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Biomedical subjects

Y Ide

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ide.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

A morphological study of root resorption of the maxillary first deciduous molars.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between root resorption of the maxillary first deciduous molars and the developmental state of the successive permanent teeth. Twenty-four specimens of the maxilla from 12 dry skulls were classified into four dental eruption stages based upon their deciduous and permanent dentition. Serial sections prepared from the maxilla and embedded in polyester resin were observed with soft X-ray films. The area from the lowest point of the protruded part of the zygomatic process to the alveolar crest of the maxillary first deciduous molar was divided into 6 areas parallel to the Frankfort plane. Specimens from the upper 1/6, 3/6 and 5/6 areas were used. In addition, the shortest distance from the root resorption surface to the bony crypt was measured. The bony crypt containing the successive permanent tooth germ was located closer to the buccal root among the 3 roots of first deciduous molars but grew lingually with the progress of eruption stage. The distance from the root resorption surface to the bony crypt shortened and resorption actively progressed from the deciduous dentition stage to the first molar, and the central incisor reached the occlusal line in the deciduous dentition stage. Three-dimensional reconstruction to reproduce the relationship between the root and bony crypt revealed an increase in the root resorption surface with the eruption phase and growth of the bony crypt in the direction of root furcation.

Alveolar Process↗
PubMed1996

Use of the buccal fat pad as a pedicle graft.

A technique was developed to use the pedicle buccal fat pad as method for closing an oro-antral communication. The buccal fat pad is situated in the posterior part of the maxilla and bounded by the pterygopalatine fossa, buccal muscle, and masseter muscle. It is supplied by blood from small branches of the maxillary artery, the superficial temporal artery, and the facial artery. Generally, the buccal fat pad can be easily reached by a horizontal incision over the periosteum near the maxillary third molar. As much as 60 x 50mm2 can be obtained. For reconstructive surgery, the buccal fat pad is suitable for closing the sinus near the hard and soft palate and naso-oral fistulae. In our case, graft tissues after surgery healed satisfactorily, began to epithelialize at two weeks after operation, and appeared with normal mucous-like changes at about one month. Thus, the pedicle buccal fat pad is a safe, simple, convenient, and effective grafting method, if it is applied to appropriate cases.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed1996

Properties of the elastic modulus from buccal compact bone of human mandible.

The aim of this study was to elucidate the elastic modulus of the mandible, which is an important factor in analysis of its physical dynamics. To meet this need, three point bending tests of small bone specimens were performed. The authors concluded that the elastic modulus of the mandible varied with site and orientation. When the specimens were obtained from regions paralleling the mandibular plane, the values in the lower portions were generally higher than those in the upper portions, indicating that these regions are more rigid. The elastic modulus in the marginal portions of the mandible, such as the mandibular plane, had comparatively high values. Relatively lower values were found as the angle to the margin of the mandible increased. In the incisal and premolar regions, anisotropic characteristics approximated those of unidirectional fiber reinforced composite materials. In the molar regions, there was a broad distribution of values, reflecting the complexity of mandibular structure.

Anisotropy↗
PubMed1995

Intravenous midazolam suppresses noxiously evoked activity of spinal wide dynamic range neurons in cats.

The effects of intravenously (i.v.) administered midazolam on noxiously evoked activity of spinal wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons were investigated in decerebrate, spinal-cord-transected cats. Extracellular, single-unit recordings were measured during stimulation by pinching the receptive field on the hind paw and the effect of midazolam at doses of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 mg/kg were measured. Two series of experiments were performed to characterize the analgesic effects of midazolam. In the first, dose-response experiments (n = 59) demonstrated a dose-dependent suppression of the noxiously evoked activity of spinal WDR neurons after midazolam administration. This effect of midazolam was maximal at a dose of 1 mg/kg i.v.. The second series of experiments (n = 14) demonstrated that a benzodiazepine antagonist, flumazenil (n = 8), promptly reversed the effect of midazolam, while an opioid antagonist, naloxone (n = 6), had no effect on the effect of midazolam. The present study demonstrates that i.v. administered midazolam suppresses noxiously evoked activity of spinal WDR neurons that is reversible by a benzodiazepine antagonist. This is consistent with an analgesic action of midazolam.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[Acute deterioration of myasthenia gravis in association with tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis, simulating recurrence of thymoma. A case report].

We reported a unique case of myasthenia gravis in association with tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis. A 56-year-old man suffering from generalized myasthenia gravis underwent thymothymectomy followed by good clinical recovery for 2 years. Thereafter, the patient complained of acute onset of ptosis, diplopia, dysphagia and limb weakness with elevated titers of serum anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody. CT scans of the chest showed a mediastinal lymphadenopathy and the Thallium-201 SPECT revealed an abnormal mediastinal accumulation, suggesting recurrence of thymoma in the mediastinal lymphonode. Histologically, the re-operated mediastinal tumor was of tuberculous lymphadenitis. This patient gives us a caution that we must guard against errors in differentiation between thymoma and tuberculous mediastinal lymphadenitis, particularly when myasthenic patients with mediastinal tumors are expected to receive the corticosteroids therapy. (120 words).

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1995

[Allergy histories of Brazilian residents of Japanese descent in Japan].

A questionnaire written in Portuguese was administered from December 1993 to February 1994 to study the frequency of allergic symptoms among Brazilians of Japanese descent in Japan. The results obtained were as follows. 1) The frequencies of allergy histories were 18% for allergic rhinitis, 14% for atopic dermatitis, 12% for alimentary allergy, 10% for allergic conjunctivitis, 9% for allergy to metals, 8% for drug allergy, 7% each for urticaria and pollinosis, and 5% for asthma. 2) The frequencies of allergic rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis, pollinosis, urticaria and drug allergy were higher among those who came from metropolitan districts in Brazil with severe environmental pollution compared to those who came from rural districts. 3) The characteristics of persons who had subjective symptoms of pollinosis in early spring during their stay in Japan were as follows: The districts they resided in while in Japan were in the Kanto area where the frequencies of Japanese-cedar pollen-specific IgE antibodies positives were high and also where the frequencies of Japanese cedar pollinosis were high among Japanese living in Japan. The districts they originally came from were the metropolitan areas in Brazil, and they were resident in Japan for more than one year.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Microvascular free tissue transfer in oral and maxillofacial reconstruction.

Forty-two patients with head and neck cancer were submitted to microvascular reconstructive procedures. We divided patients in three groups; a first group of 30 patients, in whom the oral floor (8 patients), the part of tongue (14 patients), the lower gingiva (6 patients) and the oropharynx (2 patients) were reconstructed using various sizes of forearm flaps; a second group of 7 patients who underwent buccal mucosa reconstructions with the forearm flaps; and a third group of 5 patients who received rectus abdominis flaps for total tongue reconstruction. Three illustrative cases, one from each group, are presented in detail. Good results were obtained in 39 patients (94%), with both functional and morphological rehabilitation. There were three flap losses due to thrombosis of the microvascular anastomoses. There was no surgical mortality. The average operating time was about 10 hours in total. We concluded that there is a place for these complex procedures in the treatment of selected cases of head and neck tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Expression of CD44 in normal human versus tumor endometrial tissues: possible implication of reduced expression of CD44 in lymph-vascular space involvement of cancer cells.

Alternatively spliced variants of the CD44 molecule have been found to be associated with invasive and metastatic potential of cancer cells and poor prognosis in several types of carcinoma. We have examined expression of CD44 in normal and cancerous tissues of the endometrium as well as in cell lines established from patients with endometrial cancers by the combination of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot hybridization and by cell surface staining with antibodies to CD44. Of eight cancer cell lines tested, two lines, HOOUA and HEC50B, both of which are possibly potential candidates for metastasis, expressed a very small amount of mRNA for CD44. Variant forms of CD44 were expressed in 9 of 11 (81.8%) normal endometria, whereas 8 of 47 (17.0%) endometrial carcinomas showed expression of the variants. Hyperplasia samples displayed the variant expression in 42.9% of specimens (the value was between those of the normal and cancerous cells) and none of 3 in Müllerian mixed tumors. There was a significant difference in frequencies of CD44 variant expression between normal and cancerous tissues. Furthermore, lymph-vascular space involvement of cancer cells was observed to be statistically significant in the CD44-negative group as opposed to the positive group. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot hybridization clearly demonstrated that normal endometrial tissues express the standard CD44 form as well as the variant form. Immunohistochemical examination of normal endometrium revealed that intense staining was seen on the gland cells at the basement membrane side, and less intense staining was seen between the gland cells. These results suggest that CD44 could play important roles in the function of normal endometrium and that reduced CD44 expression might be related to the metastasis of endometrial cancer cells through lymph-vascular space.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Analysis of chromosome-sized DNA and genome typing of isolated strains of Taylorella equigenitalis.

Analysis of chromosome-sized DNA and genome typing of Taylorella equigenitalis NCTC11184, Kentucky 188, and five strains of T. equigenitalis isolated in Japan were carried out. The three restriction enzymes used, ApaI, NaeI and NotI, cleaved the genomic DNAs of five Japanese strains of T. equigenitalis into relatively limited numbers of restriction fragments, which were well resolved on crossed-field gel electrophoresis (CFGE). The respective profiles after CFGE of the restriction fragments from all five strains were essentially identical to each other after digestion by ApaI, NaeI or NotI. Hence it appears that these strains have a common genome type with respect to these three restriction enzymes. It was also shown that the respective profiles from these strains were essentially different from those of T. equigenitalis NCTC11184 and those of Kentucky 188 after digestion with ApaI, NaeI or NotI.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies of lactitol (NS-4) (1)--Fertility study in rats by oral administration].

A study of fertility and fetal development was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. Male rats were given lactitol, a hepatic encephalopathy drug, orally from 63 days before mating to the end of mating period. Female rats were given from 14 days before mating to day 7 of pregnancy. The dose levels for both males and females were 0 (control), 0.7, 2.65 and 10 g/kg. The females were sacrificed on day 20 of pregnancy for examination of their fetuses. The decrease in food consumption in either male or female was observed in the intermediate and high dose groups. The high dose caused soft stool, diarrhea and increase in water consumption in either male or female. Moreover, the high dose caused salivation and suppression of body weight gain in male. In the pathological examination, the enlargement of cecum were observed in male of the intermediate and high dose groups. The increase in cecum weight were observed in male in all lactitol groups, and in female of the high dose group. Lactitol did not affect on copulation and fertility indexes in either male or female rats. Lactitol failed to affect on estrous cycle in female rats, and number of corpora lutea, implantations and preimplantation egg losses. In the fetal examination, lactitol did not affect on the development of live fetuses. The results show that no-effect dose levels of lactitol are less than 0.7 g/kg in male rats and 0.7 g/kg in female rats for general toxicity, and 10 g/kg for reproductive function in parent animals and fetuses.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

[Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies of lactitol (NS-4) (2)--Teratogenicity study in rats by oral administration].

A teratogenicity study of lactitol, a hepatic encephalopathy drug, was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. Female rats were given lactitol orally at dose levels of 0 (control), 0.7, 2.65 and 10 g/kg from day 7 to day 17 of pregnancy. Twenty-two female rats per dose level were sacrificed on day 20 of pregnancy for examination of their fetuses, and thirteen pregnant rats per dose level were allowed to deliver naturally for postnatal examination of their offspring. The high dose of lactitol caused diarrhea or soft stool in pregnant rats. The food consumption of female rats decreased in the intermediate and high dose groups. The water consumption of female rats increased in the high dose group. The drug failed to alter the body weight of female rats. The weights of cecum of dams increased in the intermediate and high dose group. The high dose caused enlargement of cecum in dams. The drug failed to alter the numbers of corpora lutea and implantations, fetal mortality, the number of live fetuses, body weight of live fetus, sex ratio, and external, visceral and skeletal development of fetuses. Lactitol did not affect the delivery of dams, the number of live newborns, birth index, external development, body weight, viability index, weaning index, and sex ratio of weanlings. Nor did lactitol have any adverse effect on the postnatal development of the first (F1) generation offspring, such as differentiation, emotionality, motor ability, learning ability or reproductive performance. Nor did lactitol have any adverse effect on the second (F2) generation offspring. The results show that no-effect dose levels of lactitol are 0.7 g/kg for general toxicity in mother animals, 10 g/kg for reproductive function in mother animals and their offspring.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1994

[Reproductive and developmental toxicity studies of lactitol (NS-4) (4)--Perinatal and postnatal study in rats by oral administration].

A perinatal and postnatal study of lactitol, a hepatic encephalopathy drug was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. Female rats were given lactitol orally at dose levels of 0 (control), 0.7, 2.65 and 10 g/kg from day 17 of pregnancy to day 21 after delivery. All pregnant rats per level were allowed to deliver naturally for postnatal examination of their offspring. The high dose caused diarrhea or soft stool in dams. The high dose suppressed the body weight of dams during the perinatal period. The food consumption of dams decreased in the intermediate and high dose groups. The water consumption of dams increased in the high dose group. The high dose caused enlargement of cecum and increase of weights of cecum in dams. The drug failed to affect the delivery of dams and gestation index. However, high dose caused prolongation of gestation period. Two dams in the high dose group failed to nurse their all newborns during early lactation. The drug did not affect the number of live newborns, birth index, external appearance, body weight, viability index, weaning index, and sex ratio of weanlings. Nor did lactitol have any adverse effect on the postnatal development of the first (F1) generation offspring, such as differentiation, emotionality, motor ability, learning ability or reproductive performance. Nor did lactitol have any adverse effect on the second (F2) generation offspring. The results show that the no-effect dose levels of lactitol are 0.7 g/kg for general toxicity in mother animals, 2.65 g/kg for reproductive function in mother animals, and 10 g/kg for their offspring.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1994

[Effects of hyperventilation upon the spinal pain modulating system (third report)].

The purpose of this study is to investigate the mechanisms of the effect of hyperventilation on the spinal pain modulating system by using phentolamine. Under enflurane anaesthesia, cats received mid-collicular decerebration and lumbar laminectomy. The spinal cord was transected at T12-L1. WDR cells, responding primarily to noxious peripheral stimuli, were sampled with a microelectrode at the depth of 2,000 microns from the cord dorsum. Following the control period, ventilation was changed to induce hypocapnia of PCO2 20-25 mmHg. After activities were well suppressed, phentolamine 0.5 mg with normal saline 1.0 ml was injected on the spinal cord. Changes of firings were investigated. When normocapnia was resumed, recovery followed. Hypocapnia of PCO2 20-25 mmHg significantly suppressed the activities of WDR cells. Phentolamine significantly antagonized the suppressive effects of hyperventilation upon the activities of WDR cells. Our results suggest that the hyperventilation has suppressive effects on single-unit activity of WDR cell and the mechanisms of those suppressive effects are related to adrenergic pain modulating system.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical evaluation of controlled hypotensive anesthesia with MR7S1].

Efficacy, safety and the optimal dose of MR7S1, an injectable preparation of sodium nitroprusside, were studied in 37 patients (ASA class I and II) under nitrous oxide-oxygen-enflurane anesthesia. MR7S1 was administered by intravenous infusion. The dose of MR7S1 was increased gradually starting from 0.25 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 to the dose which could achieve the target value of systolic blood pressure (80-100 mmHg). Thereafter this dose level was maintained. During the period in which the dose was increased, the blood pressure was reduced in proportion to the rate of administration. With the rate of administration of 1.0 to 3.0 micrograms.kg-1.min-1, a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) was observed compared with the pretreatment level of SBP. During the maintenance period, the SBP was maintained around 80 to 100 mmHg at a rate of administration of 0.25 to 3.5 micrograms.kg-1.min-1. Two out of 37 patients showed a slight decrease in PaO2, but these values returned to normal without any treatment. These findings suggest that MR7S1 is a useful agent to control blood pressure for the hypotensive anesthesia.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The effects of hyperventilation upon the spinal pain modulating system (second report)].

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of hyperventilation on the spinal pain modulating system by using naloxone. Under enflurane anaesthesia, cats were prepared with midcollicular decerebration and lumbar laminectomy. The spinal cord was transected at T12-L1. WDR cells, responding primarily to noxious peripheral stimuli, were sampled with a microelectrode at the depth of 2,000 microns from the cord dorsum. Following the control period, ventilation was adjusted to produce hypocapnia of PCO2 20-25 mmHg. After activities of WDR cells were well suppressed, naloxone 0.1 mg.kg-1 was given intravenously. Changes of firings of WDR cells were investigated. Returning to normocapnia, recovery of firings was followed. Hypocapnia of PCO2 20-25 mmHg significantly suppressed the activities of WDR cells. Naloxone significantly antagonized the suppressive effects of hyperventilation upon the activity of WDR cell. Our results suggest that the hyperventilation has suppressive effects on single-unit activity of WDR cell and the mechanisms of those suppressive effects are related to pain modulating system by endogenous opiates.

Action Potentials↗
PubMed1993

Multiple polyps of esophagus, stomach, colon, and rectum accompanying rectal cancer in a patient with constitutional chromosomal inversion.

BACKGROUND: It has been reported that colorectal carcinomas are caused by a multistage process. In patients with familial adenomatous polyposis, carcinoma of the colorectum frequently develops and occasionally polyps develop in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Chromosomal deletion often is found for chromosomes 5, 17, and 18, on which tumor suppressor genes are located. Furthermore, loss of the alleles of loci on chromosome 3 has been reported in renal cell carcinoma, small cell lung carcinoma, and mixed salivary gland tumor in hereditary and sporadic cases. These data support the concept of a recessive mechanism for the development of human tumors. PATIENTS AND RESULTS: The authors report the case of a 48-year-old woman with rectal cancer accompanied by multiple polyps in the esophagus, stomach, and colorectum. Histologically, the polypoid lesions in the esophagus, stomach, and colorectum showed a thickened mucosa, hyperplastic polyps, and mixed hyperplastic adenomatous polyps, respectively. Karyotype analysis showed 46, xx, inv(3)(p12.2q25.3) in all 20 inspected peripheral lymphocytes. By Southern blot with a c-raf probe, one allele of the c-raf-1 gene, which has been mapped on chromosome 3p25, was deleted from the rearranged chromosome 3 in the peripheral lymphocytes, intact colonic mucosa, and cancer tissue. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the development of hyperplastic polyps and carcinoma of the rectum results from the allelic loss in chromosome 3p, as has been reported for solid tumors at other sites.

Chromosome Aberrations↗
PubMed1993

A quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study of patients with schizophrenia.

Twenty patients with schizophrenia and ten normal control subjects underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain. The volumes of several brain structures were measured using a computer image analysing system. The schizophrenic patients had significantly smaller left parahippocampal volume and larger left temporal horn volume than the control subjects. A larger body of the right lateral ventricle could be estimated in the schizophrenics, but this difference was not significant. In the patient group a non-significant negative correlation was established between the presence of positive symptoms and the left temporal horn volume. There was no significant correlation between the temporal horn and temporal lobe or medial temporal structures. Our results indicate that the left medial temporal structure or left temporal lobe may be involved in schizophrenia and that temporal horn enlargement does not simply represent volume loss of the surrounding tissue.

Adult↗