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Biomedical subjects

Y Horiuchi

Publications and source records attributed to Y Horiuchi.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Combination chemotherapy with FP versus FEP in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Research group of gastric cancer chemotherapy].

Forty-eight patients with unresectable gastric cancer were enrolled for a randomized trial of FP (n = 24) vs FEP (n = 24) combination chemotherapy with respect to their effects on survival period. Of these, excluding 7 patients, 21 in FP group were treated with 400 mg/m2 UFT po daily and 50 mg/m2 CDDP i.v. on days 1 and 8 every 4 weeks, and 20 in FEP group were treated with 400 mg/m2 UFT po daily, 50 mg/m2 etoposide iv and 50 mg/m2 CDDP i.v. on days 1 and 8 every 4 weeks. In FP group, 10 PR in primary lesions were observed with an overall response rate of 52.4%. In FEP group, 5 PR in primary lesions were observed with an overall response rate of 35.0%. Toxicities over Grade 3 were anorexia (35%), vomiting (25%), and leukopenia (12%), which were manageable. The 50% survival time in FP and FEP group was 233 and 176 days, respectively. Because of the high response rate and prolongation of the survival period, combination chemotherapy with FP seemed to be useful for the treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Increased levels of active pertussis toxin may aid a pertussis vaccine to pass the mouse body weight gain test.

The mouse weight gain test was evaluated for its value in toxicity testing for pertussis vaccines. When the reference whole cell pertussis vaccine was tested at dilutions of 1 in 1 and 1 in 16, the mice which received the 1 in 1 dilution achieved the greatest weight gain by the seventh day of injection, although they experienced a more significant weight loss during the first 24 hours than both the normal control mice or those that received the 1 in 16 dilution. A commercial diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccine with an increased level of pertussis toxin activity significantly accelerated the weight gain of mice. The effect was lost by heating the vaccine at 80 degrees C for 2 hours. A 1 micrograms dose of endotoxin induced a significant weight loss in mice during the first 24 hours of injection followed by weight gain at the same rate as that of the normal control. Pertussis toxin accelerated the weight gain of mice at a dose of 2 micrograms to a level exceeding that of the normal control mice throughout the observation period of 11 days. Pertussis toxin, when inoculated with endotoxin, showed a marked effect of helping mice to recover quickly from the endotoxin-induced initial weight loss to the level of those receiving only pertussis toxin. The effect of pertussis toxin on the acceleration of the weight gain of mice showed the possibility of inappropriate interpretation of the test results. It suggests, therefore, the necessity for separate quantitative tests for controlling the vaccine's toxicities.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Expression of adhesion molecules and HLA-DR by macrophages and dendritic cells in aphthoid lesions of Crohn's disease: an immunocytochemical study.

The phenotypes and ultrastructure of macrophages and dendritic cells in aphthoid lesions of the colon were immunocytochemically observed in patients with Crohn's disease. Biopsy specimens were endoscopically obtained from both aphthoid and advanced lesions in Crohn's disease patients. Biopsy specimens obtained from patients with infectious colitis and from normal individuals served as controls. Aphthoid lesions contained densely aggregated CD68+ macrophages, which were surrounded by numerous ID-1+ dendritic cells. In the normal controls and infectious colitis patients, however, a few scattered CD68+ macrophages and ID-1+ dendritic cells were noted beneath the surface epithelium. CD3+ lymphocytes were significantly increased in both aphthoid and advanced lesions of Crohn's disease, but the CD4/CD8 ratio was similar in all groups studied. The double immunoperoxidase staining method revealed that both CD68+ macrophages and ID-1+ dendritic cells in the aphthoid lesions simultaneously expressed ICAM-1 and HLA-DR antigens. Electronmicroscopic observation revealed that CD68+ macrophages had numerous vesicles and lysosomal granules and few projections, and that ID-1+ dendritic cells had appreciable cytoplasmic protrusions with a few vacuoles. These findings suggested that the colonic mucosa in Crohn's disease contained two types of macrophage/dendritic cells in the same lineage that expressed intercellular adhesion molecules and class-II MHC antigens. It also appeared that the aphthoid lesions of Crohn's disease featured an increase in macrophages and dendritic cells consistent with immunological activation.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for esophageal varices during pregnancy.

Pregnancy is uncommon in patients with portal hypertension, and the correct treatment for pregnant women with esophageal varices has not yet been established. There have been only a few reports on endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) during pregnancy for the control of variceal bleeding. Here we report two women with esophageal varices who underwent EIS. One was a pregnant woman with variceal hemorrhage who was saved by emergency EIS and was delivered safely. The second woman underwent prophylactic EIS for esophageal varices before becoming pregnant. This woman later gave birth uneventfully. Thus EIS appears to be a useful treatment for pregnant women with esophageal varices.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Immunohistochemical study of elevated expression of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)-related antigens in erythrodermic epidermis.

Using immunohistochemical staining with the monoclonal antibodies (mAb) of squamous cell carcinoma-related antigens (SCC-RAg), the expression of SCC-RAg in erythrodermic epidermis, which included senile erythroderma following eczema, atopic erythroderma, psoriatic erythroderma, and Sézary syndrome was examined. In senile erythroderma and atopic dermatitis, the most intense staining with SCC-RAg mAb was evident in the upper epidermis. The cytoplasm of epidermal cells showed particularly strong staining. Although serum SCC-RAg in the Sézary syndrome was not as high as in other erythroderma patients, staining with SCC-RAg mAb was relatively strong in the upper epidermis. However, in psoriatic erythroderma cases with severe skin conditions, staining was weakly positive and diffuse throughout the entire epidermis. Following treatment, SCC-RAg decreased significantly with remission. Elevated SCC-RAg release may be attributed to epidermal cells, and SCC-RAg should prove useful as a clinical marker of erythroderma.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A biomechanical analysis of pronation-supination of the forearm using magnetic resonance imaging: dynamic changes of the interosseous membrane of the forearm during pronation-supination].

A magnetic resonance (MR) study was performed using a 0.5 tesla system to investigate the behavior of the interosseous membrane of the forearm during pronation-supination and to evaluate the influence of pronation-supination loading in the neutral position. The right forearm was examined in twenty volunteers at the proximal fourth part, middle part and distal fourth part of the forearm. Slices were examined at maximum pronation, 45 degrees pronation, neutral, 45 degrees supination and at maximum supination. A 0.1 Nm torque in both rotational directions was added in the neutral position. The MR image of the interosseous membrane of the forearm was a thin line with low contrast in the neutral position. The tendinous portion and membranous portions of the interosseous membrane could be differentiated. At maximum pronation and at maximum supination, the interosseous membrane was flexed, caused mainly by the relaxation in the membranous portion. The radius shifted slightly volarly to the ulna at maximum pronation, caused by the incongruity of the distal radioulnar joint. The radius shifted dorsally with pronation loading, and shifted volarly with supination loading. The inelasticity of the membranous portion of the interosseous membrane may be responsible for pronation-supination contracture, while rotational loading may be a cause of the distal radioulnar joint dislocation. These studies suggest that this technique is useful for further in vivo studies of kinesiology.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Clinical analysis of benign tumors of the lung].

Benign tumors of the lung occur in low frequency, but its differential diagnosis from malignant tumors such as lung cancer is important. This paper presents as analysis of clinical features of 26 cases operated on for benign tumor of the lung. Histologically there were 15 hamartomas, 8 sclerosing hemangiomas, 2 inflammatory pseudotumors and one clear cell tumor. The roentgenographic appearances were well defined circumscribed solitary nodules in 17 cases (65%), and lobulation and spiculation in 9. Histological diagnosis of benign tumors was not obtained in all cases preoperatively. Minimal resection procedures were performed in 22 cases (85%). No postoperative complications developed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

A comparison of newborn versus old skin fibroblasts, their potential for tissue repair.

An assessment was made of the ability of human skin fibroblasts from newborn and old subjects to produce intracellular urokinase inhibitor and urokinase-plasminogen activator when exposed to phorbol myristate acetate. Urokinase inhibitor produced by human skin fibroblasts may be essential for cell growth regulation. The expression of urokinase inhibitor and/or urokinase-plasminogen activator may possibly be age-related. The principal observation that newborn skin fibroblasts show a low level and poorly sustained production of intracellular inhibitors of urokinase could help to explain the flexibility of the wound healing process in the foetus.

Blood Proteins↗
PubMed1993

Preparation of heptakis(2,6-di-O-ethyl)-beta-cyclodextrin and its nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic characterization.

Heptakis(2,6-di-O-ethyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (DE-beta-CyD) was prepared and its 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals in DMSO-d6 were unequivocally assigned by two-dimensional COSY and ROESY. The results on 1H coupling constants indicated that all ethylated glucose units are in a 4C1 chair conformation. The average spin-lattice relaxation times (T1) of ring carbons of DE-beta-CyD were only slightly shorter, and their standard deviations from the mean T1 value were larger, than those of beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CyD) and heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (DM-beta-CyD), suggesting the presence of slightly irregular internal motion in the ethylated glucose units. The temperature dependence of chemical shift of DE-beta-CyD in DMSO-d6 suggested that the C3 hydroxyl protons may participate as proton donor in the intramolecular hydrogen bond to the C2 ethoxyl groups of neighboring glucose, and the intramolecular hydrogen bond of DE- and DM-beta-CyDs is much stronger than that of beta-CyD, suggesting the stable macrocyclic ring structure of DE-beta-CyD.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1993

Dating the primigenial C4-CYP21 duplication in primates.

C4 and CYP21 are two adjacent, but functionally unrelated genes residing in the middle of the mammalian major histocompatibility complex (Mhc). The C4 gene codes for the fourth component of the complement cascade, whereas the CYP21 gene specifies an enzyme (cytochrome P450c21) of the glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid pathways. The genes occur frequently in multiple copies on a single chromosome arranged in the order C4 ... CYP21 ... C4 ... CYP21. The unit of duplication (a module) is the C4-CYP21 gene pair. We sequenced the flanking regions of the C4-CYP21 modules and the intermodular regions of the chimpanzee, gorilla, and orangutan, as well as the intermodular region of an Old World monkey, the pigtail macaque. By aligning the sequences, we could identify the duplication breakpoints in these species. The breakpoint turned out to be at exactly the same position as that found previously in humans. The sequences flanking paralogous genes in the same species were found to be more similar to one another than sequences flanking orthologous genes in different species. We interpret these results as indicating that the original (primigenial) duplication occurred before the separation of apes from Old World monkeys more than 23 million years ago. The nature of the sequence at the breakpoint suggests that the duplication occurred by nonhomologous recombination. Since then, the C4-CYP21 haplotypes have been expanding and contracting by homologous crossing over which has homogenized the sequences in each species.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Significance of elevated serum squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)-related antigen and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in senile erythroderma following eczema.

Clinical and laboratory tests were used to evaluate fourteen patients with senile erythroderma following eczema, and the results were compared with those from four patients with psoriatic erythroderma, two with Sézary syndrome, and twelve with prurigo chronica multiformis or nummular dermatitis. Characteristic laboratory findings included elevated serum squamous cell carcinoma-related antigens (SCC-RAg), high lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), peripheral-blood eosinophilia, and a decreased peripheral blood lymphocyte percentage. Following treatment, titers of SCC-RAg and LDH resumed normal levels with remission. In patients with senile erythroderma following eczema, serum IgE was quite high and varied but, in a few instances, was within the normal range. SCC-RAg and LDH may thus be considered useful as markers for evaluating disease conditions of the skin of patients with senile erythroderma following eczema.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

Erythroderma, hair loss, and sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy in a XYY-male.

This paper presents a case of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML) presenting as erythroderma in an XYY-male aged 27. The patient had little or no scalp, axillary, or pubic hair. Histologically, lymph nodes indicated dilatation of the sinuses with proliferation of benign-appearing histiocytes possessing abundant clear cytoplasm, admixed with giant cells and pericapsular fibrosis. Infiltrating histiocytes in the lymph nodes were OKM-1 (CD11b) positive, which is characteristic of monocyte-granulocyte lineages. In the present case, the abnormal presence of erythroderma, hair loss, SHML, and a chromosomal abnormality, XYY, were thought to be incidental features.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Surgical approach to the nasal valve stenosis].

Nasal valve, originally defined by Mink (1903), has changed its concept and is now regarded as slit-like opening between the caudal end of the upper lateral cartilage and the septum. Contrary to Caucasians whose smallest area of the nose lies at the nasal valve, the narrowest part of Japanese nose situates at the area between the anterior portion of the inferior turbinate and the septum. Thus, we have fewer chance to experience patients with stenotic nasal valve. Six patients complaining nasal obstruction resulted from nasal valve stenosis, mainly due to dislocated or collapsed upper lateral cartilage, underwent surgery during the last 2 years and a half. Cases of septal deformity, even it it produced valve stenosis, were excluded in this study. Surgical intervention was directed toward reconstruction of normal anatomic relationships, usually by widening the nasal valve angle and preventing collapsibility. Three underwent open rhinoplasty with gull-wing columellar skin incision, whereas 3 others were operated on via transnostril approach. History of midfacial trauma caused us to choose open rhinoplasty for restoring the function and structure. Immediate postoperative result was excellent in the aspect of appearance and subjective data regardless of surgical approach. Open rhinoplasty provided a splendid long-term result without remarkable complications. On the other hand, 2 cases operated via transnostril approach complained recurrence of stuffy nose.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Two different histamine-sensitizing activities of pertussis vaccine observed in mice on the 4th and 12th days of sensitization.

The histamine-sensitizing (HS) activities of commercial precipitated diphtheria-tetanus-purified pertussis combined vaccines (DTP) submitted to the national quality control tests during the period from 1980 to 1991 were measured in mice on days 4 (EHS) and 12 (LHS) of sensitization. Annual averages of the EHS activity of the vaccines showed continuous decline during the period, while the LHS activity stayed unchanged except for 1990 and 1991. Correlation analysis between these two HS activities revealed that the vaccines could be differentiated into two groups, those showing a significant correlation and those lacking it, depending on their source manufacturers. When the vaccine was incubated at 37 C for four weeks, both the HS activities increased for the first couple of weeks at different rates, reaching their peaks after different periods; three weeks for the EHS activity and two weeks for the LHS activity. Treating the reference pertussis vaccine (for toxicity tests) with anti-pertussis toxin horse serum neutralized completely the EHS activity but the LHS activity resisted the serum. These findings suggest a possible difference between the two HS activities in their mode of action, therefore, in their roles in possible reactogenicity of the vaccine, and a necessity for separate controls of the two activities.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[A comparative study between urinary metabolites of sustained-release theophylline and theophylline clearance in clinical use].

The relationships between changes in urinary metabolites and theophylline clearance were studied in 40 asthmatic children for each steady state phase. Urinary excretion of 1MU, DMU, 3MX increased with age. There were direct correlations between urinary metabolites, while urinary unchanged theophylline decreased and there was an inverse correlation between urinary metabolites. There was a significant correlation between the excretion of unchanged theophylline and 3MX (r = 0.597, p < 0.0001). The values of renal clearance and hepatic clearance also decreased with age. The changes in hepatic clearance were greater than those of renal clearance and showed a low correlation with unchanged theophylline (r = 0.247, p < 0.002), while the changes in renal clearance were high correlation with those of unchanged theophylline in urine. These changes were significant (r = 0.833, p < 0.0001). The changes in theophylline metabolites and its clearance are clinically important because the effective therapeutic range is narrow. Therefore, we concluded that it would be useful to determine the appropriate administration schedule of theophylline considering changes in renal clearance and urinary unchanged theophylline in different age groups.

Adolescent↗