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Biomedical subjects

Y Hosaka

Publications and source records attributed to Y Hosaka.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Low susceptibility of analbuminemic rats to induction of bladder cancer by N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide.

The susceptibility of analbuminemic rats (Nagase analbuminemic rats; NAR) to induction of bladder cancer by oral N-[4-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-2-thiazolyl]formamide (FANFT) was studied. Male NAR and Sprague-Dawley rats (SD) were fed normal diet or normal diet supplemented with 0.2% FANFT for 10 weeks and killed in week 52. Bladder cancer was found in 5 of 24 SD (21%) but not in 18 NAR (0%). Proliferative lesions of the bladder epithelium, which are considered to be precancerous or more advanced than precancerous changes, were found in 16 of 24 SD (67%), but in only 4 of 18 NAR (22%). NAR showed lower susceptibility than control SD to induction of bladder cancer by FANFT.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Monostotic fibrous dysplasia in the parietal bone: a case report].

In this paper a case of monostotic fibrous dysplasia in the left parietal bone is described. This 51-year-old female was admitted to our hospital for a head injury on January 12, 1983, and a flat, painless hump (7 X 7cm) was incidentally found in the left parietal region. Plain x-ray film of the skull showed a multicystic lesion with slightly sclerotic margin in the left parietal bone, and outward bulging of the outer table without destruction of the inner table in tangential view. CT scan at the level of bone window clearly demonstrated the same abnormality and intradiploic mass separated by some bony septums. Angiography revealed no positive findings, but RI bone scan (99m Tc) showed an abnormal uptake in this lesion. On February 1, 1983, operation was performed to verify the nature of the lesion and for relief of the left-sided headache. Post operative course was uneventful. Histological findings of this mass were of inactive fibrous dysplasia with fibrous tissue replacing the normal bone and surrounded by island or scorlled edge of bones. Monostotic fibrous dysplasia in the cranial vault is rare. It is often possible to make diagnosis in this disease on the clinical course, plain x-ray film and CT scan showing cystic findings and outer table bulging, and RI scan demonstrating abnormal uptake.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Contusions↗
PubMed1984

The presence of anti-sheep red blood cell heterophile antibodies and their characteristics in murine schistosomiasis japonica.

Sensitive methods of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using red blood cells (RBC) have been developed and were applied to the detection of anti-sheep red blood cell (SRBC) heterophile antibodies (Ab) present in sera of Schistosoma japonicum (SJ)-infected mice. The indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) was used for the purpose as well. By these methods a significant increase in the heterophile Ab levels was demonstrated in the mice particularly after 6-10 weeks of infection. The heterophile Ab in SJ-infected mice were predominantly immunoglobulins resistant to 2-mercaptoethanol treatment and had temperature-independent reactivity. In an attempt to investigate the immunological specificity of the heterophile Ab, various absorption tests were performed; Davidsohn's differential absorption test revealed that the heterophile Ab were distinct from Forssman antibody, Paul-Bunnell antibody and heterophile agglutinins known to appear in serum sickness. The heterophile Ab were absorbed only with SRBC and goat red blood cells, not with other species of RBC such as human O Rh-, O Rh+, A Rh+, B Rh+, mouse, ox, chicken, horse, rabbit, guinea pig, and rat RBC, or syngeneic tissue homogenates including brain, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, muscle, and thymus. This heterophile antibody response is not a consequence of a specific immune response directed to the antigens of SJ parasites, since absorption of the heterophile Ab with SJ adult worms or an egg preparation did not reduce the heterophile Ab level.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Study of negatively stained images of Sendai virus nucleocapsids using minimum-dose system.

Using minimum-dose system and optical diffraction, effects of electron irradiation on negatively stained images of trypsin-straightened nucleocapsids of Sendai virus were semiquantitatively compared for uranyl-acetate (UA) and phosphotungstic acid (PTA). The results confirmed the superiority of UA in display of fine structures and showed that both UA- and PTA-stained images tended to turn from a one-sided to a two-sided image during irradiation, the general contrast of the picture increased in the UA-stained images but not in the PTA-stained ones, and furthermore the electron doses for the richest information were 18 000 to 30 000 e-/nm2 for UA, but 1000 e-/nm2 for PTA, under the condition used. The optical diffraction patterns of the UA-stained nucleocapsids, its analysis by the superposition method, and rotational harmonics of end-on views of nucleocapsids, together indicated that the most probable arrangement of subunits was 13 per turn of a helix with 5-nm periodicity. This helix also had an arrangement of subunits parallel to the axis. The occurrence of 2.5 nm periodicity was probably produced by an arrangement of a UA-penetrable concave substructure of the subunit.

Capsid↗
PubMed1983

Fusion of Sendai viruses or subviral envelope components with chicken erythrocytes observed by freeze-fracture electron microscopy.

Four different types of envelope of Sendai virus or subviral components, that is, infectious and non-infectious virions, reassembled envelope particles (REP), and Tween-ether-treated envelope fragments (TE), were studied comparatively for membrane interactions with chicken erythrocytes by freeze-fracture electron microscopy, specifically for membrane alteration by envelope fusion. The freeze-fracture replicas of the attachment of the four envelopes in the cold exhibited a common pattern of impressions with attached envelopes, although the fracture plane traversed from erythrocyte to envelope at the periphery of the contact areas of three of the envelopes but not of TE, where the fracture plane mostly cut only through erythrocyte membranes impressed with TE. The freeze-fracture replicas of the four envelopes reacting with erythrocytes after a short incubation period at 37 C exhibited distinctive features: infectious virions and REP displayed evidence of envelope fusion, but non-infectious virions and TE showed a particular pattern of envelope association without fusion. Our data demonstrate that the pattern specific for envelope fusion is the formation of a continuous membrane from envelope to cell membrane in a cross fracture of an erythrocyte.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Component(s) of Sendai virus that can induce interferon in mouse spleen cells.

To identify the active component of Sendai virus that induces interferon in mouse spleen cells, infectious and noninfectious viruses, envelope particles derived from them, and isolated hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) glycoproteins were examined for interferon induction. The interaction between membranous structures containing Sendai virus HN glycoprotein and the receptors on the cell surface was shown to be sufficient for interferon induction in mouse spleen cells, suggesting that the actual inducer of interferon in mouse spleen cells is the HN glycoprotein of Sendai virus. When mouse spleen cells were stimulated in vitro with Sendai virus grown in eggs or LLC-MK2 cells or with membranous structures containing glycoproteins obtained from these viruses, interferon could be detected in the culture fluid. Furthermore, isolated HN glycoprotein per se could induce interferon in the cells. A linear correlation was found between the titer of interferon induced and the hemagglutinating activity of the membranous structure containing the HN glycoprotein. It was concluded from these findings that HN glycoprotein was the active component of Sendai virus responsible for interferon induction in mouse spleen cells and that viral RNA and F glycoprotein were not required. The results also showed that the interaction between HN glycoprotein and receptors on the cell surface triggered production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta). Although when Sendai virus was incubated at 56 degrees C for 5 min it lost its hemolytic and hemagglutinating activities, it induced a considerable amount of interferon in the culture fluid of mouse spleen cells. The interferon-inducing ability of heat-inactivated virus could be absorbed with mouse spleen cells but not with sheep erythrocytes or mouse erythrocytes, indicating that the inactivated virus retained ability to bind to mouse lymphoid cells.

Animals↗