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Biomedical subjects

Y Hosoya

Publications and source records attributed to Y Hosoya.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The primary afferent projection of the greater petrosal nerve to the solitary complex in the rat, revealed by transganglionic transport of horseradish peroxidase.

The primary afferent projection of the greater petrosal nerve (GPN) to the solitary complex was studied following application of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to the GPN just distal to the geniculate ganglion. Labeled fibers were traced to the most rostral part of the solitary tract. Numerous collaterals entered the solitary complex from its dorsal and lateral aspects, and formed a dense plexus. They terminated in the dorsal half of the medial solitary nucleus at the level of the rostral half of the solitary complex, and in the ventrolateral and commissural nuclei at the level of the caudal half. The densest termination was observed in the medial solitary nucleus. Labeled terminals were found to contain round, clear synaptic vesicles and to make asymmetrical synaptic contacts with dendritic profiles.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1984

Hypothalamic descending afferents to cells of origin of the greater petrosal nerve in the rat, as revealed by a combination of retrograde HRP and anterograde autoradiographic techniques.

Projections from the hypothalamus to cells of origin of the greater petrosal nerve were studied by the HRP and autoradiographic techniques in the rat. After an injection of [3H]amino acids into the hypothalamus and an application of HRP to the greater petrosal nerve, we found that a compact group of HRP-labeled neurons was located within a dense accumulation of silver grains in the nucleus reticularis parvocellularis. The present results show that the hypothalamus projects directly to cells of origin of the greater petrosal nerve.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

A direct hypothalamic projection to the superior salivatory nucleus neurons in the rat. A study using anterograde autoradiographic and retrograde HRP methods.

The location of the superior salivatory nucleus and terminal labelings of the hypothalamic descending fibers were demonstrated in the nucleus reticularis parvocellularis using HRP and the autoradiographic techniques, respectively. When both techniques were used in the same animals, some HRP-labeled neurons were seen among the accumulations of silver grains, suggesting pericellular terminations. The present study demonstrates that the hypothalamic efferents project directly to the superior salivatory nucleus innervating salivary and lacrimal glands.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1982

Spinocerebellar projections to lobules III to V of the anterior lobe in the cat, as studied by retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase.

Spinocerebellar tract (SCT) neurons projecting to lobules III to V of the cerebellar anterior lobe were identified by the retrograde horseradish peroxidase technique. SCT neurons projecting to lobule III with crossed ascending axons were located mainly in the central cervical nucleus (CCN), the medial part of lamina VII of L6 to the caudal segments, and the dorsal horn (lamina V) and ventral horn (lamina VIII) of the sacral-caudal segments. Spinal border cells with crossed ascending axons also projected to lobule III. SCT neurons projecting to this lobule with uncrossed ascending axons were located in the medial part of lamina VI of the cervical segments and the middle part of lamina VII of C6 to T1, lamina V of the lower cervical, thoracic and the lumbar segments, Clarke's column including marginal neurons, and the medial part of lamina VI of L5 and L6. These neuronal groups also projected to lobule IV, except for those present caudal to L6 (in the medial part of lamina VII, and laminae V and VIII of the sacral-caudal segments). A far smaller number of similar neurons projected to lobule V. Injections of HRP restricted to the vermal region labeled mainly neurons in the CCN and Clarke's column while restricted injections to the intermediate-lateral regions labeled ipsilaterally spinal border cells, lamina V neurons, and Clarke column neurons, especially of the lumbar segments as well as marginal neurons of this column.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1981

Brainstem projections from the lateral hypothalamic area in the rat, as studied with autoradiography.

Descending projections from the lateral hypothalamic area to the brainstem were studied, using [3H]-amino acid autoradiography, in the rat. Two main ipsilateral paths were reorganized. One is the periventricular fiber system projecting to the midbrain central gray. The other is a fiber system which eventually descends the central tegmental field, projecting strongly to the dorsal raphe nucleus, medial and lateral parabrachial nuclei, nucleus reticularis parvocellularis, solitary nuclei and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve. Sparse projections were observed to the nuclei raphe magnus, obscurus and pallidus, group B3 (or the ventrolateral subpial group) and spinal trigeminal nucleus.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

A direct projection from the hypothalamus to the area postrema in the rat, as demonstrated by the HRP and autoradiographic methods.

A direct hypothalamic afferent to the area postrema was found in the rat. After an injection of tritiated amino acids into the hypothalamus, labeled fibers and terminals were observed in the entire part of the area postrema, with dense patches of silver grains present in places. Cells of origin of this novel projection were identified with the retrograde horseradish peroxidase (HRP) method in the dorsal hypothalamic area at the most rostral level of the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1981

Descending projections from the spinal and mesencephalic nuclei of the trigeminal nerve to the spinal cord in the cat. A study with the horseradish peroxidase technique.

Descending projections from the spinal (Vsp) and the mesencephalic nuclei (Vme) of the trigeminal nerve to the spinal cord were studied by means of the retrograde horseradish peroxidase technique in the cat. The number of labeled neurons was largest in the case of high cervical injections and decreased as the injections were placed caudally. Small laminae III and IV neurons of the nucleus caudalis (Vc) were labeled ipsilaterally following injections placed as caudally as the middle cervical segments (C4-C5). Lamina I (marginal) neurons of the Vc were labeled ipsilaterally after injections at the middle thoracic level (T6) but those of C1 were labeled after lumbar injections (L3). Lamina V neurons of C1 and the medullary counterparts were labeled bilaterally after injections placed caudally to thoracic segments. A few small neurons were labeled in the ipsilateral nucleus interpolaris (Vi) after injections placed as caudally as the middle cervical segments (C6). Among the subdivisions of the Vsp, the labeled neurons were most numerous in the nucleus oralis (Vo). They were medium-sized and large, and appeared bilaterally, with an ipsilateral predominance at the level of the superior olive. The great majority projected to the cervical segments but a few also projected to the lower cervical to the thoracic segments (C8-T9). Neurons of the Vme projected ipsilaterally to the upper cervical segments (C1-C3). No projections were found from the principal sensory nucleus. The present study suggests that the trigeminospinal projections of the Vsp and the Vme are composed of various cells of origin and thereby subserve not only the trigeminospinal reflex but other unknown functions.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Uptake of 3H-GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) and 3H-leucine in the pancreatic islets and substantia nigra of the rat.

Isolated pancreatic islets and thin slices of substantia nigra (SN) of the rat were incubated in a medium containing 3H-GABA or 3H-leucine to test the activity of both tissues in the uptake of those substances. Pancreatic islets showed a low uptake of both 3H-GABA and 3H-leucine, but SN had a high activity in the uptake of 3H-GABA, though not for 3H-leucine. This suggests that GABA contained at high levels in the pancreatic islets some functional role other than in neurotransmission as in the central nervous system (CNS).

Animals↗
PubMed1980

The distribution of spinal projection neurons in the hypothalamus of the rat, studied with the HRP method.

The distribution and number of hypothalamospinal tract (HST) neurons were studied following injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) at various levels of the rat spinal cord. The hypothalamus was divided into four areas and one nucleus, that is, the dorsal (DHA), posterior (PHA), medial (MHA) and lateral (LHA) hypothalamic areas and the paraventricular nucleus (PVN). The total numbers of HST neurons labeled with HRP varied according to the injection levels: 6,160 (C2 injections), 3,808 (T8), 1,961 (L1), 919 (L7) and 13 (S4). With C2 injections LHA contained 3,464 neurons, which accounted for 56% of the full number of HST neurons; similarly, PVN, 1,114 (18%); MHA, 865 (14%); DHA and PHA, 817 (12%). With L7 injections, LHA contained 444 labeled neurons, which accounted for 48% of the total; PVN, 327 (36%); MHA, 71 (8%); DHA with PHA, 77 (8%). As for the rostrocaudal distribution of labeled neurons, there was only a slight difference between the C2 and L6 injections in LHA, but no difference was noticed in PVN, DHA nor PHA. The present findings suggest that 70% of HST neurons may project to the cervical and thoracic cords. Although the number of labeled HST neurons decreased as the injection sites were placed caudally, no clearcut topographical arrangement was recognized in terms of the spinal projection levels.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Cells of origin of the descending afferents to the lateral hypothalamic area in the rat, studied with the horseradish peroxidase method.

Cells of origin of the descending afferents to the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) were examined following iontophoretic injections of horseradish peroxidase (HRP). HRP-positive neurons were found ipsilaterally and mainly in the following structures: the infralimbic cortex (area 25), septal area including the nucleus of the diagonal band, nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, medial and lateral preoptic areas, preoptic magnocellular nucleus, substantia innominata, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the central amygdaloid nucleus. Of these, neurons of the nucleus accumbens, olfactory tubercle, preoptic magnocellular nucleus and substantia innominata were preferentially labeled when the enzyme was deposited in the lateral part of the LHA.

Afferent Pathways↗