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Biomedical subjects

Y Fujimoto

Publications and source records attributed to Y Fujimoto.

At least 451 records · Page 25Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Deficiency of membrane-bound dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV in a certain rat strain.

The activity of membrane-bound dipeptidyl aminopeptidase IV (EC 3.4.14.5) was found to be markedly reduced in the Fischer 344 rat strain compared with that in the Wistar strain. Analysis of membrane proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Ouchterlony immunodiffusion revealed the specific absence of this enzyme molecule in the Fischer 344 strain.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Adjuvant chemotherapy for uroepithelial transitional cell carcinoma.

The effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (T1/G3 and greater than or equal to T2) and the upper urinary tract were evaluated. Among a group of 136 patients (male 107, female 29) with such tumors, complete tumor resection was possible in 108, in whom duration of survival and disease-free interval with or without chemotherapy were compared. The combination of antineoplastic agents used was changed from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) + vincristine (VCR) + bleomycin (BLM) or peplomycin (PEP) + mitomycin C (MMC) or 5-FU + VCR + PEP + cyclophosphamide (CPM) + adriamycin (ADM) to CPM + ADM + cis-platinum (DDP) or methotrexate (MTX) + vinblastine (VBL) + ADM + DDP. Of the 59 patients in the chemotherapy group, 23 (39%) had side effects due to the treatment; however, fever and gastrointestinal symptoms were the chief adverse effects and were well tolerated. The 5-year survival rate and mean disease-free interval in the chemotherapy group were 76.3% and 24.6+ months, respectively, in bladder cancer patients, and 78.2% and 25.8+ months in those with upper urinary tract tumors. However, in the non-chemotherapy group (n = 49) the corresponding values were 62.7% and 21.1+ months in patients with bladder cancer and 67.3% and 42.0+ months in those with upper urinary tract tumor. There was a statistically significant difference (P less than 0.05) in the disease-free intervals of the two treatment groups for bladder cancer patients. Recurrence, regardless of time, was observed in 25% of chemotherapy cases and in 65% of non-chemotherapy cases, and this difference was also statistically significant (P less than 0.001). These results suggest that adjuvant chemotherapy for uroepithelial transitional cell carcinoma may be effective in extending survival and significant by protracting the disease-free period, especially in cases of advanced bladder cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The effects of Escherichia coli endotoxin as a trigger for hepatic infection of rabbits with Fusobacterium necrophorum.

To evaluate the effects of endotoxin in hepatic infection with Fusobacterium necrophorum, rabbits were given several combinations of F. necrophorum and Escherichia coli endotoxin. Severe hepatic necrosis with multiplication of F. necrophorum was induced by inoculation of endotoxin via the bile duct and following inoculation of both endotoxin and F. necrophorum. Inoculation with F. necrophorum alone, preceded by inoculation of endotoxin via the bile duct, also induced hepatic necrosis, whereas rabbits which received a single inoculation of endotoxin or F. necrophorum had only slight necrotic lesions. The pathogenetic mechanism of experimental hepatic infection with F. necrophorum is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Purification and characterization of a membrane-bound neutral endopeptidase from human placenta.

A membrane-bound neutral endopeptidase which hydrolyzes Suc-(Ala)3-pNA to succinyl dialanine and Ala-pNA has been purified from human placenta. The enzyme was solubilized from membranes with DOC and papain, and was purified about 5000-fold by successive chromatographies on Sephadex G-200, DEAE-Sephacel, butyl-Toyopearl 650, and Sephacryl S-300. It was found to be homogeneous on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and to have a molecular weight of about 70,000. It was strongly inhibited by phosphoramidon, thiorphan, and metal-chelating agents, but was not affected by most other protease inhibitors. These findings indicate that it can be classified as a phosphoramidon-sensitive neutral endopeptidase. With biologically active peptides as substrates, the enzyme preferentially cleaved the bonds at the amino side of hydrophobic amino acid residues. The physiological significance of this enzyme is discussed with reference to the placental barrier.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1987

Purification and characterization of thiol aminopeptidase from the cytosolic fraction of human placenta.

A thiol-dependent aminopeptidase was purified from the cytosolic fraction of human placenta. The purified enzyme consisted of a single polypeptide chain with a mol wt of 95,000. The enzyme was most active in the neutral region with Ala-pNA as substrate, and the activity was increased about 20-fold in the presence of some -SH compounds. The results of substrate specificity studies indicated that the enzyme hydrolyzes bonds involving the amino groups of neutral and basic amino acid residues. However, higher thiol-dependent activity was only detected with neutral ones. The enzyme was strongly inhibited by microbial aminopeptidase inhibitors, puromycin, o-phenanthroline, and sulfhydryl reactive-reagents. As to several naturally occurring peptides tested, the enzyme showed N-terminal Tyr-releasing activity toward enkephalins and kinin-converting activity.

Aminopeptidases↗
PubMed1987

How to recognize and treat parathyroid carcinoma.

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare tumor and its clinical course is variable. Differentiation of patients with parathyroid carcinoma from those with parathyroid adenoma is often difficult both preoperatively and at operation. For good results, the surgeon must recognize this disorder and perform an en bloc resection at the initial surgery. A neck dissection is necessary only when there is evidence of regional node metastases. After surgery, periodic follow-up of the serum calcium and iPTH levels is essential. When hypercalcemia recurs or the serum iPTH increases, localization studies with the use of thallium-201 scanning help detect local recurrence and regional lymph node metastases, but unfortunately, this method often fails to localize pulmonary metastases. Chest radiographs and CT scanning are useful for delineating pulmonary metastases. A wide excision of locally recurrent tumor, an en bloc radical neck dissection and mediastinum dissection for lymphatic metastases, and an aggressive surgical resection of lung metastases are recommended. Although these operations are rarely curative, they usually offer definite palliation of the marked hypercalcemia, often for a considerable period. Drugs to lower the serum calcium level and systemic chemotherapy are currently of only limited benefit, and radiation therapy is generally ineffective.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1987

Primary signet-ring cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

An unusual case of the signet-ring cell carcinoma of the bladder was reported. A 62-year-old Japanese male had a three-month history of intermittent, painless and gross hematuria. He was found to have a small egg-sized bladder tumor near the right ureteral orifice. A cytologic diagnosis of signet-ring cell carcinoma was made on a bladder washing and was confirmed by cytoscopic biopsy and surgical specimens.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1987

Cystic cemento-ossifying fibroma of the ethmoidal cells (a case report).

A case report of an aggressive cystic cemento-ossifying fibroma of the ethmoidal cells is presented. Fibro-osseous lesions containing cementum are considered to be of periodontal membrane origin and are most common in the mandible and maxilla. Following the WHO classification, fibro-osseous lesions containing cementum are grouped together under the heading of cementoma and are divided into four subgroups. Cemento-ossifying fibroma is considered to be a variant of cementifying fibroma which is a sub-group of cementoma. The unique site of origin seen in this case is thought to have been the result of an ectopic periodontal membrane or of a primitive mesenchymal cell rest or incomplete migration of the medial part of the nasal anlage and differentiation into the periodontal membrane.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Follicle structure-dependency of thyroglobulin and thyroxin staining in the thyroid glands of Graves' disease.

H.E. morphology of the thyroid glands from 170 patients with Graves' disease was studied, and the thyroid follicles were classified into two main groups: (1) F pattern, in which the follicles show circle/ellipse on cut sections; (2) P pattern, in which the follicular epithelium protrudes into the lumen or a follicle, is accompanied by proliferation of tubular or microfollicular structures. Studies on three serial sections of 88 thyroid glands stained with hematoxylin and eosin, thyroglobulin (TG), and thyroxin (T4), respectively, revealed the followings: (i) TG/T4 staining is dependent on the follicle structure (i.e., F or P); while the epithelium and colloid including scalloped vesicles in F follicles generally exhibited a direct relationship between TG and T4 staining, those in P follicles often showed an intense TG, but negative T4 staining. (ii) The results of morphological and immunohistochemical studies of P follicles among the cases are consistent with the view that P follicles are in the process of proliferation of immature daughter follicles from a main follicle and of their maturation. (iii) P follicles of Graves' thyroid glands were evaluated as possible non-neoplastic counterparts of well-differentiated follicular and papillary tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor YS980 on prostaglandin synthesis in rabbit kidney medulla slices.

The effect of YS980, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, on the generation of medullary prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha was examined. At concentrations of 0.2 mM and below, YS980 enhanced prostaglandin F2 alpha synthesis at the expense of prostaglandin E2. At concentrations of 0.4 mM or more, YS980 inhibited synthesis of both prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha markedly. These results suggest that YS980 has the potential to modulate prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha synthesis by the kidney and that this effect may represent some pharmacological action of the drug.

3-Mercaptopropionic Acid↗
PubMed1987

Comparison of the effects of Fe2+ and Cu2+ on prostaglandin synthesis in rabbit kidney medulla slices.

The effects of Fe2+ and Cu2+ on the generation of medullary prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha have been compared. Fe2+ markedly promoted the lipid peroxidation of rabbit kidney medulla slices. The lipid peroxidation induced by Fe2+ inhibited both prostaglandin E2 and prostaglandin F2 alpha formation to a similar extent. While Cu2+ produced only a small increase in lipid peroxidation, it had a powerful inhibitory effect on prostaglandin E2 formation. Simultaneously, prostaglandin F2 alpha production was increased. In the presence of Cu2+ the net increased amount of prostaglandin F2 alpha was much smaller than the net decreased amount of prostaglandin E2 (15-20%). These results suggest that Cu2+ has the potential to modulate prostaglandins E2 and F2 alpha synthesis by affecting endoperoxide E2 isomerase or endoperoxide reductase independent of its peroxidative action.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Effect of pyridoxine on prostaglandin synthesis in rabbit kidney medulla slices.

Pyridoxine stimulated the generation of prostaglandin E2 in rabbit kidney medulla slices. Moreover, pyridoxine in the presence of aspirin reduced the release of linoleic acid, but enhanced the release of arachidonic acid from the medulla slices as compared with aspirin alone, indicating that the enhancement of prostaglandin E2 formation elicited by pyridoxine may be ascribed to an increased conversion of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid. These results suggest that pyridoxine can be an important modulating factor in prostaglandin synthesis by the kidney.

Animals↗