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Biomedical subjects

Y Iguchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Iguchi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Utility of prostate specific antigen (PSA) density in detecting prostate cancer in men showing gray zone serum PSA levels].

The efficacy of prostate specific antigen density (PSAD) in diagnosing prostate cancer was assessed in 98 patients with serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels between 2 and 10 ng/ml who had a pathological diagnosis made by prostate biopsy or transurethral resection of the prostate. Of the 98 patients, 22 (22%) had prostate cancer. The PSA (based on a cut-off value of 4.5 ng/ml) had a sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of 82% and 38%, respectively, for diagnosing prostate cancer, while the results for PSAD (based on a cut-off value of 0.13) were 91% and 61%. The PSAD was more efficient than the PSA levels and was also superior to digital rectal examination (DRE) combined with transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS), for which the sensitivity and PPV were 73% and 39%, respectively. Six (11%) out of 57 patients who were normal on DRE and TRUS had prostate cancer. In these 57 patients, the PSA (cut-off value: 4.5 ng/ml) had a sensitivity of 50% and PPV while the values for PSAD (cut-off value: 0.13) were 83% and 36% respectively. The PSAD could effectively detect even impalpable prostate cancer not visible on TRUS.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Determination of bradykinin-(1-5) in inflammatory exudate by a new ELISA as a reliable indicator of bradykinin generation.

We have developed an ELISA for BK-(1-5) (Arg1-Pro2-Pro3-Gly4-Phe5). In rat carrageenin-induced pleurisy, in which a plasma exudation peak was observed 5 h after carrageenin, BK levels in the exudates were negligible (< 60 pg/rat). BK-(1-7) (des-Phe8-Arg9-BK) was detectable (900-400 pg/rat) over the entire course of the inflammation. However, a larger amount of BK-(1-5) was detectable in association with the increase in plasma exudation, showing a peak (8800 +/- 1200 pg/rat) 3 h after carrageenin. Bromelain (10 mg/kg, i.v.) and soy bean trypsin inhibitor (0.3 mg/rat, intra-pleural) significantly reduced BK-(1-5) levels (by 60-93%, 3, 7 and 19 h after carrageenin) and plasma exudation rates (by 61-74%, 3 and 7 h after carrageenin). Dexamethasone (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced BK-(1-5) levels (by 78%) and decreased plasma exudation (by 70%) 3 h after carrageenin. In nasal allergy patients, antigen challenge of nasal mucosa elevated BK-(1-5) levels and active kallikrein levels in nasal washes. These results verify that BK-(1-5) determined by ELISA is a good indicator for release of kinins in vivo.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1996

Flunitrazepam effects on human sleep EEG spectra: Differences in NREM, REM and individual responses.

Flunitrazepam (FNZ) (4mg), an intermediate type benzodiazepine (BDZ) hypnotic, was administered orally to five healthy male subjects (Ss) for seven consecutive nights. Sleep EEG from the baseline night (BLN), the initial drug night (IDN), the fourth and the seventh drug nights (4DN, 7DN) was subjected to fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis. During NREM sleep of 4DN and 7DN the sigma band (11.0-12.5 Hz) activity was similarly enhanced in every S. In REM of 4DN and 7DN beta band (23.0-29.0 Hz) was enhanced, but with larger variations among Ss. High intra-individual consistency of the relative EEG power patterns on 4DN and 7DN was observed. These results suggest that 1) EEG responses to FNZ are different in sleep states; explorations of these differences may provide better understandings of sleep mechanisms, and 2) individual variations in EEG responses may reflect individual variations of the BDZ receptor system. These methods may be useful for exploring receptor changes in neuropsychiatric disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Flunitrazepam effects on human sleep EEG spectra. II: Sigma and beta alterations during NREM sleep.

Flunitrazepam (FNZ) is known to enhance the higher EEG frequencies, including sigma (10-15 Hz) and beta (20-28 Hz). Both sigma and beta frequency bands show an inverse relationship with delta (0.3-3 Hz) during NREM periods, as we have previously reported. It is not known whether generation of these two EEG frequencies is mediated by the same or different neuronal mechanisms. In this report, we compare alterations of delta, sigma and beta EEG induced by FNZ (4 mg) orally administered to five healthy male subjects for seven consecutive nights. Sleep EEG on the baseline night (BLN), and the fourth and seventh drug nights (4DN, 7DN) was subjected to fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis. On drug nights, sigma was enhanced without regard to delta amount, but beta was enhanced only during epochs containing low delta. Thus, sigma and beta EEG were altered differently by the same pharmacological agent. These results suggest that sigma and beta EEG are mediated by different neuronal mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Reduction by a kallikrein inhibitor of the increased nasal airway resistance of allergic patients after antigen challenge.

Kallikrein activity in nasal lavage fluid, which was measured with a synthetic substrate, Pro-Phe-Arg-methylcoumarilamide, was increased in accordance with the severity of the symptoms of house-dust-mite allergic rhinitis. Antigen challenge was applied to patients with allergic rhinitis by placing a disk containing allergen on the nasal mucosa of the right inferior turbinate. Kallikrein activities and kinin levels in the nasal lavage fluid had increased significantly 15 min after the antigen challenge. These increases were accompanied by a marked increase in nasal airway resistance 15 min after antigen challenge. Pretreatment of the patients with camostat mesilate (60 mg/kg, p.o), a non-peptide serine proteinase inhibitor clinically used in Japan, inhibited the kallikrein activity in the nasal lavage fluid. The increase in nasal airway resistance after antigen challenge was also markedly reduced by oral administration of the inhibitor, indicating involvement of the kallikrein-kinin system in induction of the nasal symptoms.

Airway Resistance↗
PubMed1996

Binaural interaction of stapedius reflex.

It is known that stapedius reflex (SR) shows bilateral interaction and that its center is located in the brainstem. In the present study, the pattern of SR was compared in two different conditions, either with binaural acoustic stimuli or with monaural stimuli using the impedance measurement method. When the sound source was placed in front of the head model, the amplitude of impedance change was higher in the binaural hearing condition than in the monaural condition, suggesting bilateral superposition. When the sound source was placed laterally to the head model, the amplitude of impedance change was higher in the ipsilateral ear than in the contralateral ear in the binaural condition. In the monaural condition, the amplitude of impedance change in the ipsilateral ear was as high as that obtained in the ipsilateral ear in the binaural condition, whereas it was markedly low in the contralateral ear. It is assumed that sense of sound direction cannot be well maintained without binaural interaction of SR.

Acoustic Impedance Tests↗
PubMed1996

[Retroperitoneal malignant mesothelioma. A case report].

A case of primary malignant mesothelioma grew from retroperitoneal space is reported. A 39-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with the right non-functioning kidney on April, 1993. He had felt the right lumbal dull pain and scrotal pain about 6 month ago, the pain became stronger gradually. He consulted the other clinic, and there, he was pointed out of the loss of function of his right Kidney by the IVP. Examination of cystoscopy, retrograde pyelography, percutaneous antegrade pyelography, CT scan and ultrasonography suggested retroperitoneal tumor with unknown origin. His right ureter was totally obstructed by this tumor, and the right kidney had lost the function. The right nephrectomy and partial ureterectomy were done but this tumor was hard to be resected because of its sever invasion to the surrounding muscles and bones. The pathology of this tumor resulted in a Malignant Mesothelioma. After the operation several chemotherapy was done but any effectiveness was not gained. The tumor made rapid progress and he died of multiple organ failure in 8 months after the first operation. Malignant Mesothelioma generally arises from serous membrane, so almost of this tumor are found in the peritoneum and pleura. But in this case, the tumor developed in the retroperitoneum. I have given this case a great deal of consideration and due to its unusual nature I make this report.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[A case of vascular leiomyoma in the larynx].

We report a recently encountered case of vascular leiomyoma in the larynx. The patient was a 76-year-old man with a chief complaint of hoarseness. Laryngoscopy revealed a bean-sized, reddish tumor with a smooth surface, suspended from the right vocal cord toward the subglottis. Its border was clear on MR imaging. Tracheotomy was performed under local anesthesia, and laryngomicrosurgery was then carried out under general anesthesia. The tumor was encapsulated and could be completely resected. Histological study indicated smooth muscule cell proliferation, especially around capillaries, and the tumor was diagnosed as a vascular leiomyoma. Our extensive survey of the literature revealed 20 reports of benign myogenic tumor of the larynx (9 cases of simple leiomyoma, 10 of vascular leiomyoma, and 1 of leiomyoblastoma), many of which occurred in the middle and advanced years. The patients consisted of 15 men and 5 women, including 9 male vascular leiomyoma patients of middle or advanced age. The site of occurrence was supraglottic in 12, glottic in 4 and subglottic in 4; no relation was observed with the histological picture, however. Treatment was surgical, and some cases also required tracheotomy depending on the site of occurrence and morphology.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Differentiation between allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis by electrophoretic evaluation of the protein in pituita].

Application of trichloro-acetic acid (TCA) to the inferior turbinates is being performed at our hospital to treat allergic rhinitis. However, some patients have continous rhinorrhea even though the provocation test after treatment was negative. Electrophoretic studies were performed on the nasal discharge of such continuous rhinorrhea patients to analyze its protein components, albumin and 23kD protein. The results showed that the pituita in the unimproved cases with negative provocation result was similar in nature to the pituita in vasomotor rhinitis patients. It was concluded that the proteins in the pituita were not attributable to an antigen-antibody reaction, because the provocation test was negative, but they were the result of angiogenic factors (= vasomotor rhinitis). Thus it appears that allergic rhinitis can be classified into two types: genuine allergic rhinitis and allergic rhinitis associated with vasomotor rhinitis. TCA therapy was not effective in the cases of allergic rhinitis with vasomotor rhinitis, because they had a pathophysiological feature of vasomotor rhinitis. Genuine allergic rhinitis can be differentiated from vasomotor rhinitis clinically by measuring albumin and 23kD protein in pituita. It was concluded that measurement of 23kD protein concentrations in pituita is effective for determining indications for TCA chemotherapy and evaluating its clinical results.

Albumins↗
PubMed1995

Epitheloid granuloma formation in type C chronic hepatitis: report of two cases.

Two cases of type C chronic hepatitis with the presence of epitheloid granulomas were reported. Case 1 was a 44-year-old man who presented with a moderate increase in serum ALT and positive anti-HCV. Histological examination of percutaneous liver biopsy specimens showed dense portal inflammation with piecemeal necrosis. Lobular inflammation was present mederately and a large well-organized epitheloid granuloma was found within a liver lobule. Case 2 was a 55-year-old woman, who was presented because of a slight increase in serum ALT and positive anti-HCV. Histologically, liver biopsy specimens showed lymphoid aggregates in the portal area and slight piecemeal necrosis. Moderate steatosis were noted and an epitheloid granuloma was present in the hepatic lobule. Acid-fast stains were negative for both cases and serum ACE and lysozyme were within normal range. These granulomas were composed of epitheloid cells surrounded by lymphocytes. They were not present within the portal tracts, but were found in the hepatic lobule. The incidence of the appearance of epitheloid granuloma in liver biopsy specimens of type C chronic hepatitis was 2 out of 273 cases (0.73%). The role of HCV infection in the genesis of epitheloid granulomatosis is of much interest and should be investigated.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[An autopsy case of gliomatosis cerebri with marked swelling of the spinal cord].

We report a 26-year-old male with diffuse infiltration of neoplastic glial cell to the bilateral hemisphere, basal ganglia, cerebellum, brain stem and markedly swollen spinal cord. Initial complaints were general malaise and disturbance of eye movements. The patient died after 30 months. The characteristics of this case included diffuse severe swelling of the brain stem and spinal cord (from the cervical to thoracic levels) shown on MRI without marked change of the hemispheres, cerebellum or basal ganglia. This is a rare case report of spinal swelling that was visually and radiologically apparent, although at present 11 cases of gliomatosis cerebri with histologically proven invasion to the spinal cord. From these facts, it is thought that this case is important from the aspect of the differential diagnosis of the spinal cord lesions.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Japanese direct investment and its impact on migration in the ASEAN 4.

"The purpose of this article is to show the relationship among Japanese direct investment...,domestic labor markets, and international labor migration in ASEAN-4 countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand). The effects of foreign direct investment on skilled labor migration are also considered."

Asia↗
PubMed1994

[Painful muscle cramps in liver cirrhosis and effects of oral taurine administration].

We administered 3 g of taurine orally for four weeks to 35 patients suffering from liver cirrhosis with repeated muscle cramp (MC). Improvement of MC was noted in 22 cases (62.9%). We also determined the plasma taurine concentration in eight cases of liver cirrhosis with MC. The plasma taurine concentration before ingestion was 54.1 +/- 20.7 nmol/ml, whereas that of four weeks after ingestion was 125.1 +/- 59.1 nmol/ml, which was significantly elevated by 2.3 fold. As the concentration increased, the frequency of MC decreased, suggesting the good correlation between ingestion and the decrease in frequency of MC. In liver cirrhosis without MC the plasma taurine concentration was 81.0 +/- 16.7 nmol/ml, which was significantly higher than in liver cirrhosis with MC. In a few cases with taurine ingestion, serial plasma taurine concentrations were detected. Plasma taurine reached the peak value during the first week of ingestion and plasma taurine levels were maintained 2-5 fold higher during ingestion.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1992

Synthesis and non-thrombogenicity of heparinoid polyurethaneureas.

Unsaturated polyurethaneureas were synthesized from 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1,2-diaminopropane and polybutadiene containing hydroxyl groups at both ends of a chain. The polyurethaneureas were cast as a film and subsequently treated with N-chlorosulphonyl isocyanate to produce sulphamate and carboxylate groups on the film surface. The level of in vitro non-thrombogenicity increased with increasing degree of modification. The high blood compatibility is attributed to the low level of platelet stimulation and to heparinoid activity. It was observed that platelet stimulation depends on the surface structure of the original polyurethaneura, and that the heparinoid activity is related with the presence of sulphamate and carboxylate groups.

Animals↗