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Biomedical subjects

Y Hatanaka

Publications and source records attributed to Y Hatanaka.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Changes in the properties and composition of zona pellucida of pigs during fertilization in vitro.

Several hundred fertilized pig eggs were prepared by an in vitro fertilization (IVF) technique in which follicular phase ovarian eggs were matured in vitro to metaphase II before incubation with capacitated epididymal spermatozoa for 12 h at 39 degrees C. Parthenogenetic eggs were also prepared by stimulation of the mature eggs with an electric pulse. The zonae were solubilized with 0.2% pronase/phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or lactic acid/PBS. The time taken for solubilization was 30-40% shorter than for unfertilized eggs, indicating that zona hardening was induced during fertilization. At the same time, the sperm receptor activity of the zona was reduced. Electrophoretic analyses of zona glycoproteins from the ovarian, mature and fertilized eggs revealed that the amount of 90 kDa proteins decreased substantially during fertilization. This fraction could barely be detected in the zonae from parthenogenetic eggs. However, modification with a fluorescent probe showed that the general architecture of the zona remained unchanged during fertilization. These results suggest that the minor 90 kDa proteins are specifically degraded by the protease(s) released from the oocyte at fertilization, thereby leading to the block to polyspermy.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[CT appearance of small renal angiomyolipoma].

Twenty-six small renal angiomyolipomas (AML) in 21-patients, detected incidentally by ultrasonography, were evaluated with CT. Conventional CT findings of AML were classified into three types by the degree of the fatty areas in the mass. Type 1 is a mainly fat density mass like a lipoma observed in 7 lesions (26.9%). Type 2 is a fatty mass intermixed with areas of tissue density and found in 15 lesions (57.7%). Type 3 is a mass without fatty portion and observed in 4 lesions (15.4%). These latter lesions were indistinguishable from renal cell carcinoma on CT. It is important to diagnose a small lesion of the kidney as AML correctly for proper treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Prognostic factors in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with transcatheter arterial embolization and arterial infusion.

From January 1986 to December 1988, a prospective trial of transcatheter arterial treatment was carried out for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Two hundred seventy-five patients were included. Okuda's staging system was employed. Patients with Stage I and II HCC were treated by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) with a gelatin sponge containing an anti-cancer agent (protocol 1a); a gelatin sponge and iodized oil mixed with an anti-cancer agent (protocol 1b); or iodized oil mixed with an anti-cancer agent (protocol 2). Patients with Stage III HCC were treated with iodized oil with anti-cancer agent (protocol 2). As an exception, patients with an unsuccessful superselective catheterization into the proper hepatic artery by Seldinger technique or obstruction of the main trunk of the portal vein were treated with percutaneous transcatheter arterial infusion into the common hepatic artery regardless of stage (protocol 3). Tumor type and extension, area of tumor involvement, portal vein involvement, method of treatment, and presence of ascites and icterus were found to be the significant factors for an initial response to therapy. Treatment method was the most important factor. Respective survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 70.9% and 55.3% for protocol 1a; 62.3% and 43.8% for protocol 1b; 37.8% and 18.3% for protocol 2; and 16.5% and 0% for protocol 3. Many factors proved to significantly influenced prognosis; however, tumor type had the most important prognostic significance followed by AFP value, ascites, treatment protocol, and area of tumor involvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Application of colorimetric microdilution plate hybridization for rapid genetic identification of 22 Mycobacterium species.

Quantitative microdilution plate hybridization was used to identify 22 Mycobacterium species. DNAs of clinical strains were rapidly extracted and labeled with photoreactive biotin. Labeled DNAs were distributed into wells of a microdilution plate in which reference DNAs had been immobilized. After 2 h of hybridization, hybridized DNAs were quantitatively detected with peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin and the substrate, tetramethylbenzidine. This method could differentiate among 20 of the 22 Mycobacterium species tested. The type strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. bovis were genetically highly related and could not be differentiated by this method. Of 194 biochemically identified human clinical strains, 178 (90%) were genetically identified within 3 h of the small-scale DNA extraction.

Aminosalicylic Acid↗
PubMed1990

Further fractionation of the glycoprotein families of porcine zona pellucida by anion-exchange HPLC and some characterization of the separated fractions.

The glycoproteins of porcine zonae pellucidae have been fractionated into three families (PZP1-3) by gel filtration HPLC [Nakano et al. (1987) Biochem. Int. 14, 417-423]. However, they still comprise heterogeneous molecular species differing in electric charge. We found that sulfate, but not phosphate, is contained in PZP1-3 by a simple and rapid method for microanalysis of the anionic groups. These families were efficiently separated into many fractions by anion-exchange HPLC. When elution was performed by stepwise increase in NaCl concentration in 8 M urea/20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, a single distinctive peak emerged for each step. The analyses of amino acids, monosaccharides, and anions of the eight separated fractions of the major family, PZP3, showed that larger amounts of sulfated lactosamine linked to the constituent proteins are present in the fractions that are eluted later: the chain length and/or the chain number of these polylactosamines and the sulfate content increased with stepwise increase in NaCl concentration. Composition analyses also revealed that twice as much N-glycolylneuraminic acid is present as N-acetylneuraminic acid in all fractions. The contents of these sialic acids in the fractions slightly increased in the order of elution. These results together with those of the analyses of endo-beta-galactosidase digests showed that the charge heterogeneity of the porcine zona proteins is due mainly to differences in the amount of sulfated lactosamine, which is predominantly distributed in the non-reducing regions of the sugar chains.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1990

Synthesis of mu-conotoxin GIIIA: a chemical probe for sodium channels.

mu-Conotoxin GIIIA, a 22 amino acid peptide paralytic toxin which inhibits the muscle voltage-activated sodium channels, was synthesized by a solid phase method. No purification of intermediates was necessary for the synthesis, and a simple air oxidation of the deprotected crude peptide gave the desired toxin. By all criteria applied, the synthetic material was indistinguishable from the authentic natural toxin.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

Photoaffinity labeling of the electroplax sodium channel with tetrodotoxin derivatives. II. Comparison of the photoreactivity of different photoactivable groups in the tetrodotoxin binding site.

Four photoactivable tetrodotoxin (TTX) derivatives and the corresponding tritiated compounds were synthesized and purified. The photoactivable groups introduced were a nitro-azidophenyl (NAP) group and a trifluoromethyl diazirinobenzoyl (TDB) group, as nitrene and carbene precursors, respectively, as well as two isomers of the fluoro-nitrophenoxy group, a new photoreactive group selective for nucleophiles. The binding affinities of the four derivatives to the sodium channel were similar to that of TTX, but the values of specific photoincorporation were unexpectedly low (up to 2.5%), suggesting that the photoactivable groups are likely to be oriented unfavorably for labeling reactions in the TTX binding site. Two of the labeled sodium channel proteins were purified and digested. Peptides labeled with TTXenNAP lost most of the label during high performance liquid chromatography in 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid-acetonitrile, while peptides labeled with TTXenTDB retained the labels during the procedures. The TTXenTDB-labeled peptides were eluted in four major fractions with 80% recovery of the amount applied on a reverse-phased C4 column. However, further purification is necessary to identify the labeled sites of the peptides.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Prognostic factors in liver metastases after transcatheter arterial embolization or arterial infusion.

From January 1986 to December 1988, 85 patients (55 men and 30 women, mean age 59 years) with metastatic liver tumors were treated with hepatic artery embolization (TAE) or infusion (HAI). Sixty-eight patients with successful catheterization were treated with TAE using iodized oil (Lipiodol) mixed with anticancer agent (ACA). In 12 of 68 patients with hypervascular tumors gelatin sponge was added. Patients with unsuccessful catheterization were treated with hepatic artery infusion of ACA. Forty-three patients received oral chemotherapy following TAE or HAI. Overall, the 6-month, and 1- and 2-year survival rates were 69.5, 31.8 and 4.1 per cent, respectively (mean 233 days). A univariate analysis of prognostic factors showed that number of metastases, stage, treatment times and oral chemotherapy were all significant factors (p less than 0.05). Ascites, jaundice, percentage of hepatic replacement and treatment protocol also had some influence (p less than 0.1). Sex, age, primary site, elevation of tumor markers, other metastatic lesions, portal vein involvement and difference in anticancer agent had no prognostic significance. A multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazard model revealed that the number of treatments had the most important prognostic significance, followed by oral chemotherapy, stage and percentage of hepatic replacement.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1990

[Cerebellar infarction; the findings of CT, MRI and cerebral angiography].

The findings of CT, MRI and cerebral angiography were analysed in 18 cases with cerebellar infarction, of which 10 were men and 8 women. The areas of infarction were as follows; PICA in 9 cases, SCA in 8 cases, AICA and diffuse type in one case each. One case had two lesions. CT showed low density areas in 15 cases after 24 hours of the onset, but an abnormality was not demonstrated in one case which had an infarction of PICA area. MRI showed a high-intensity lesion on T2 weighted image during the first and tenth day after the onset, while a low-intensity lesion on T1 weighted image and high-intensity lesion on T2 weighted image were demonstrated after seventh day. MRI revealed the area of infarction better than CT. Vertebral angiography and DSA showed narrowing or poor visualization of the cerebellar arteries in 5 cases but this finding was not shown in 3 cases which were examined by IVDSA.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Angiographic positions for thoracic outlet syndrome].

Thirty four patients (18 males and 16 females, 54 lesions) with thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) were studied with conventional angiography. Angiography in the supine position did not confirm subclavian artery compression in 43.4% of patients. Lordotic position or upright position was useful for demonstration of subclavian artery compression in patients who did not show any findings in conventional techniques.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Boar acrosin digestion of the porcine egg coat, zona pellucida, and rearrangement of the zona proteins.

Mechanically isolated, structurally intact porcine zonae pellucidae composed of three families of glycoproteins (PZP1-3) were digested with purified boar acrosin, and then the solublized and unsolubilized fractions were separately analyzed by HPLC and/or SDS-PAGE. In isotonic solution, PZP1 was first degraded and then PZP2, whereas PZP3 was quite resistant to acrosin, reflecting the organization of these families in the zona structure. As the proteolytic hydrolysis proceeded, high-molecular-weight products appeared in the unsolubilized fraction. These products disintegrated on treatment with beta-mercapto-ethanol. The zona materials solubilized by acrosin were separated into seven fractions by reverse phase HPLC. The total yield of the latter was only about 5% by weight. Thus, limited sites of the porcine zona were cleaved by the homologous sperm acrosin. Since five fractions contained peptides that were more hydrophilic than the original proteins, these peptides seemed likely to be present on the outer surface of the zona structure. SDS-PAGE of the unsolubilized fraction showed that acrosin cleaved the zona at many more sites in hypotonic solution than in isotonic solution. Thus, structural relaxation of the inner region of the zona was indicated to be induced under hypotonic conditions. However, no high-molecular-weight products were formed in hypotonic solution, suggesting that the native architecture of the zona is a prerequisite for their formation.

Acrosin↗
PubMed1988

[An analysis of the morbid condition in adjuvant arthritic rats and a new method for evaluating anti-rheumatic drugs].

The progress of various symptoms in adjuvant arthritic rats (AA-rats) and the effects of anti-rheumatic drugs were continuously observed on the basis of the Weibull distribution function, and the following results were obtained: 1) The cumulative incidence rates F(t) of various symptoms and abnormalities of measured values gradually increased with the passage of time. The relationship between the F(t) and the days after adjuvant injection indicated a simple Weibull distribution function. On the other hand, the bone damages in the distal limb joints indicated a composite Weibull distribution function with two shape parameters (m1 and m2). It was possible to classify the animals into two groups, fast responders (m1) and slow responders (m2), according to the time of occurrence of bone damages. 2) By using the Weibull probability paper, it was possible to integrate and to evaluate in totality those cases with varying grades of symptoms and cases with different symptoms in the adjuvant-induced syndrome in rats. 3) Azathioprine (AZP) showed an inhibitory effect on the advents of pain and swelling and functional disorders, while indomethacin (IDM), prednisolone (PSL) and gold sodium thiomalate (GST) delayed the advents of these symptoms. As to bone damages in the distal limb joints, IDM, PSL and AZP showed an inhibitory effect in only the fast responder group, while GST showed both an inhibitory and delaying effect in both the fast responder group and the slow one. The above results suggest that the usage of the Weibull distribution function is useful not only for analysis of the morbid condition of AA-rats but also for the evaluation of anti-rheumatic drugs in AA-rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[A quantitative measurement of the cerebral infarct focus induced by arachidonate infusion and the relationship between measured values and stroke signs].

A method for measuring the organic infarct focus induced by arachidonate infusion into rat brain was devised, and the statistical relationship between the measured values and stroke signs in the rat was studied. By the infusion of arachidonate, a high incidence of cerebral infarction was found in the live rats with uniformly necrotized foci. The size of these foci (infarction rate) were measured by transcripting them to a graduated brain sheet. The relationship between the independent parameter of the infarction rate and the dependent parameter of stroke signs was fully analyzed by multidimensional quantification. Many animals showed no stroke signs despite having lesions (false negative). By contract, no animal without any lesion showed stroke signs (false positive). When each parameter of these signs were quantified and normalized, the stumbling and abnormal posture signs showed a wide range of values, relatively accurately reflecting the infarction degree. Moreover, the highest partial correlation ratio between the various parameters was found to be that between the stumbling and abnormal posture stroke signs. Thus, it may be said that the stumbling and the abnormal posture stroke signs can be considered relatively good parameters for evaluating the degree of an infarction. These parameters should be useful for the testing of anti-infarction drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Modification of porcine zona pellucida with fluorescein isothiocyanate: evidence for the presence of a structural unit consisting of glycoproteins in the mammalian egg coat.

Intact porcine ova and mechanically isolated zonae pellucidae from the ova were treated with a limiting amount of FITC in isotonic solutions at different pHs. The modified zona proteins were fractionated into three families (FTC-PZP1-3) by HPLC on a gel filtration column. It was found by this HPLC that the amino groups of PZP3 hardly reacted with FITC, whereas those of PZP1 and 2 fairly reacted, reflecting the organization of these families in the zona structure. The difference in reactivity of the three families with FITC suggested the presence of a structural unit in the zona, thus supporting the filamentous model of Wassarman.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Radiotherapy of spontaneous carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas.

Between 1984 and 1986, 7 patients with spontaneous carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCF) were treated by radiotherapy delivering 3,000 cGy (200 cGy, 5 times per week) to the sellar region. Improvements of clinical signs and symptoms were seen in all patients within 6 months of treatment. During a follow-up period of 7 to 35 months, 6 patients remained in good clinical condition and only one patient developed a recurrence. As an adverse effect, one patient developed early menopause, but no other side-effects or complications were seen. Radiotherapy should be considered in patients with spontaneous CCF, when CCF are seen in middle-high aged patients and progressive without relief of symptoms.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Fractionation of glycoproteins from porcine zonae pellucidae into three families by high-performance liquid chromatography.

The glycoproteins of porcine zonae pellucidae were fractionated into three families (PZP1-3) by high-performance liquid chromatography on a gel filtration column. Their molecular weights were estimated to be 164K for PZP1, 99K for PZP2, and 55K for PZP3; and they were present in an approximate weight ratio of protein moiety of 2:3:18, respectively. Differences in carbohydrate composition position between them were found, although their amino acid compositions were similar to each other. CD spectra showed that the three families had an almost identical secondary structure of the helical form in the presence of SDS. In PBS without SDS, they had different secondary structures, predominantly in the beta-form, and probably different tertiary structures.

Amino Acids↗