 3 vs. 4 and more). Pepsinogen I (PG I) to II (PG II) ratio in '96 minus that in '89 was defined as DeltaPG I / II and compared among the groups. DeltaPG I / II was lower and decrease of PG I / II was more frequent among H. pylori-positive subjects than among negative subjects. The difference was owing to a decrease of PG I in all subjects and owing to an increase of PG II in those not younger than 30 years in '89. In H. pylori-positive subjects, those with a larger sibship size showed lower DeltaPG I / II and higher frequency of PG I / II decline. H. pylori infection exerts a reducing effect on PG I / II during the seven-year span. The effect of H. pylori is stronger among those with a larger sibship size, who are expected to have been infected with H. pylori in childhood. Inducing atrophy of gastric mucosa, which is reflected by a decline of PG I / II, may be one of the mechanisms through which H. pylori elevates the risk of gastric cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Effect of age on the relationship between gastric cancer and Helicobacter pylori. Tokyo Research Group of Prevention for Gastric Cancer.

Helicobacter pylori is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer, but the time point at which it produces its effects (critical time) is unknown. We measured the serum level of H. pylori antibody in 787 gastric cancer patients and 1007 controls aged 20 to 69. Odds ratios for different gastric cancer types and stages were determined for each 10-year age class. The overall odds ratio for gastric cancer decreased with age, being 7.0 for those aged 20 - 29, 14.5 for those aged 30 - 39, 9.1 for those aged 40 - 49, 3.5 for those aged 50 - 59, and 1.5 for those aged 60 - 69 (trend in odds ratios: P < 0.01). However, there was no such age-dependent trend for early diffuse-type cancer; the odds ratios were 12.6, 4.0, 7.2, 6.5, and 18.5 respectively (P = 0.29). Early cancer tended to show higher seroprevalence than advanced cancer, especially in older subjects. No significant difference in seroprevalence was observed between diffuse and intestinal cancers within each age-class. Seroreversion must have occurred in the time interval between the critical time and the diagnosis of the cancer, especially in older patients. The age-dependent relationship between H. pylori and gastric cancer may be due to seroreversion, which itself may be independent of age. This age-independence indicates that prolonged exposure to H. pylori does not increase the magnitude of its influence on gastric carcinogenesis. Possible mechanisms through which H. pylori exerts pathogenic effects are continuous inflammation in adulthood and / or irreversible damage to gastric mucosa in childhood or the teenage years.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

The aetiology of non-tumorous enhancement in the hepatic hilum shown on CT hepatic arteriography.

The causes of non-tumorous abnormalities in the hepatic hilum seen on CT hepatic arteriography were investigated. 13 patients with non-tumorous defects of portal perfusion in the hepatic hilum on CT arterial portography underwent both CT hepatic arteriography from the common hepatic artery and CT obtained during proper hepatic arteriography. The findings of non-tumorous portal defects on these two angiographic studies using helical CT were compared. In the 13 patients, 14 non-tumorous defects of portal perfusion in the hepatic hilum on CT arterial portography were detected as enhanced areas in 10 regions (dorsum of segment IV, 7/10; dorsum of the lateral segment, 3/4) on CT hepatic arteriography via the common hepatic artery, but none were enhanced on CT obtained during proper hepatic arteriography. In conclusion, the main cause of non-tumorous enhancement in the hepatic hilum seen on CT hepatic arteriography is non-portal direct inflow via the parabiliary venous system.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Increased hepatic arterial blood flow after decreased portal supply to the liver parenchyma owing to intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt: angiographic demonstration using helical CT.

This study was conducted to investigate the haemodynamics of the liver parenchyma in the presence of intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt. 3 patients with intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunts and 24 patients with normal intrahepatic haemodynamics underwent both CT arterial portography and CT during hepatic arteriography. Angiographic findings with helical CT were compared, and CT attenuated values were measured in both groups. The liver parenchyma on CT arterial portography had lower attenuation than on CT during hepatic arteriography in all patients with intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunts. Overall average CT attenuation was 92.2 +/- 7.7 Hounsfield units (HU) on CT arterial portography and 149.9 +/- 8.5 HU after CT during hepatic arteriography, with the opposite findings in all patients without intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunt: CT attenuation 142.0 +/- 25.7 HU on CT arterial portography and 100.7 +/- 16.4 HU after CT during hepatic arteriography. In conclusion, the portal venous supply to the liver parenchyma decreased due to intrahepatic portosystemic venous shunts, with a compensatory increase in hepatic arterial blood supply.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Massive intrathoracic haemorrhage after CT-guided lung biopsy.

CT-guided lung biopsy is now widely performed for tumorous lesions in the lung, and both its usefulness in this context and the associated complications have been well described in the literature. Although severe complications are rare, we describe a case in which massive intrathoracic haemorrhage developed after lung biopsy and necessitated emergency operation for control. Intraoperative findings suggested that the source of the haemorrhage was a fibrous, cord-like substance present at the site of adhesion associated with old tuberculosis. We attributed this haemorrhage to a pneumothorax, which developed after lung biopsy and caused the new vessels penetrating the centre of the fibrous, cord-like substance to stretch and rupture. Numerous cases have been reported of spontaneous haemopneumothorax precipitated by spontaneous pneumothorax and resulting from the rupture of such vessels.

Biopsy↗