Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Y Fujimoto.
Sodium azide, a catalase inhibitor, stimulated the generation of medullary prostaglandin E2, while the glutathione peroxidase activator sodium selenite inhibited it. These results suggest that hydroperoxides play an important role in the control of prostaglandin synthesis.
On reviewing the preoperative clinical and laboratory findings and the surgical response seen in our series of 32 patients with renal hyperparathyroidism, the indication for parathyroidectomy was reevaluated. During the 5-year period from 1975 to 1979, parathyroid resection was performed in 9 patients who had various conditions for which surgery had been thought indicated. During the following period from January 1980 to March 1985, parathyroidectomy was carried out on 23 patients all of whom had roentgenologic evidence of generalized fibrous osteitis except for two whose indication for surgery was an elevation of the serum alkaline phosphatase level more than 45 KA units. The resected parathyroid glands had increased to 1 g or more in total weight in all the 25 patients who showed distinct postoperative improvement. Laboratory evidence indicating the presence of generalized fibrous osteitis, such as subperiosteal resorption on phalanx roentgenograms and high serum alkaline phosphatase level, along with marked elevation of the plasma immunoreactive parathyroid hormone level, proved to be a good indicator for medically uncontrollable secondary hyperparathyroidism. Fracture, heterotopic calcification, pruritus or persistent hypercalcemia was not a parameter of severe hyperparathyroidism warranting parathyroid resection, unless there was concomitant evidence of fibrous osteitis. The preoperative use of the recently developed noninvasive techniques for parathyroid localization also proved to be useful in detecting the parathyroid glands large enough to fulfill the requirements for parathyroidectomy.
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Sixteen patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH, 5 cases) and neurogenic bladder (NB, 11 cases) were treated with Robaveron tablets (KN-7) containing an extract of swine prostate gland 20 mg/T. at the dose of 2 tablets t.i.d. for a long term of 6-33 months. Evaluation of drug efficacy and safety were based on decrease of residual urine, improvement of subjective symptoms, complaints of side effects and clinical laboratory tests recorded every three months. Significant decrease of residual urine rate and good improvement of various subjective symptoms such as difficulty in urination, pollakisuria, urinary incontinence, etc. were obtained and maintained. The overall effectiveness, rated as slightly improved or better on the final evaluation of these cases was 68.8%. No cases of side effects or abnormal changes in the laboratory tests directly due to the test drug were observed. Robaveron tablet is both safe and effective for the long-term therapy of urinary disturbance.
The stimulatory effects of calcium alpha-glycerophosphate (CaG) and Ca2+ on the generation of medullary prostaglandin E2 have been compared. CaG (4mM) was significantly more effective than Ca2+ (4 mM) as a stimulus for prostaglandin E2 release. This effect of CaG was most pronounced in the presence of exogenous phospholipase A2 (0.1 unit/ml). These results suggest that CaG has a more powerful stimulatory effect on prostaglandin E2 formation than Ca2+ because of its high affinity for phospholipase A2.
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The concentration of cefotiam (CTM) in the serum and the bloodless lung with time is discussed. Five patients who were undergone pneumonectomy or lobectomy, were given 1 g of CTM intravenously during the operation. Blood samples and lung samples were collected 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 300 minutes after the administration. The CTM levels in the blood and the lung samples were measured by the agar well bioassay. The CTM levels in the lung samples were modified as the CTM levels in the bloodless lung by calculating the contained blood volume, as lung samples were proven to have a mean value of 34.2% of blood in weight. The serum CTM level was 73.3 micrograms/ml at 15 minutes after injection and then decreased gradually. The CTM level in bloodless lung was elevated during the first 60 minutes, became equal to that of the blood during next 30 minutes and then exceeded the serum levels thereafter. These results indicate that the distribution of CTM to the bloodless lung was excellent and a satisfactory preventative effect against postsurgical infection could be expected.
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A case of postpartum spontaneous rupture of angiomyolipoma in a 27-year-old woman with the chief complaints of right flank pain and fever was reported. Physical examinations revealed an infant-head sized, hard elastic mass with a smooth surface in the right flank. Laboratory studies showed a decrease of Hb to 9.0 g/dl and Ht to 26.5%, and elevated LDH (2914 IU/l). Angiomyolipoma was suspected with ultrasonography, CT scan and angiography. Transperitoneal right nephrectomy was performed. The right kidney and tumor weighed 1,870 g. Pathological diagnosis also confirmed angiomyolipoma of the kidney. Discussion of the case and a brief review of the literature on spontaneous rupture of angiomyolipoma in the intra- and postpartum are made.
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Effects of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) and methylmercuric chloride (MMC) in the presence of ascorbic acid on lipid peroxidation in rabbit renal cortical mitochondria were studied. The addition of ascorbic acid showed no effect on HgCl2-induced lipid peroxidation, but ascorbic acid plus MMC were able to stimulate the lipid peroxidation markedly. This result suggests that in the presence of ascorbic acid MMC has a powerful stimulatory effect on the lipid peroxidation in mitochondria.
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