Ischemic colitis complicating severe acute pancreatitis in a child.
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Acute Disease↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Hatanaka
Publications and source records attributed to Y Hatanaka.
Hyperechoic renal tumors: anechoic rim and intratumoral cysts in US differentiation of renal cell carcinoma from angiomyolipoma.
To determine whether angiomyolipomas (AMLs) and renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) can be differentiated at ultrasonography (US), the authors retrospectively evaluated the sonographic appearances of 31 AMLs and 38 RCCs. Sonograms were evaluated by three radiologists without knowledge of histologic findings, with respect to the echogenicity of the tumor, predominant echotexture, and whether an anechoic rim was present. All patients had also undergone computed tomography (CT) to check for tumoral fat. Intratumoral fat was evident at CT in 28 of the 31 AMLs. RCCs had no fat at CT or histologic evaluation. An anechoic rim was evident in 32 of 38 (84%) RCCs, and 10 RCCs had small anechoic areas with back echo enhancement, which corresponded to intratumoral cysts or cystic necrosis at histologic evaluation. The anechoic rim and areas indicative of cysts were not found in AMLs. Demonstration of an anechoic rim and/or intratumoral cysts in a hyperechoic mass at US suggests that the tumor is an RCC.
Adult↗
A glycine-1008 to valine mutation in the insulin receptor in a woman with type A insulin resistance.
We examined the insulin receptor gene in a Japanese woman with type A insulin resistance. Acanthosis nigricans and polycystic ovary were present. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test showed a diabetic pattern, and fasting insulinemia was 780 pmol/L. Insulin binding was normal, but autophosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity were reduced in partially purified insulin receptors from Epstein-Barr virus-transformed lymphocytes. The nucleotide sequence for all 22 exons of the insulin receptor gene was determined by direct sequencing of genomic DNA amplified with the polymerase chain reaction. Substitution of valine for glycine at codon 1008 in the tyrosine kinase domain was identified in one allele. This was the same mutation found in another patient, but there was no relationship between the two families. The father had the same mutation in one allele and impaired glucose tolerance with mild hyperinsulinemia, but the mother and two brothers had normal glucose tolerance. We conclude that a single mutant allele in the tyrosine kinase domain caused the insulin resistance.
Adult↗
Urinary neopterin as a predictive marker of coronary artery abnormalities in Kawasaki syndrome.
We investigated whether urinary neopterin concentrations respond to the pathological conditions (especially coronary artery dilatation) of Kawasaki syndrome. All of 29 children with Kawasaki syndrome had very high urinary neopterin concentrations. Increased urinary neopterin concentrations coincided with fever and with monocytosis in peripheral blood. The urinary neopterin excretion peaking within the first 8 days after onset correlated with the development of coronary artery dilatation. Increased urinary neopterin concentrations indicate that cell-mediated immunity is activated in patients with Kawasaki syndrome. Endogenous interferon-gamma and activation of monocytes/macrophages may play a role in the pathogenesis of Kawasaki syndrome. Not only do neopterin concentrations correlate with symptoms in the acute phase of Kawasaki syndrome, they also act as a predictive marker of coronary artery abnormalities in affected patients.
Biomarkers↗
Circular dichroic evidence for regulation of enzymatic activity by nonsubstrate hydrophobic ligand on glutathione S-transferase P.
1-Anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonic acid (ANS) noncompetitively inhibited enzyme activity of glutathione S-transferase P for both glutathione and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (Ki = 30 microM). Dissociation constant for ANS.GST-P complex calculated from the binding study was 15 microM. From the similar values of the inhibition constant and the dissociation constant, it was concluded that specific ANS binding caused the loss of enzyme activity. In the protein structural analysis by circular dichroism, the secondary structures remarkably changed by ANS binding in accordance with the decrease of enzymatic activities. The conformational change of the protein and the decrease in enzymatic activity were reversed by dissociation of ANS. This fact strongly suggested that the enzymatic activity was regulated by a nonsubstrate hydrophobic ligand.
Anilino Naphthalenesulfonates↗
Characterization of cysteine residues of glutathione S-transferase P: evidence for steric hindrance of substrate binding by a bulky adduct to cysteine 47.
Glutathione S-transferase P (GST-P) lost the enzymatic activity by 7-fluoro-4-sulfamoyl-2, 1, 3-benzodiazole (ABD-F), a thiol-group chemical modifier, but did not by methylmethanethiol-sulfonate. Both ABD-F and methylmethanethiolsulfonate reacted with Cys47 and Cys101. These two cysteine residues were site-directedly mutated with serine residues. Only the Cys101Ser lost the enzymatic activity by the treatment of ABD-F. On carbon 13 NMR experiments, a NMR signal of S-[13C]CH3 adduct to Cys47 did not show any change by the addition of S-hexylglutathione. These facts revealed that Cys47 did not locate at the active site, and a bulky adduct to Cys47 hindered the binding of substrates to the active site.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Early regional specification for a molecular neuronal phenotype in the rat neocortex.
The timing of neocortical regional specification was examined using a monoclonal antibody, designated PC3.1, that binds a 29-kDa polypeptide and recognizes a neuronal subpopulation located in the lateral but not dorsomedial neocortex in the rat. When lateral cortical tissue fragments at embryonic days 12 and 16 were maintained in an organotypic culture system, a substantial number of neurons became PC3.1-immunopositive. In marked contrast, considerably fewer, if any, PC3.1-positive neurons were observed in cultures of dorsal cortical tissue. The selective appearance of PC3.1-immunopositive neurons was also observed in dissociated cultures derived from the lateral, but not dorsal, cortical primordium at embryonic day 13 and later. In light of previous reports showing that the interactions between developing neocortical neurons and cortical afferents begin at embryonic day 14 or later, our findings imply that some regional specification occurs well before these interactions and suggest the importance of elements intrinsic to the neocortex in establishing neocortical regional specificity. Furthermore, [3H]thymidine birth-dating experiments revealed that the majority of presumptive PC3.1-immunopositive neurons underwent their final mitosis around embryonic day 15, suggesting that the regional specification events for these neurons occur before their neurogenesis.
Animals↗
Structural analysis of the N-linked carbohydrate chains of the 55-kDa glycoprotein family (PZP3) from porcine zona pellucida.
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Animals↗
Photolabeled sites with a tetrodotoxin derivative in the domain III and IV of the electroplax sodium channel.
Forty three percent of the labeled sites, at least, in the electroplax sodium channel with a photoactivable tetrodotoxin derivative were identified by probing protease-digested labeled fragments with several sequence-directed antibodies. They are located in the loop between segments S5 and S6 of domain IV, as well as the region containing transmembrane segment S6 and adjacent extracellular and cytoplasmic sequences in domain III. No photolabeled fragments were detected in the corresponding region of domain I. These results suggest that C-11 of tetrodotoxin where the photoreactive moiety is attached orients to the region between S5 and S6 in domain III and IV. Probable orientation of the tetrodotoxin molecule in sodium channels is considered by taking together with the recent report of the site-directed mutagenesis.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Structural analysis of the N-linked carbohydrate chains of the 55-kDa glycoprotein family (PZP3) from porcine zona pellucida.
The N-linked oligosaccharides, released by hydrazinolysis from the major 55-kDa family, PZP3, of porcine zona pellucida glycoproteins, were separated into neutral (28%) and acidic (72%) carbohydrate chains by anion-exchange HPLC. By competition assay, it was shown that the mixture of neutral chains has the sperm-receptor activity, while that of the acidic chains has no activity. Their carbohydrate structures were analyzed after the reducing ends were modified with 2-aminopyridine. The neutral chains were fractionated into several components by reverse-phase and normal-phase HPLC. By sequential glycosidase digestion and 500-MHz 1H-NMR spectroscopy, the structures of three major components were determined. The structures of some of the minor components were analyzed only by sequential glycosidase digestion. By these analyses, it was found that a diantennary complex-type structure with a fucose residue was predominant in the neutral chains. Furthermore, the analyses of the endo-beta-galactosidase digests of the acidic chains revealed that the partially sulfated and sialylated N-acetyllactosamines are linked to the non-reducing ends of diantennary, triantennary, and tetra-antennary complex-type neutral chains, forming heterogeneous acidic chains.
Animals↗
Inhibition of mutagenesis by p-aminobenzoic acid as a nitrite scavenger.
Nitrite treatment enhances the direct-acting mutagenicity of various foodstuffs (e.g., chicken, bloater, the soybean flour 'kinako', and Ban-Ban-Chi sauce) on Salmonella typhimurium TA100. p-Aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and glutathione (GSH) reduced this mutagenicity; on the other hand, thioproline (TPRO) increased it. PABA seemed more effective than TPRO in scavenging nitrite ion. In analysis of the reactions of PABA and sodium nitrite under acidic conditions (pH 3.0), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA) was identified as a major reaction product. The reaction seems to involve two steps, diazotization and diazonium substitution. PHBA was not mutagenic to four strains (TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102) of S. typhimurium with or without S9 mix.
4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
Insulin receptor gene mutation: a molecular genetical and functional analysis.
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Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
Structural characterization of the dihydropyridine receptor-linked calcium channel from porcine heart.
Ca(2+)-channel was purified 230-fold from digitonin extracts of the porcine cardiac sarcolemmal membranes by means of a four-step procedure. Two antibodies, a site-directed antibody against the sequence 1691-1707 of the rabbit cardiac alpha 1 subunit (anti-CCP5) and a monoclonal antibody directed to rabbit skeletal muscle alpha 2 delta subunit-complex (MCC-1), effectively immunoprecipitated the 125I-labeled cardiac Ca(2+)-channel complex in 0.2% digitonin. SDS-PAGE analysis of the immunoprecipitates under reducing conditions revealed that the cardiac channel is mainly composed of two large polypeptides of 190 and 150 kDa, and five smaller polypeptides of 60, 55, 35, 30, and 25 kDa. An additional polypeptide of either 79 or 55 kDa is crosslinked with the 190 kDa component to form 250-270 kDa (approximately 270 kDa) to the extent of 15-20% through disulfide bond(s). The 190 kDa component (alpha 1) is responsible for photoaffinity labeling with [3H]diazepine, since minor photolabeled approximately 270 kDa was converged to the major labeled 190 kDa component when electrophoresed under reducing conditions. The 150 kDa component (alpha 2) was derived by reduction of disulfide bonds from another 190 kDa component of glycopolypeptide which was separated from the channel complex in 1% Triton X-100 and capable of binding to WGA-Sepharose. The four smaller components of 60, 35, 30, and 25 kDa were not covalently associated with the large components through disulfide bonds, whereas the 55 kDa polypeptide was suggested to be a mixture of two kinds of peptides with respect to the disulfide bond: one was crosslinked with alpha 1 through disulfide linkage and the other was not covalently associated with any other component.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Animals↗
[Genetic identification of 25 Legionella species by modified microdilution plate hybridization, and its evaluation with isolated strains].
Modified microdilution plate hybridization was used for genetic identification of 25 Legionella species. The cell wall of the isolate was broken down by glass beads. And the DNA was extracted, labeled photo-reactive biotin, and hybridized with reference DNAs immobilized in microdilution wells. Hybridized DNAs were detected by colormetric method. Each type strain of 25 Legionella species was clearly differentiated by this method. Among 103 clinical and environmental Legionella strains, 97 strains were genetically identified by this method. 60 strains were identified as the same species as by the conventional method. Concerned with ten strains that had been serologically identified as L. bozemanii, two strains isolated from the human lung were genetically identified as L. bozemanii, but the remaining environmental 8 strains were identified as L. anisa. Among the 35 strains of legionellae that had been unidentified at species level, by physiological and serological tests, 27 strains were genetically identified as L. pneumophila, 1 strains as L. feeleii, and another, as L. anisa, but 6 strains were not identified. We found that three strains among the 6 strains belong to a single species of genus Legionella other than the 25 reference species used in this study.
Bacteriological Techniques↗
An index for proportion of head size to body mass during infancy.
The index "head circumference (cm)3/body weight (g)" gave an almost constant average (about 10) and standard deviation (about 1) in more than 2000 children at birth and at 4, 10, and 18 months. Application of this index to the data previously published confirms that the average is almost constant throughout the period from birth to 18 months, irrespective of sex or race. Head circumference cubed and body weight correlate significantly. This index seems to be useful to assess the proportion of head size to body mass during infancy, and to contribute to early diagnosis of diseases such as hydrocephalus or microcephaly.
Body Mass Index↗
Photoaffinity labeling of the electroplax sodium channel with a photoreactive mu-conotoxin carrying a radioactive and chromogenic diazirine.
Photoreactive derivatives of mu-conotoxin GIIIA carrying a radioactive and chromogenic diazirine have been prepared as a photoaffinity labeling reagent for muscle-type sodium channels. When the reagent was photolyzed in the presence of the eel sodium channel, radioactivity was specifically incorporated into the channel protein.
Affinity Labels↗
Characterization of saccharide moiety in the electroplax sodium channel.
Carbohydrate chains on the large peptide of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel from Electrophorus electricus electroplax have been partially characterized by the lectin-blotting technique combined with digestion using three glucosidases: neuraminidase, endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H, and peptide: N-glycosidase F. The results show that both N-linked oligosaccharides and O-linked (mucin-type) oligosaccharides are present. In N-linked oligosaccharides, the results suggest the presence of complex- and hybrid-type oligosaccharides which contain bisecting N-acetylglucosamine(s), as well as the complex-type oligosaccharides with the alpha-Fuc-GlcNAc-(Asn) residue(s). In O-linked oligosaccharides, they must carry Gal beta1----3GalNAc- moieties which contain NeuNAc residues in the terminal.
Animals↗
Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty: pain during balloon inflation.
The pain during the balloon dilatation of angioplasty was evaluated prospectively to assess its clinical significance. In 54 angioplasties, no pain was observed in 54%, mild pain in 20%, moderate pain in 11% and severe pain in 15%. Moderate or severe pain was observed in 39% of 28 iliac angioplasties and in 7% of 14 femoral angioplasties. There was a significant difference between the two groups. We did not find any significant correlation between the severity of pain and stenotic ratio before angioplasty. Severe pain may be a warning of severe dissection; in our study, all severe dissections were accompanied by severe pain without arterial rupture.
Angioplasty, Balloon↗