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Biomedical subjects

Y Fujii

Publications and source records attributed to Y Fujii.

At least 973 records · Page 54Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Clinical and experimental study of pancreatic exocrine function after pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary carcinoma.

The residual pancreatic exocrine function before and after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for periampullary carcinoma was studied clinically as well as experimentally. In clinical instances (n = 35), the N-Benzoyl-L-Tyrosil-p-Aminobenzoic Acid test (BTPABA test) before and within two months after PD revealed reduction of the function compared with those in the control study. However, the test result one year after PD was improved compared with those before and within two months after operation, without differences from that of the control group. In new canine PD models in which drainage of the pancreatic duct, 50 per cent pancreatectomy and duodenojejunectomy were performed after three months of pancreatic duct obstruction, fibrosis surrounding the pancreatic duct was disclosed. However, the results of examination five months after PD revealed a milder degree of pancreatic fibrosis without aggravation of the lesion. The aforementioned findings indicated that the exocrine pancreas before PD was impaired due to obstructive pancreatitis and that the postoperative pancreatic function was well preserved at the level close to that in the control group even after approximately 50 per cent resection of the pancreas, if pancreatic duct drainage was effectively performed.

4-Aminobenzoic Acid↗
PubMed1988

[An autopsy case of a persistent primitive trigeminal artery aneurysm].

A case of an aneurysm on the persistent primitive trigeminal artery (PPTA) is reported. A seventy-five-year-old woman with subarachnoid hemorrhage was admitted to the Hospital six hours after the onset. She was lethargic and had stiffness of her neck with severe headache and vomiting. Computed tomographic examination showed marked subarachnoid hemorrhage in the basal cisterns, especially in the ambient cistern on the right side. Cerebral angiogram revealed the right PPTA having a saccular aneurysm on the trunk. Her advanced age and the special location of the aneurysm did not allow direct operation in the acute stage. She died of rebleeding of the aneurysm thirty days after admission. Pathological study showed that the PPTA was originated from the cavernous portion of the right internal carotid artery and joined to the cephalad portion of the basilar artery. The aneurysm, 10 X 7 mm in size, was located at the curved midportion of PPTA, 9 mm proximal to the basilar artery. The proximal portion of the PPTA to the aneurysm had severe arteriosclerosis, whereas the distal portion showed less sclerotic change. However, there were no evidences of developmental anomaly in the wall of the PPTA. Eighteen cases of PPTA with the aneurysm arisen from PPTA itself or at its junction with internal carotid artery have been previously reported. PPTA in any case has not been examined pathologically. It has been speculated that dysplasia of the PPTA wall contributes to initiating the aneurysm on the PPTA. However our histopathological examination of the PPTA revealed no evidence of dysplasia in the PPTA wall.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[Serial spectral EEG analysis in a patient with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma complicated by leukoencephalopathy induced by high-dose methotrexate].

An autopsy case of disseminated necrotizing leukoencephalopathy in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma associated with high-dose methotrexate (HD-MTX) is reported. The patient was a 5-year-old girl, who was admitted to Hamamatsu University School of Medicine because of an abdominal mass in April, 1984. She was diagnosed as having diffuse lymphoma, medium cell type, according to the LSG classification of a biopsied specimen of the liver mass and great omental lymph nodes. Chemotherapy containing HD-MTX was given until the first bone marrow relapse occurred in September, 1985. Subsequently, the physical and CT findings were normal except for decrement of deep tendon reflex, though slight gait disturbance was apparent. In serial spectral EEG analysis, the alpha/s ratio showed slowing activity upon administration of HD-MTX, and it became irreversible. In June, 1986, second bone marrow relapse occurred, and the patient died in July, 1986. At necropsy, multifocal necroses and extensive spongiosis in the white matter of the parietal and occipital lobes were revealed in the bilateral hemispheres of the cerebrum and cerebellum. Irregular confluent demyelination and necroses were also present in the brain stem, especially the pons. Therefore, serial EEG analysis might be a means of achieving early detection of leukoencephalopathy in HD-MTX-treated patients.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

[An autopsy case of persistent primitive hypoglossal artery with multiple cerebral aneurysms].

An autopsy case of persistent primitive hypoglossal artery (PPHA) with multiple cerebral aneurysms is reported. A 54-year-old man with subarachnoid hemorrhage was admitted to Kuwana Hospital three days after the onset. The patient was stuporous and had stiffness of the neck. A computed tomogram showed hematoma in the interhemispheric fissure, subarachnoid hemorrhage in the basal cisterns and bilateral Sylvian fissures, and maxked dilatation of ventricles. Cerebral angiogram revealed the left PPHA and multiple aneurysms at the right anterior cerebral artery (A 2) (ruptured), anterior communicating artery, left anterior cerebral artery (A 1), left internal carotid-anterior choroidal artery junction, right internal carotid artery (C 1), and right middle cerebral artery. Neck clipping of the ruptured aneurysm and ventricular drainage were performed on the day of admission. Eight days after admission he died of rupture of the residual aneurysm. In pathological study, the PPHA was originated from the extracranial portion of the left internal carotid artery, 2 cm distal from the cervical carotid bifurcation, entered the intracranial space through the hypoglossal foramen, and turned into the basilar artery. There were six aneurysms which were shown on cerebral angiogram and another aneurysm on the left anterior inferior cerebellar artery. Microscopic examination revealed atherosclerotic change of the PPHA, true aneurysmal changes of the seven aneurysms and defect of tunica media (Forbus' medial gap) at all of the arterial bifurcations without early aneurysmal changes.

Arterio-Arterial Fistula↗
PubMed1987

Production of interleukin 1 alpha-like factor and colony-stimulating factor by a squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid (T3M-5) derived from a patient with hypercalcemia and leukocytosis.

In order to elucidate the pathogenesis of humoral hypercalcemia and leukocytosis in a 71-year-old patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid, bone-resorbing activity (BRA) and colony-stimulating activity in the conditioned medium of T3M-5 cells, a clonal cell line established from the tumor, were studied. Gel chromatography of the concentrated conditioned medium revealed respective single peaks of colony-stimulating activity (Mr approximately 27,000) and BRA (Mr 15,000-20,000). BRA did not elicit parathyroid-hormone-like activity but greatly enhanced phytohemagglutinin-induced thymocyte proliferation. This interleukin 1 (IL-1)-like activity exactly coeluted with BRA upon gel chromatography, DEAE-Sepharose ion-exchange chromatography, and isoelectric focusing (pI, 4.7-5.2). BRA was partially inhibited by indomethacin and hydrocortisone, and completely inhibited by anti-IL-1 alpha antiserum, whereas anti-IL-1 beta antiserum had no effect. Furthermore, transplantation of T3M-5 cells into nude mice caused marked hypercalcemia as well as leukocytosis. These findings suggested that excessive production of colony-stimulating factor and IL-1 alpha-like factor by the squamous cell carcinoma was responsible for leukocytosis and hypercalcemia, respectively, in the tumor-bearing nude mice and in the patient. Since several similar cases have been reported in Japan, the syndrome of leukocytosis and hypercalcemia associated with certain solid tumors may constitute a new paraneoplastic syndrome.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

In vivo antitumor effect of lymphokine-activated rodent polymorphonuclear leukocytes.

In vivo tumor inhibitory activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) treated in vitro with lymphokine(s) (LK) was investigated with Winn's assay. Culture supernatants of BALB/c mouse spleen cells incubated with a streptococcal preparation, OK-432, were used as an LK source. With the use of a [3H]uridine release assay, RL male-1 tumor cells were lysed to some extent by peritoneal BALB/c mouse PMN treated with this LK preparation. With Winn's assay, LK-treated PMN from BALB/c mice completely inhibited the growth of the admixed syngeneic tumor at a high effector to target ratio, when normal mice were used as recipients. When X-irradiated mice or nude mice were used as recipients, the tumor growth was partially inhibited by admixed LK-treated PMN, but the tumor began to grow gradually and finally killed the recipient mice, even when a high effector target ratio was used. When nude mice which had been given i.v. transfers of nylon wool column effluent spleen cells were used as recipients, the tumor inhibitory activity of LK-treated PMN was recovered to the same level as when normal mice were used as recipients. On the other hand, tumor inhibition by admixed LK-treated PMN in nude mice was not recovered by the transfer of X-irradiated nylon column effluent T-cells. As a mechanism of tumor inhibition by LK-treated PMN, a possible role of LK-treated PMN in reduction of tumor load is discussed.

2-Chloroadenosine↗
PubMed1987

Tumor necrosis factor type alpha (cachectin) stimulates mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) to produce macrophage-colony stimulating activity and prostaglandin E2.

To elucidate the mechanism of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced bone resorption, the effects of recombinant human TNF-alpha on mouse osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3-E1) were studied. TNF-alpha stimulated MC3T3-E1 cells to produce prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and macrophage colony stimulating activity (M-CSA) in a dose-dependent manner. TNF decreased alkaline phosphatase (AL-P) activity of MC3T3-E1 cells. These TNF effects were observed at 1 ng/ml (approximately 6 X 10(-11)M). The inhibitory effect on AL-P activity was reversible and the cell growth of MC3T3-E1 cells was only slightly affected by TNF. These findings suggest that both PGE2 and M-CSA stimulated by TNF-alpha are possibly involved in osteoblast-mediated osteoclastic bone resorption, whereas inhibition of AL-P activity may lead to a decrease in bone formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Differentiation therapy of a myelomonocytic leukemia (c-WRT-7) in rats by injection of lipopolysaccharide and daunomycin.

We examined the therapeutic effect of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a differentiation inducer, in combination with daunomycin, an antileukemia drug possessing differentiation-inducing potential, on a rat myelomonocytic leukemia (c-WRT-7). c-WRT-7 cells were found to differentiate into macrophage-like cells and to lose their growth capacity both in vitro and in vivo after incubation with LPS. Morphological differentiation of c-WRT-7 cells was observed in diffusion chambers which had been inserted into the abdominal cavity of syngeneic WKA rats given injections of LPS. A series of i.p. injections of LPS resulted in the complete inhibition of the leukemia development in about 60% of the rats while the remaining rats showed a significant prolongation of survival time when they were given i.p. injections of LPS-sensitive c-WRT-7 cells. The effect of LPS was minimal, however, in those rats which had been given i.p. injections of LPS-hyporesponsive c-WRT-7 cells. Although an i.v. injection of 100 untreated c-WRT-7 cells was enough to kill the syngeneic rats, combination treatment with LPS and daunomycin was able to inhibit completely the development of leukemia in those rats which had been given i.v. injections of LPS-sensitive c-WRT-7 cells, whereas the same treatments were only partially effective in the prolongation of survival among those rats which had been given i.v. injections of LPS-hyporesponsive c-WRT-7 cells. Our studies show that LPS was capable of curing a proportion of rats and that it significantly prolonged the survival of the remainder who had received a transplantation of the differentiation-sensitive leukemia cells; this action was significantly enhanced by the associated administration of daunomycin.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Presence of abundant filaments in apical caps of the nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial (Clara) cells.

The nonionic detergent Triton X-100 has often been used for the extraction of cytoplasmic materials. We used the detergent in a vascular perfusion medium when preparing rat lung in order to observe the cytoskeleton of the nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial (Clara) cells. To eliminate some cytoplasmic materials selectively and to maintain good fine cell structure simultaneously, the lungs were perfused sequentially with the detergent (0.2% Triton X-100) alone for 2 min, with a mixture of low-concentration (0.1%) glutaraldehyde and detergent (0.2% Triton X-100) for 15 min, and finally with 2.5% glutaraldehyde for 5-10 min. After fixation, the nonciliated bronchiolar epithelial (Clara) cells were observed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. At the apical region of the cells, there were central cytoplasmic protuberances (apical caps) filled with microfilaments. These filaments were bound at one end to the cytoplasmic side of the cell membrane and ran into the interior of the cytoplasm at the other end. As a control, the Clara cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy after perfusion with 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution. The luminal surfaces of the cells were covered with short, thick microvilli. The apical caps also had microvillus-like protrusions. These results suggest that the apical cap is not an apocrine droplet but rather is a stable structure involved in the function of the Clara cells.

Actin Cytoskeleton↗