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Y Brun

Publications and source records attributed to Y Brun.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Biotypes, serotypes and phage types of caprine strains of Staphylococcus aureus.

Nine of 11 caprine strains of Staphylococcus aureus examined belong to biotype C. They were typable serologically using antisera developed for typing human strains of Staphylococcus aureus. H2 was found to be the dominant thermostable antigen whilst 1 and 0 were the most common thermolabile antigens. Some strains possessed protein A and poly A beta (beta-glucosaminyl ribitol teichoic acid). Phage typing of the strains was achieved with an international set of phages for typing human strains of Staphylococcus aureus and they belong to phage groups II, and the mixed group.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[In vitro antibacterial activity of cefmenoxime (SCE 1365)].

617 clinical isolates were tested, 592 of which were from hospital source. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of cefmenoxime were determined by a microtiter dilution method, using Mueller-Hinton broth. The results obtained give a 92% agreement with the reference agar-dilution method. Cefmenoxime shows a potent activity against Enterobacteriaceae (n = 420): the modal MIC is less than or equal to 0,03 mg/l, and 90% of them are inhibited by 1 mg/l. Some isolates require a higher concentration, above 32 mg/l: Enterobacter (8%), indole-positive Proteus (13%), Serratia (3%), Citrobacter (3%). Pseudomonas (n = 71) and Acinetobacter (n = 62) appear to be less susceptible than Enterobacteriaceae. The modal MIC is 16 mg/l and the concentration inhibiting 90% of the isolates is above 32 mg/l. The modal MIC of cefmenoxime against Staphylococcus aureus (n = 64) is 1 mg/l, and 90% of the strains belonging to this species are inhibited by 32 mg/l.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1983

[Antibacterial activity of apalcillin against 300 strains of enterobacteria].

The in vitro bacteriostatic activity of apalcillin was compared with those of piperacillin, mezlocillin and carbenicillin. The minimal inhibitory concentrations determined by a microtiter dilution method, show a bi-modal distribution: apalcillin, piperacillin: 1 mg/l - greater than 128 mg/l; mezlocillin: 2 mg/l - greater than 128 mg/l; carbenicillin: 4 mg/l - greater than 128 mg/l. Two thirds of the isolates are inhibited by 8 mg/l of any antibiotic, except carbenicillin (128 g/l). Two genus seem less susceptible: Klebsiella display modal MIC of apalcillin and piperacillin equal to 4 mg/l and above 128 mg/l: Serratia isolates resist to 128 mg/l, whatever antibiotic is considered. The in vitro bactericidal activity of apalcillin was evaluated by killing-curves method against 8 Enterobacteriaceae strains. Used at a concentration equal to the MIC or twice the MIC, apalcillin produces a 1,5-2 log10 reduction in viable count, 3 hours after the addition of antibiotic.

Ampicillin↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of storage time at -20 degrees C on the determination of serum concentrations of tobramycin in the presence of 6 beta-lactams].

We assessed the role of six beta-lactam antibiotics and of storage time at - 20 degrees C, in inactivation of tobramycin in patients' sera. Several ranges of concentrations were used for the combined antibiotics. The tobramycin concentrations were measured both by microbiological assay (plate diffusion) and an enzyme mediated immunoassay technique (EMIT). Using the bioassay method, the results after 8 days of frozen storage were as follows: carbenicillin and ticarcillin (256 mg/l) induced a 40-50% reduction of tobramycin activity, whereas mezlocillin (256 mg/l) had less effect: a 15-20% reduction. After 15 days at -20 degrees C the results were nearly the same except for azlocillin (256 mg/l), increasing its percentage reduction to 20%. The results obtained by EMIT procedure were significantly better after 8 days of frozen storage: only mezlocillin (5% reduction) and azlocillin (10%) were effective. Nevertheless after 15 days at -20 degrees C, the inactivating action of the pre-cited antibiotics were similar to those obtained at the same time with the bioassay method. Piperacillin and cefsulodin never induced any reduction of tobramycin levels, whatever the time of storage or quantification procedure used. So, our opinion is that patients' sera containing a beta-lactam antibiotic in combination with tobramycin should be assayed immediately upon receipt. Keeping it at -20 degrees C is not sufficient to prevent in vitro tobramycin inactivation.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1983

[Value of the study of fibrinogen affinity in the identification of Staphylococcus aureus. Results of a multicenter study].

The passive haemagglutination reaction for detecting the Staphylococcus aureus fibrinogen affinity was done in a collaborative study. The test was compared to the major tests used in medical microbiology. The test was as efficient as the protein A or coagulase tests. Its simplicity, rapidity and specificity make it a useful tool for the diagnosis of this species.

Fibrinogen↗
PubMed1982

[Comparative in vitro activity of dibekacin, gentamicin and tobramycin on 617 bacterial strains].

Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of 3 aminoglycosides (dibekacin, gentamicin, tobramycin) have been recorded with 617 hospital strains. 4 mg/l of tobramycin inhibited 82 to 84% of Enterobacteria, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter and S. Aureus; the less sensitive species are Serratia (51%) and Citrobacter (68%). 4 mg/l concentration of gentamicin or dibekacin inhibited 80-83% of Pseudomonas and S. Aureus, 78-79% of Acinetobacter and 74% of Enterobacteria. Dibekacin shows an in vitro activity superior to that of gentamicin and inferior to that of tobramycin on Klebsiella and Proteus mirabilis, but is rather to that of gentamicin and tobramycin on all other bacteria species.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1981

Antigenic properties and susceptibility to antibiotics of strains of Staphylococcus aureus in the 94, 96 phage complex.

Out of the 2,527 strains typed in 1976, 1977, 1978 and 1979, 226 strains (8.94%) were lysed by phages 94, 96 or 94 + 96. The two phages lyse together 83.17% of strains, whilst phage 94 alone lyses only 3.96% and phage 96 alone 12.87%. 94/96 strains have the S. aureus species antigens, particularly that of biotype A (human) at levels similar to those previously described: Protein A 96%, beta Ribitol teichoic acid (93%). Very characteristic is the presence in these strains of type antigens c1 (89%) and sigma (92%), which are significantly unusual or absent in the strains of other phages types. 94-96 complex strains are sensitive to antibiotics except resistance to Penicillin G (95%), Tetracycline (48%), Doxycycline (25%). Relation between lysis by phages 94-96 and presence of antigens c1 and sigma is discussed.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1980

[Actinomycotic brain abscess. (about four observations) (author's transl)].

The authors report four observations of actinomycotic brain abcess. One patient with multiple hemispheric abcesses and with stomatologic and pulmonary lesions, one with seemingly primary cerebellar abcess, one with associated hemispheric abcess associated with pneumopathy. About these four cases, they discuss the role of actinomycosis in infectious diseases of the central nervous system, and the elements necessary for the diagnosis. The neurological syndrom is not specific, but the discovery of visceral lesions is an excellent argument. From the histological point of view, the discovery of "granules" containing the bacteria conforms the diagnosis by special colorations. From the bacteriological point of view, the isolation of the germ is easy but its specific identification necessitates special techniques. The diagnosis of actinomycosis is indispensible to begin a correct treatment. For the authors, this treatment must associate surgical excision of the most extensive lesions and adapted antibiotherapy for more than four months.

Actinomycosis↗
PubMed1979

[Prevention of hospital-acquired infection. Efficacy of isolation procedures in a neurological intensive care unit (ICU) (author's transl)].

Isolation procedures were adopted after usual measures failed to control hospital-acquired infection in a neurological ICU. All patients with an intubation or a tracheostomy were treated in individual rooms following the rules of strict isolation. The circulation of contaminated equipments was strictly isolated from the rest of the ICU. The efficacy of this isolation policy was aasessed by comparing the rates of hospital-acquired infections during the year before and the year after its adoption. The rates of pulmonary infections and venous catheters infections were significantly reduced (p less than or equal to 0.001). The rates of septicemias and urinary infections were relatively unaffected. The mortality caused by nosocomial infections showed a 64% fall (p less than 0.001) which accounted for a 29% reduction in the overall mortality (p less than 0.05). The average stay in the ICU was shortened by 20% and antibiotics consumption declined by 64% leading to substantial savings of money. The activity of the ICU as reflected by the number of admitted patients was unaffected.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Factor analysis fever in the early postoperative period following cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in adults. Correlation with bacteriological data. Statistical study of 518 case histories by computer].

The results of a continuous series of 518 adults undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass surgery, operated on by the same surgeon, comprising valvular replacement and aorto-coronary bypass surgery with a peroperative protocol of asepsis and a short prophylactic course of Penicillin and Streptomycin, a preoperative and postoperative bacteriological study, were treated by computer. The postoperative temperature chart showed a progressively decreasing pyrexia in the first 8 days after cardiopulmonary bypass. The nature of the operation, the bypass time, the quantity of blood used during operation and the blood loss were statistically significant factors. Patients with a clinical infection had significantly higher temperatures from the first on. 8,9% of patients had a febrile reaction which continued after the 10th day after cardiopulmonary bypass. The cause was not always apparent but the appearance of their temperature graphs was distinguishable after the first week. Analysis of the systematic bacterial specimens showed bacterial contamination of nearly 10% of drains, 10% of blood cultures, over 15% of intravenous infusion catheters and 70% of urinary catheters. The significance of these results is discussed. The normal appearance of the temperature chart after cardiopulmonary bypass surgery in the absence of clinical complications and bacterial contamination has been established.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1978

Micromethod for biochemical identification of coagulase-negative staphylococci.

We have endeavored to elaborate a suitable method for easy and rapid identification in clinical microbiology laboratories of the different species of infection-inducing, coagulase-negative staphylococci. Ten type strains described by Kloos and Schleifer and 269 strains isolated from 95 patients were tested; the classical tests were used for determination of Staphylococcus species. Strains were identified by using the Kloos-Schleifer reference method and the micromethod simultaneously. After preliminary tests on 77 substrates, 19 were retained, 15 for determination of species and 4 to reveal biotypes. The substrates were placed in wells in a rigid strip of inert plastic. Inoculation of wells was carried out with rich microbial suspensions in a special medium; reading of substrate reactions was done after incubation for 48 h at 35 degree C. The intrasystem reproducibility was excellent, from 91 to 100% for the 19 substrates. It was in excellent agreement with the reference method, 100% for type strains and 97.9% for hospital-isolated strains. Because it is simple and easy to reproduce, the micromethod will be most useful in clinical and ecological microbiology laboratories.

Bacteriological Techniques↗