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Biomedical subjects

Y Fu

Publications and source records attributed to Y Fu.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Relation between selenium and cancer of uterine cervix].

Selenium (Se) concentration in serum, hair, normal cervix tissue or tissue of cervix cancer of 20 cases with cancer of uterine cervix (survey group), 21 with myoma of the uterus and 1 with cervical polys (control group), but also in rice, water and soil in the high and low incidence areas of cervical cancer was determined. The results showed that Se concentration in serum and cancer tissue of uterine cervix in patients with cancer of uterine cervix was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05), but no significant difference of Se concentration in hair was observed (P > 0.05), However Se concentration in rice, water and soil in the high incidence areas of cervical cancer was significantly lower than that in the low incidence areas (P < 0.05). Se deficiency may play a role in the carcinogenesis of uterine cervix.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Immune function of red blood cell (RBC) in patients with obstructive jaundice].

Twenty-six patients with obstructive jaundice were investigated for RBC immune function. It was found that C3b receptor's E rosette forming rate in jaundiced patients was significantly lower than that of nonjaundiced patients, and the C3b receptor's E rosette forming inhibitory rate was higher than that of nonjaundiced patients. The RBC immune function disturbance may contribute to the postoperative sepsis in jaundiced patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

[Chemical constituents of Stellera chamaejasme L].

Twelve compounds were isolated from the roots of Stellera chamaejasma. Five of them were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical methods as 3', 14-dimethyl-4', 11-dimethoxy-5, 7-dihydroxybenzoflavanone (10), daphnetin (1), umbelliferone (2), daucosterol (5) and beta-sitosterol (3). Compound 10 is new. Compounds 1, 2, 5, 10 were isolated for the first time from S. chamaejasme.

Benzoflavones↗
PubMed1995

[Relationship between the rate of parasitic infection and the knowledge of prevention].

The relationship between the rate of parasitic infection and the level of knowledge of prevention was studied among 5479 persons allocated to 12 randomly selected groups. Stools were examined for parasitic infection by using Kato-Katz, iodine direct smear amd tube culturing methods. Children under 15 were examined for Enterobius infection by cellophane tape method. Individuals were considered infected when any parasite species was found in the stool and the infection rate was computed. The score on knowledge of prevention was measured by devising a questionnaire comprising 11 questions on parasitic disease transmission, clinical signs and prevention methods. Ten marks were given for each question correctly answered. The result of the investigation showed that the total infection rate was 52.2% and there was no significant difference between males and females (X2 = 1.94, P > 0.05). The infection rate increased with a decrease in the level of education and the highest was found in 5-year-old age group. There were altogether 7 species of parasites detected in all age groups. The infection rate of Ascaris lumbricoides was 31.3%; Trichuris trichiura, 34.1%; hookworm, 5.3%; Enterobius vermicularis, 20.3%(227+1 117); Fasciolopsis buski, 0.8%; Entamoeba coli, 0.8%; Giardia lamblia, 0.2%. The average score on knowledge was 41.9, being significantly higher in males than in females. Analysis for the age distribution showed that the highest score was found in 15-year-old age group. The data of infection rate of different parasites were converted by arcsine transformation and compared with the average score, showing that there were negative relations between the average score and the infection rate of Trichuris, hookwork, Entamoeba and the total incidence. The value of r was --0. 5534, --9.5557, --0.6091 and --0.604. respectively. The number of parasite species infecting individuals was also found to have negative relation to the score on knowledge of prevention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Cytokine production by primary bone marrow megakaryocytes.

Primary human bone marrow megakaryocytes were studied for their ability to express and release cytokines potentially relevant to their proliferation and/or differentiation. The purity of the bone marrow megakaryocytes was assessed by morphologic and immunocytochemical criteria. Unstimulated marrow megakaryocytes constitutively expressed genes for interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), IL-6, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Northern blot analysis. At the protein level, megakaryocytes secreted significant amounts of IL-1 beta (53.6 +/- 3.6 pg/mL), IL-6 (57.6 +/- 15.6 pg/mL), and GM-CSF (24 +/- 4 pg/mL) but not TNF-alpha. Exposure of human marrow megakaryocytes to IL-1 beta increased the levels of IL-6 (87.3 +/- 2.3 pg/mL) detected in the culture supernatants. Transforming growth factor-beta was also able to stimulate IL-6, IL-1 beta, and GM-CSF secretion, but was less potent than stimulation with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA). The secreted cytokines acted additively to maintain and increase the number of colony-forming unit-megakaryocytes colonies (approximately 35%). These studies demonstrate the production of multiple cytokines by isolated human bone marrow megakaryocytes constitutively or stimulated in vitro. The capacity of human megakaryocytes to synthesize several cytokines known to modulate hematopoietic cells supports the concept that there may be an autocrine mechanism operative in the regulation of megakaryocytopoiesis.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1994

Abnormal class I assembly and peptide presentation in the nonobese diabetic mouse.

Presentation of self-antigens by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules requires the function of the MHC class II-linked genes Tap-1 and Tap-2. Evidence suggests that interruption of self-peptide presentation results in reduced cell surface expression of MHC class I molecules and the interruption correlates with progression to diabetic autoimmunity in nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice and humans. NOD mice possess a rare Tap-1 allele (Tap-1b); this is associated with reduced Tap-1 mRNA abundance in lymphocytes from diabetes-prone females and decreased conformationally correct class I molecules on the cell surface. In this study, we demonstrate that, similar to lymphoma cell lines with mutations in Tap-1 or Tap-2, the reduced expression of class I molecules on the surface of lymphocytes from diabetes-prone female NOD mice was normalized by incubation at low temperatures or by exposure to class I allele-specific peptides. As would be expected for cells that express surface class I molecules not associated with peptide, female NOD lymphocytes were resistant to lysis by class I-restricted, peptide-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Furthermore, the rate of class I exit from the endoplasmic reticulum of lymphocytes from female NOD mice was delayed as demonstrated by delayed glycosylation. Male NOD mice, which are not prone to diabetes, lacked these functional defects in class I assembly and had near-normal levels of Tap-1 mRNA and exhibited normal density of class I epitopes that were peptide filled. These results are consistent with the possibility that the rare Tap-1b allele is associated with a quantitative defect in Tap-1 expression that influences disease course.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1994

p130/pRb2 has growth suppressive properties similar to yet distinctive from those of retinoblastoma family members pRb and p107.

The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene product, as well as its related protein p107, has been shown clearly to exert its growth suppressive effects in a cell cycle dependent manner. In this study we demonstrate that the introduction of our recently cloned Rb family member p130/pRb2 causes growth arrest in three tumor cell lines. In addition, in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma derived cell line HONE-1, we identified a low level of expression of p130/pRb2, possibly due to gene rearrangement, and a drastic reduction in proliferation upon introduction of a constitutive active p130/pRb2 complementary DNA clone. Furthermore, we were able to dissect distinct properties of the Rb family by demonstrating that p130/pRb2 inhibits proliferation of the glioblastoma cell line T98G, which is resistant to the growth suppressive effects of both pRb and p107. Our studies demonstrate that the Rb family proteins identified to date may complement each other but they are not fully functionally redundant.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1994

PITALRE, a nuclear CDC2-related protein kinase that phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein in vitro.

Members of the cell division cycle 2 (CDC2) family of kinases play a pivotal role in the regulation of the eukaryotic cell cycle. In this communication, we report the isolation of a cDNA that encodes a CDC2-related human protein kinase temporarily designated PITALRE for the characteristic Pro-Ile-Thr-Ala-Leu-Arg-Glu motif. Its deduced amino acid sequence is 47% identical to that of the human cholinesterase-related cell division controller (CHED) kinase, which is required during hematopoiesis, and 42% identical to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae SGV1 gene product, a putative kinase involved in the response to pheromone via its guanine nucleotide-binding protein alpha subunit. PITALRE expression is ubiquitous, but its expression levels are different in various human tissues. PITALRE is an approximately 43-kDa protein that associates with three cellular polypeptides of 80, 95, and 155 kDa. PITALRE is localized primarily to the nucleus. In addition, we have identified a retinoblastoma protein kinase activity associated with PITALRE immunocomplexes that cannot phosphorylate histone H1, suggesting that the target phosphorylation site of PITALRE differs from that of CDC2 kinase. Interestingly, the retinoblastoma kinase activity associated with PITALRE does not oscillate during the cell cycle.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Fib420: a normal human variant of fibrinogen with two extended alpha chains.

In fibrinogen, alpha E chains form a subpopulation of alpha subunits that are distinguished by a carboxyl extension homologous to the C termini of the other two constituent chains: beta and gamma. The molecular mass of alpha E is > 50% greater than that of the common alpha subunit, due in part to an extra 236 amino acids. These residues are encoded by exon VI, a recently discovered extension of the fibrinogen alpha gene. Additional mass is contributed by posttranslational processing, including N-glycosylation, which, based on experiments with the inhibitor tunicamycin, was found to account in large measure for alpha E migration on SDS/PAGE at approximately 110 kDa rather than at its calculated mass of 92,843 Da. An antibody specific for the exon VI-encoded domain of alpha E (anti-VI) and capable of recognizing alpha E-containing fibrinogen in both native and denatured form was generated using a recombinant protein as immunogen. Its use in Western blot analysis of fractions of normal human blood (plasma and preparations of fibrinogen) revealed a single, sharp, alpha E-containing band migrating behind the position of the broad, predominant fibrinogen band, (alpha beta gamma)2. Designation of the upper band as Fib420, an approximately 420-kDa homodimer of the formula (alpha E beta gamma)2, is based on the overwhelming proportion of alpha E subunits (> 80% of the total alpha chains) found in anti-VI-immunoprecipitable material from hepatoma cell medium. Several lines of evidence suggest that the alpha E subunit, alone or incorporated into fibrinogen, is more stable than the common alpha chain, a feature of potential clinical importance.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Characterization of cytosolic phospholipases C from porcine aortic endothelial cells.

Phospholipases C (PLCs) are ubiquitous enzymes which play key roles in the response of cells to extracellular agonists. Endothelial cells are involved in myriad normal and pathophysiologic functions. Although it is known that agonists activate PLCs in endothelial cells, second messengers form, and cellular responses ensue, more knowledge is needed about the specific types of PLCs in these cells. To this end, cytosolic PLCs from porcine aortic endothelial cells were partially purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and column chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and heparin-agarose. Three PLC isozymes immunologically similar to bovine brain PLC-beta, PLC-gamma, and PLC-delta were identified. The relative levels of PLC activities in the cytosol were: PLC-beta, 50%; PLC-gamma, 44%; PLC-delta, 6%. The level of PLC-beta activity in porcine endothelial cells appeared higher than the levels reported for several established cell lines, suggesting that this enzyme may play a specific role in endothelial cell function. Elution profiles of PLC activity with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (Ptdlns(4,5)P2) as substrate were similar to those with phosphatidylinositol (Ptdlns) as substrate, indicating that cytosolic PLCs hydrolyze both Ptdlns and Ptdlns(4,5)P2 and no Ptdlns(4,5)P2-specific PLC was present in the cytosol. The catalytic properties of the partially purified PLC isozymes from porcine endothelial cells were similar to their counterparts from bovine brain. These include the dependence of hydrolysis of Ptdlns on Ca2+, the optimal Ca2+ concentrations for the hydrolysis of Ptdlns and Ptdlns(4,5)P2, the pH optima, and the stimulatory effects of deoxycholate.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Chronic subdural hematoma associated with middle meningeal arteriovenous fistula treated by a combination of embolization and burr hole drainage.

A rare case of chronic subdural hematoma associated with a middle meningeal arteriovenous fistula was treated by a combination of embolization and burr hole drainage. This clinical situation might be missed in this era of computed tomography, when cerebral angiography is seldom indicated for the diagnosis of neuro-traumatic diseases. We should bear in mind the possibility of this clinical situation of a chronic subdural hematoma associated with a linear skull fracture crossing the middle meningeal groove in order to avoid possible hemorrhagic complications during surgery for chronic subdural hematoma.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1994

Occurrence of antibodies against chlamydial lipopolysaccharide in human sera as measured by ELISA using an artificial glycoconjugate antigen.

An artificial glycoconjugate containing, as a ligand, the deacylated carbohydrate backbone of a recombinant Chlamydia-specific lipopolysaccharide was used as a solid-phase antigen in ELISA to measure antibodies against chlamydial LPS. The specificity and reproducibility of the assay was shown by using a panel of prototype monoclonal antibodies representing the spectrum of antibodies also occurring in patient sera. These mAbs recognized Chlamydia-specific epitopes [alpha 2-->8-linked disaccharide of 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid (Kdo) or the trisaccharide alpha Kdo-(2-->8)-alpha Kdo-(2-->4)-alpha Kdo] or those shared between chlamydial and Re-type LPS (alpha Kdo, alpha 2-->4-linked Kdo disaccharide). The assay was used to measure IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies against chlamydial LPS in patients with genital or respiratory tract infections. In comparison to the results obtained with sera from blood donors, it became evident that both types of infection result in significant changes in the profile of LPS antibodies.

Antibodies, Bacterial↗
PubMed1994

"Kissing aneurysms" of the internal carotid artery.

Five patients with kissing aneurysms (adherent internal carotid-posterior communicating artery and ipsilateral internal carotid-anterior choroidal artery aneurysms) are reported. There was female predominance and the subarachnoid hemorrhage was commonly due to rupture of the proximal posterior communicating artery aneurysm. Despite the demonstration of angiographic cleavage, the two aneurysms adhere to each other, which makes surgical dissection difficult. Meticulous dissection of the aneurysmal necks and preservation of the blood flow in the anterior choroidal artery are of vital importance.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Microprocessor-programmed infusion of theophylline rapidly attained expected steady-state level in rabbit plasma.

A self-made microprocessor-programmed (two-compartmental model) infusion controller was connected with an infusion pump, which achieved an expected steady-state plasma concentration (Cpss) rapidly (5 T1(2)alpha) and maintained the level. Theophylline was selected as an example, and its pharmacokinetic parameters of rabbits, expected Cpss, body weight (wt), and infusion time (t) were input. The programmed infusion rate (Kt) was determined by the following equation: (Kt) = Cpss.K10.Vc.wt (1 + [(K21-beta)/beta]EXP(-K21t)) and the predicted value was calculated by the formula: C(t) = Cpss X [1-EXP(-alpha t)]. The needed concentration and total volume of drug were automatically shown on the screen. The drug was automatically infused after pumping, and the plasma concentration of theophylline was measured by colorimetric method. The results showed that the median absolute value of the performance error (MAVPE) was 8.3%. Although T1(2)beta of theophylline was 6.08 h, the expected Cpss was attained in only 30 min (5 T1(2)alpha) after start of infusion and then well maintained.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Rebleeding of ruptured intracranial aneurysms in the acute stage].

Among the cases of ruptured aneurysms we have handled, some patients have rebled before surgery was performed. In this study, we examine the factors that contribute to the rerupture of cerebral aneurysms in the acute stage and suggest measures to prevent rerupture prior to surgery. We have encountered 32 cases of rebleeding prior to surgery. The rebleeding occurred within six hours of the initial subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in 26 patients, among whom 21 rebled within three hours. Thirteen patients rebled during bed rest, 10 patients during angiography, 4 patients during CT scan and 5 patients in various other circumstances. Nine of the 10 patients who rebled during angiography had undergone the procedure within three hours of the initial SAH. Overall, the patients' condition deteriorated substantially after rebleeding. Considering these circumstances surrounding aneurysmal rerupture, we suggest the following measures for the prevention of preoperative rerupture in the acute stage: 1) maintenance of lowered blood pressure during the risky period; 2) intentional delay of performance of angiography until at least hours after the initial rupture, and 3) performance of surgery on an emergency basis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Relationship between syndrome differentiation and blood total fibrinolytic activity, superoxide dismutase and albumin in nephrosis syndrome].

Relationship between the Syndrome Differentiation and total fibrinolytic activity (TFA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), serum albumin (Alb) was observed in 118 pediatric patients with nephrosis syndrome. The results suggested that there was significant difference between Damp-Heat type and Spleen Deficiency type in terms of blood TFA, SOD and serum Alb. Very significant positive correlation was found between serum Alb and TFA, P < 0.01. The level of TFA in pediatric patients with edema was significantly lower than that in normal children, the more the degree of edema, the more the level of TFA activity. It was shown that there would be possibility to find intrinsic connection between Syndrome Differentiation and laboratory findings.

Adolescent↗