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Biomedical subjects

Y Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to Y Fujii.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the stomach.

A rare case of mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the stomach in a 70-year-old man is reported. The protruded mass with central depression resembled a submucosal tumor, located on the posterior wall of a part of the cardia, fornix, and upper corpus. Histologically, submucosal ectopic glands composed of columnar cells, mucus-producing cells that closely resemble gastric epithelium, and ciliated epithelium were observed. The tumor consisted of an admixture of cuboidal, columnar cells, mucus-producing cells, singled or pseudostratified ciliated epithelium, and squamous metaplastic cells. The tumor cells were intimately continuous with the submucosal ectopic glands. Gradual transition between tumor cells and epithelium of submucosal ectopic glands was recognized. It is supposed that mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the stomach in this case derived from preexisting submucosal ectopic mucous glands of the stomach.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Importance of biologic status to the postoperative prognosis of patients with stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer.

The prognosis of patients with stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer was studied, with special attention to their biologic status prior to lung resection. The biologic status was estimated from the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in the peripheral blood, serum albumin level, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Among 46 patients who underwent potentially curative operations, 31 cases of biologic status A or B (more than two parameters normal) revealed 37.6% of a 5-year survival rate, whereas there was no 5-year survivor in 15 cases of biologic status C or D (more than two parameters abnormal). Of the 5-year survival rate in T3N0 disease of biologic status A or B, the 60% surviving (of 10 cases) was in marked contrast to the same stage disease of biologic status C or D where only 1 patient (of 10 cases) was still surviving at more than 30 months. In 30 patients with T3N0, T3N1, and T2N2 diseases of biologic status A or B, where long-term survivors were derived, the 5-year survival rate in 30 patients of biologic status A or B was 36.6% in contrast to no long-term survivor in the same stage diseases of biologic status C or D (n = 25). We conclude that surgical results in stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer will be beneficial in patients of biologic status A or B, but nonbeneficial in patients with the same stage of biologic status C or D.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Effect of low density lipoprotein on DNA synthesis of cultured human arterial smooth muscle cells.

Increased concentration of plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the risk factors in atherosclerosis. We studied how DNA synthesis of human arterial smooth muscle cells (SMC) was influenced in the culture added with or without small dose (25 micrograms of protein/ml) of LDL. LDL were ultracentrifugally obtained from normal subjects and diabetics. DNA synthesis was investigated at 6-h intervals during 36 h in the culture with or without LDL using [methyl-3H]thymidine. We found that DNA synthesis reached a maximum value at 24 h after addition of LDL. On the other hand sequential changes were not detectable in the culture without LDL addition. This effect of diabetic LDL was significantly (P less than 0.001) greater than that of normal LDL. These results suggested that LDL induces synchronization of the cultured SMC to synthesize DNA and diabetic LDL may play an atherogenic role more strongly than normal LDL in the arterial wall even in the normal range of LDL concentration.

Arteries↗
PubMed1987

Purification and characterization of Clostridium perfringens beta toxin.

A new procedure for the purification of beta toxin from culture supernatant fluid of Clostridium perfringens was established. The procedure consists of ammonium sulfate fractionation, affinity chromatography on zinc-chelate Sepharose and gel filtration on Toyopearl HW 60. Beta toxin was purified about 460-fold from the ammonium sulfate fraction with a yield of about 60% in terms of lethality of the toxin. The molecular weight of the toxin, determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and sucrose gradient centrifugation, was approximately 40,000. The isoelectric point was 5.6. The minimal necrotic dose for guinea pigs was approximately 2 ng. The 50% lethal doses for adult mice were 310 ng/kg and 4.5 micrograms/kg, when injected i.v. and i.p., respectively.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

The diagnostic value of the foetoacinar pancreatic (FAP) protein in cancer of the pancreas; a comparative study with CA19/9.

The serum diagnostic value of the foeto-acinar pancreatic protein (FAP protein), an oncofoetal pancreatic antigen, was tested in 201 patients. Of these, 112 suffered from malignant disease (57 patients had pancreatic carcinoma and 55, extra-pancreatic malignancies) and 89 had benign disease (49 patients with hepato-pancreato-biliary disease and 40 with other benign disease). FAP protein was measured by a competitive radioimmunoassay. In this technique, the normal cut-off level was 10% inhibition. This was deducted from values in 32 normal sera. FAP protein levels superior to 10% inhibition were found in 86% of patients with pancreatic cancer, in 31% with non-pancreatic malignancy, in 69% with benign hepato-pancreato-biliary disease and in 20% with other benign diseases. Accordingly, sensitivity of FAP protein for pancreatic carcinoma was 86% and specificity, 66%. However, high FAP protein levels (greater than 30% inhibition) were almost exclusively seen in patients with pancreatic cancer. At this cut-off level, specificity increased to 95% but sensitivity decreased to 51%. Determination of the carbohydrate antigen CA19/9 was made in parallel by a commercially available assay. At the cut-off level of 37 u ml-1, CA19/9 in our serum panel had a sensitivity of 74% for pancreatic carcinoma and a specificity of 88%. In pancreatic cancer 55 out of 57 patients had elevated levels of either FAP protein or CA19/9 (sensitivity; 96%).

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1987

Chondroitin sulfate-depolymerizing activity in Streptococcus intermedius and other streptococci.

The type strain (ATCC 27335) and 18 human oral isolates of Streptococcus intermedius and some other related streptococcal species were tested for chondroitin sulfate C-depolymerizing activity employing a modified screening plate method of Smith and Willett. As the results, S. intermedius strains except for ATCC 31412 strain were found to possess this activity. Propionibacterium acnes ATCC 11828 used as a positive control strain demonstrated strong activity, whereas S. intermedius strains showed only slightly detectable activity. This finding might be interesting in view of the classification of this species as well as its pathogenicity.

Chondroitinases and Chondroitin Lyases↗
PubMed1987

Temperature-sensitive growth mutants as live vaccines against experimental murine salmonellosis.

Temperature-sensitive growth mutants of Salmonella enteritidis, NUB 209 and NUB 323, characterized as protein synthesis mutants, were unable to proliferate at 37 C and lost the parent's virulence. In mice, these mutants conferred high levels of protection as live vaccines. Although the vaccination effect of NUB 323 was not so good as that of NUB 209, NUB 323 was preferred as a safer live vaccine because this mutant was completely avirulent and no back mutation appeared.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Fiber type differentiation and myosin expression in regenerating rat muscles.

The relation between fiber type differentiation and the expression of slow and fast myosin isoforms was examined in regenerating rat muscles after injection of a myotoxic agent, bupivacaine. The histochemical myosin ATPase reaction for fiber typing demonstrated that immature type 2C fibers differentiated into type 1, 2A and 2B fibers. Slow and fast myosin isoforms were demonstrated immunohistochemically using antibodies raised against myosins extracted from the slow-twitch soleus and fast-twitch tensor fasciae latae muscles of mature guinea pigs (anti-SOL, anti-TFL). The results showed that immature type 2C fibers destined to differentiate into type 1 fibers first reacted with anti-TFL only, and later reacted with both anti-TFL and anti-SOL, whereas those destined to differentiate into type 2A and 2B fibers reacted with anti-TFL only throughout regeneration. The significance of the myosin isoforms that react with anti-TFL in immature type 2C fibers was discussed.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1987

Degradation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone by neuroblastoma cells and their membrane: evidence for the involvement of a thiol protease and angiotensin-converting enzyme.

Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone was degraded by cells of the N-18 line of mouse neuroblastoma and their membrane. Cleavage products were separated by HPLC and identified by amino acid analysis. Fragments (1-3), (4-5), and (6-10) were major cleavage products. All the products increased in level as a function of time except for fragment (1-5), which increased in amount only during a short incubation time and then decreased. The accumulation of fragment (1-5) was increased in the presence of captopril or EDTA, whereas that of fragments (1-3) and (4-5) decreased inversely. On the other hand, the generation of either fragment (1-3) or (4-5) was stimulated by the presence of Cl-. The results suggest that the conversion of fragment (1-5) into fragments (1-3) and (4-5) is catalyzed by angiotensin-converting enzyme. p-Chloromercuribenzoate inhibited the formation of fragment (1-5), a result suggesting the involvement of a thiol protease in this formation. Thus, the degradation of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone by neuroblastoma cells and their membrane seems to take place mainly through the cleavage of the Tyr5-Gly6 bond by a thiol protease, followed by the release of the dipeptide Ser-Tyr from the liberated fragment (1-5) by angiotensin-converting enzyme. It is further suggested that the thiol protease and angiotensin-converting enzyme are also responsible for the initial minor cleavages of the Gly6-Leu7 bond and the Trp3-Ser4 bond, respectively.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1987

Thyroid hormone stimulates alkaline phosphatase activity in cultured rat osteoblastic cells (ROS 17/2.8) through 3,5,3'-triiodo-L-thyronine nuclear receptors.

To investigate the increased alkaline phosphatase activity of bone origin in patients with hyperthyroidism, we studied the thyroid hormone effects on alkaline phosphatase activity in a clonal rat osteoblastic cell line (ROS 17/2.8). T4 and T3 increased alkaline phosphatase activity in ROS 17/2.8 cells in a dose-dependent manner. The minimal effective T4 and T3 concentrations in medium containing 10% thyroid hormone-depleted fetal calf serum were 10(-8) M (free T4, 8 X 10(-11) M) and 10(-9) M (free T3, 4 X 10(-11) M), respectively. ROS 17/2.8 cells possessed high affinity, low capacity nuclear receptors specific for T3 [dissociation constant (Kd) approximately 150 pM; maximal binding capacity, approximately 2000 T3 binding sites per nucleus]. The relative affinity of T3, T4, rT3, MIT, and DIT were in good agreement with their biological activity. These findings suggest that rat osteoblast-like cells contain T3 nuclear receptors and that alkaline phosphatase activity is stimulated by thyroid hormone via a nuclear receptor-mediated process at free thyroid hormone concentrations attainable in patients with Graves' disease.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1987

Long term results of ruptured aneurysms treated by coating.

We report the long term results of the treatment of 23 intracranial ruptured aneurysms by coating. Twenty-three patients treated by coating were followed for a mean period of 11.2 years. The mean interval between the last hemorrhage and the operation was 22.4 days. Ten aneurysms underwent total coating, 9 with Biobond and 1 with Aron Alpha. Thirteen aneurysms underwent partial coating, 11 with Biobond and 2 with Aron Alpha. Six aneurysms were reinforced partially by other materials, but no aneurysm was wrapped totally with these materials. Rebleeding occurred in 6 patients, of whom 5 died. The mean interval between coating and rebleeding was 4 years. All patients suffering rebleeding had been treated with Biobond, and 3 patients had undergone total coating of aneurysms. The risk of recurrent hemorrhage after total coating with Biobond was 33%. One rebleeding patient underwent a second operation 10.5 years after total coating of the aneurysm. Biobond was found only at the tip of the aneurysmal sac. From these results, reinforcement of ruptured aneurysms with Biobond seems to be of little value, and a more reliable method must be developed for aneurysms that cannot be clipped.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

A highly sensitive bioassay for PTH using ROS 17/2.8 subclonal cells.

A highly sensitive bioassay for PTH was developed by using rat osteosarcoma cells (ROS 17/2.8). By limiting dilution, ROS cells were subcloned and the subclonal cell line (ROS 17/2.8-5) most responsive to PTH was selected. When subconfluent ROS 17/2.8-5 cells were treated with hydrocortisone for 3 days and then incubated with PTH, the cAMP response was significant at 10-40 ng/l hPTH (1-34) (4 approximately 16 X 10(-12) mol/l). Osteoclast activating factors such as human interleukin 1 alpha and beta, and tumour necrosis factor alpha did not stimulate cAMP production, whereas a conditioned medium of oesophageal carcinoma cells established from a patient with humoral hypercalcaemia stimulated cAMP production. By selecting PTH-responsive subclonal cells and treating them with hydrocortisone, the sensitivity for detecting PTH was improved approximately 15 times. This method will be useful in the characterization and purification of PTH-like factors produced by malignant tumours from hypercalcaemic patients.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The level and stability of residual catalase in cultured acatalasemic skin fibroblasts.

In an attempt to determine the level and heat stability of residual catalase in somatic cells of acatalasemic Japanese, skin fibroblasts from an acatalasemic subject were cultured, and the catalase activity of the cultured fibroblasts was compared with that of cultured normal fibroblasts. Catalase activity was determined using an oxygen electrode. The residual catalase activity in cultured acatalasemic fibroblasts was 10% of the normal. The heat stability at 55 degrees C of residual catalase in the acatalasemic fibroblasts was similar to that of normal fibroblasts.

Acatalasia↗
PubMed1987

[Anticancer drug sensitivity test using the short-term microplate culture and MTT dye reduction assay].

We have applied the MTT dye reduction assay to the anticancer drugs sensitivity test using short-term microplate cultures. The tumor cells were cultured with the anticancer drugs for 2 and 4 days. After culture, MTT dye was placed in each microwell and culture was carried out again for 4 more hours. The formazans generated by living cells were dissolved in acidified isopropyl alcohol and the absorbances of each well were measured at a wavelength of 540 nm. When tables of cytotoxicity indices classified into anticancer drugs, concentrations and durations of culture for each type of leukemic cell were made, it became possible to compare each drug and to select the effective ones. This assay is simple, precise, rapid, has no washing steps and is convenient for handling a large volume of material. We apply this assay in clinical practice.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1987

Contribution of the mannan O side-chains to the adjuvant action of lipopolysaccharides.

Klebsiella 03 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and Escherichia coli 09 LPS were previously shown to have potent adjuvant activities in augmenting antibody response and delayed-type hypersensitivity to protein antigens. The R form LPS extracted from the O-specific polysaccharide-less mutants derived from Klebsiella 03 and E. coli 09 strains were characterized by chemical and electrophoretic analyses. The adjuvant activities of the R-LPS in augmenting antibody response and DTH to protein antigens were much weaker than those of the parental LPS. The strength of the adjuvant activities of the R-LPS was similar to that of the activities of Salmonella minnesota LPS and Ra-LPS. By contrast, polyclonal B-cell activation effects of the R-LPS were stronger than those of the parental LPS. The common feature of the parental LPS is that their O-specific polysaccharides are mannose homopolymers (mannans). From these results, it is suggested that mannose homopolymers as the O side-chains of LPS contribute to the action of LPS in enhancing strongly the T-cell dependent immune responses to protein antigens.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1987

Preliminary study for application of anti-alpha-fetoprotein monoclonal antibody to boron-neutron capture therapy.

Boron-neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has been applied clinically, especially in brain-neuro surgery. We intended to expand the application of BNCT for the treatment of abdominal cancers and tried to determine whether MoAb (monoclonal antibody) against AFP (alpha-fetoprotein) could be useful tool to deliver boron-10 (10B) to AH-66 hepatoma cells for BNCT. Firstly, MoAb was boronated by mixing with 10B-compound (Cs2 10B12H11SH) by using N-succinimidyl 3(2-pyridyldithio)propionate (SPDP). Numbers of 10B atoms bound to an antibody molecule were in proportion to the dose of 10B-compound added, and maximum number of 10B atoms conjugated to an antibody molecule was approximately 1240. Secondly, using this boronated MoAb, 10B was delivered to AH-66 cells, and 11 X 10(9) 10B atoms were estimated to be on and/or in an AH-66 cell. After the irradiation with thermal neutron, boronated AH-66 cells showed decreasing uptake of [3H]TdR in proportion to the number of 10B atoms bound to and/or incorporated into the tumor cells. These results indicate that 10B atoms delivered by MoAb exert cytotoxic effect on AH-66 cells in a dose dependent manner by thermal neutron irradiation.

Animals↗