[The value of ultrasonography in renal transplantation].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to Y Aso.
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Concentrations of cefotaxime (CTX) in serum and prostatic tissue were studied in human and rat. CTX kept high level of 40 to 100 micrograms/g in prostatic tissue at least as long as 2 hours following intraperitoneal injection in a dosis of 100 mg/kg of body weight in rat. Patients intravenously injected of 1 g of CTX showed the activity of 6.8 +/- 4.1 micrograms/g in prostatic tissue.
Moristerol was orally administered in 20 cases of benign prostatic hypertrophy. One capsule of Moristerol contained 200 mg of soysterol . In all the cases, 9 capsules of Moristerol were given per day in three divided doses for 6 weeks. Clinical improvement was observed in 11 of the 20 cases (55%). It consisted mainly of subjective complaints such as improvement of dysuria, narrow and weak urinary stream and feeling of incomplete voiding. As objective findings, a statistically significant decrease of residual urine volume was noted after treatment, although shrinkage of the enlarged prostate was not clear upon palpation or roentgenography. In addition to the improvement of symptoms, serum lipid peroxide which might be considered to be a provocative cause of benign prostatic hypertrophy, was also significantly decreased by Moristerol administration. No marked side effects were seen in this study.
Serum and renal levels of cefotaxime (CTX) were studied. Biological half-life time values in serum of rat following 100 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection were 27.58 minutes by bioassay and 25.02 minutes by high performance liquid chromatography, and that in kidney was 27.79 minutes by bioassay. CTX attained high levels in kidney of both human and rat. The concentration was higher in the cortex than that in the medulla. The activity could not be detected in the fraction of brush border, mitochondria and lysosome. This finding was thought to be a favorable characteristic in conjunction with the gradual decrease in the kidney tissue parallel to serum level.
Fourteen cases with complicated urinary tract infection were treated with 2 g of cefotaxime for 5 days; in total doses of 10 g. Excellent or good results were obtained in 11 cases (78.6%) and no adverse reaction was observed. A curious finding was the development of eosinophilia in some patients. The causative mechanisms and clinical meanings of the phenomenon have not been clarified.
O-Selective phosphorylation of NH2-unprotected nucleosides via the aluminum or magnesium alkoxides is described.
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Male Wistar rats received 20 mg/kg/day of amikacin (AMK) with or without 200 mg/kg/day of fosfomycin (FOM) for 5 days. Accumulation of AMK in renal lysosome-containing fraction was inhibited by FOM. FOM was reported to interfere with the nephrotoxic properties of aminoglycosides. Our observation supports the finding.
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Isoniazid metabolism in isolated rat hepatocytes was studied by mass fragmentography using single ion monitoring. Isoniazid and its metabolites were determined as the trimethylsilylated derivatives of acetylisoniazid and diacetylhydrazine and of the benzaldehyde hydrazones of isoniazid and acetylhydrazine. Deuterated analogues served as internal standards. Hydrazine was quantitated as benzalazine using 15N-labeled hydrazine as an internal standard. The method is well suited for the microanalysis of isoniazid metabolism, from which it was clarified that the greater part of hydrazine, a hazardous metabolite of isoniazid, was formed through the direct hydrolysis of isoniazid itself as expected.
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Recently, a new antibiotic of cephamycins, cefmetazole (CMZ) has been developed. In our clinic, CMZ was used to examine its clinical effect and adverse reactions, and the results were herein reported. The CMZ was administered to 8 patients for the prevention of postoperative infections, 7 with genitourinary infections and 1 with maxillitis complicated with uremia. For these patients, a daily dose of 1 to 6 g of CMZ was intravenously given for a period of 4 to 12 days. Among the 8 patients who received CMZ for the prevention of postoperative infections, there were 1 case with urinary tract infection, 1 with wound infection and 2 with fever of over 38 degrees C, but they had no serious infections. In the clinical observations on 3 cases with pyelonephritis, the CMZ showed marked effectiveness in 2 cases and effectiveness in 1 case. It must be noted that CMZ was proved to be markedly effective for pyelonephritis caused by Serratia marcescens. In the cases with acute epididymitis and prostatitis, a good effect of CMZ was obtained. Similarly in the case with maxillitis complicated with uremia, the maxillitis was improved by the effect of CMZ and hemodialysis. No cases with hepatic or renal dysfunction were observed after using CMZ. It is concluded that satisfactory effect of CMZ was obtained clinically.
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Reaction of mild phosphorylating agents, such as phosphorochloridates or p-nitrophenyl phosphates, and metal alkoxides of nucleosides provides a new entry to nucleoside phosphates. This method has been applied to the dinucleotide synthesis.
Photography during cystourethroscopy has been made lighter and easier with a new system involving a special lecture scope and a 16 mm. camera. With this system endoscopic photographs can be made by pushing a foot pedal. Therefore, the system allows for free movement and full control of the cystourethroscope. Bright and sharp photographs are produced, making them useful in the diagnosis of a case. In addition, the same view can be observed by an operator and an assistant simultaneously.