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Biomedical subjects

Y Asanuma

Publications and source records attributed to Y Asanuma.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Immunological studies on an unusual case of primary pulmonary amyloidosis with hilar adenopathy.

A rare case of primary pulmonary amyloidosis with hilar lymphadenopathy is described. Immunological studies showed decreases in serum IgG and IgM levels. However, both pokeweed mitogen (PWM)-induced IgG production and proliferation of peripheral blood B cells were not disordered. The response of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) to stimulation with PWM, phytohemagglutinin, or concanavalin A was found to be normal. In addition, the proportion of E and EAC rosette-forming cells in PBL from this patient did not differ from that in PBL from normal donors. The positive response of skin test to recall antigens also gave an evidence that the patient had not a depression in systemic cell-mediated immunity. These findings contrast with those previously described for systemic amyloidosis in man and in animals.

Amyloidosis↗
PubMed1982

Circulating immune complexes in rheumatoid arthritis. Selective removal by cryogelation with membrane filtration.

We have developed a system of extracorporeal circulation that removes proteins of the molecular weight of the circulating immune complexes of rheumatoid arthritis by cryogelation with hollow-fiber membrane filtration. A 52-year-old woman with a 36-year history of severe, unremitting, high-titer, seropositive rheumatoid arthritis who had failed to respond to anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, and cytotoxic drugs was chosen for a trial of this system. A rapid and sustained decrease in circulating immune complexes as measured by C1q binding occurred, accompanied by a much slower improvement in clinical factors of disease activity. Rheumatoid factor changed very little and loss of other serum proteins by the procedure was relatively modest. This new procedure was successful in removing circulating immune complexes in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, and in inducing a remission in one who has not had such in 36 years, while sparing volume and other plasma proteins.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1982

Effect of Nocardia rubra cell-wall skeleton on colony-stimulating activity and myeloid colony formation.

The in vivo effect of Nocardia rubra cell-wall skeleton (N-CWS) was studies on the generation of bone marrow granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells [colony-forming units culture (CFU-c)] and on the levels of myeloid colony-stimulating activity (CSA) in the conditioned medium of the lung (LCM) and serum obtained from mice. In vitro bone marrow culture showed that intraperitoneal (ip) treatment of mice with N-CWS markedly enhanced CFU-c formation induced by stimuli in LCM or serum derived from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice. The LCM and serum of mice injected with N-CWS ip were also prepared and assayed for CSA. CSA levels with N-CWS-LCM as well as LPS-LCM used as the standard CSA were markedly greater than those achieved with control LCM. N-CWS-serum also showed a low but significant level of CSA. The CSA level of N-CWS-LCM was maximal at 3 to 5 days after N-CWS injection. These results raise the possibility that enhanced CSA production might be a major mechanism for N-CWS stimulation of granulocyte-macrophage production.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Axial changes of blood and plasma flow, pressure, and cellular deposition in capillary plasma filters.

The ability to separate plasma on-line from whole blood by membranes has generated interest in applying this process to source plasma collection and to the therapeutic treatment of various disease states. The availability of capillary membrane devices in particular has prompted investigations in these areas. The deposition of blood cellular elements has required the investigation of those parameters related to fluid and mass flux. Analytical solutions relating blood flow rate, filtration rate, and pressure and deposition with respect to axial distance have been obtained. Comparison of these solutions with preliminary experimental results have been made. Results indicate that the deposition parameter versus distance from the inlet is a very sensitive function of capillary membrane properties and operating conditions. Plasma fluxes are also highly dependent on blood, membrane, and filter properties and operating conditions.

Blood↗
PubMed1981

A control system for arterial blood gases.

A system was developed to control arterial O2 and CO2 partial pressure (Pao2, and Paco2) simultaneously and independently of each other. The system makes changes in inspired fractional concentration of O2 and CO2 based on values for end-tidal O2 and CO2 partial pressure. The system was applied in 23 normal subjects. In attempts to maintain a Pao2 of 90 Torr and a Paco2 of 40 Torr, arterial blood gases were 91.1 +/- 6.5 (SD) Torr for Pao2 and 41.2 +/- 3.2 Torr for Paco2. In attempts to maintain a Pao2 of 40 Torr and a Paco2 of 40 Torr, arterial blood gases were 40.4 +/- 3.9 Torr for Pao2 and 38.9 +/- 2.5 Torr for Paco2. In attempts to maintain a Pao2 of 90 Torr and a Paco2 of 55 Torr, arterial blood gases were 98.1 +/- 11.5 Torr for Pao2 and 52.8 +/- 3.4 Torr for Paco2. Coefficients of variations ranged from 7.1 to 11.7% for Pao2 and 6.4 to 7.8% for Paco2.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Role of chemosensitivity during exercise in normal subjects and patients with pulmonary emphysema.

In 11 normal subjects (mean age = 22.8 years) and 8 patients with pulmonary emphysema (mean age = 70.4 years), the role of chemosensitivity in determining ventilation, cardiac output, lactic acid, and cyclic AMP and GMP was evaluated quantitatively during 150 or 30 W exercise and simulated exercise. Simulated exercise was done while the subjects took a rest by regulating arterial blood gases at exercise levels in patients and at PaO2 = 65 mm Hg and PaCO2 = 48 mm Hg in normal subjects. In normal subjects, the role of arterial blood gases in determining exercise ventilation, cardiac output, cyclic AMP and GMP are large, while those contributed much less to lactic acid. In patients, PaO2 contributed only half of the exercise ventilation. It accounted for a negligibly small portion of exercise cardiac output, lactic acid, and cyclic GMP. These results indicate, by deduction, that either augmentation of chemosensitivity, pH, or humoral factors is responsible for about half of the changes of exercise ventilation in patients with pulmonary emphysema. These factors seem to influence cardiac output, lactic acid, and cyclic AMP and GMP more strongly than PaO2 alone in exercising patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Relationship between hypoxic and hypercapnic ventilatory responses in man.

Ventilatory responses to hypoxia (A) and hypercapnia (S) were measured in 127 healthy men (105 males and 22 females) by a dual control system for regulating Pa O2 and Pa CO2 simultaneously and independently of each other. The subjects were classified into groups according to sex, age, family history, and genetics (twins). Mean values for A were 138 +/- SD 93 liters/min.mmHg in group I (subjects without family history of chronic lung diseases) and 80 +/- 56 liters/min.mmHg in group II (sons of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or silicosis). The difference was highly significant (P less than 0.001). Mean S were 1.11 +/- 0.39 liters/min.mmHg-1 in group I and 1.16 +/- 0.48 liters/min.mmHg-1 in group H. The difference was not significant. Mean values for A and S in the aged males (mean age = 71.3 years) did not differ from those in 15 adult males (mean age = 29.5 years) and 60 young twins (mean age = 16.4 years). In every respect of age, sex, familial factors, and genetics, A and S were not interrelated. Mouth occlusion pressure (P0.1) was measured during air breathing and it correlated neither with A nor S. These results indicate 1) hypoxic and hypercapnic responses are not strongly related to each other, and 2) the aging process does not alter ventilatory responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Familial aggregation of abnormal ventilatory control and pulmonary function in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

A sex-, age-, obesity, and protease inhibitor-matched study of pulmonary function and ventilatory control was performed on 26 sons of 19 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and 26 control subjects. Mean values for FEV1/FVC and V25 were significantly lower and CV/VC was significantly higher in sons of patients than in the controls. VC, airway resistance, static pulmonary compliance. delta N2, arterial blood gases and pH were not different between sons and controls. When the sons of patients were divided into two groups according to the arterial blood gases of their parents, sons of hypoxemic, hypercapnic parents showed significantly lower hypoxic ventilatory responses than sons of normoxemic, normocapnic parents. Hypercapnic ventilatory responses were not different between sons and controls. Abnormal pulmonary function and low ventilatory responses were more frequently detected in sons than in controls. The association of smoking with abnormalities of pulmonary function was not clearly seen in sons. These results suggest that familial factors (either genetic or environmental) play a significant role in determining the pathogenesis and clinical types of COPD.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pruritus of cholestasis treated with plasma perfusion.

Patients with uncontrollable pruritus secondary to cholestatic liver disease were subjected to plasma perfusion in an attempt to remove the toxins responsible for this symptom. The improvement in the degree of pruritus was dramatic and surprisingly long-lasting in five of six patients. One patient had a response more difficult to evaluate. Serum bile acids levels fell in all patients in whom pruritus improved but not in the patient who responded less favorably.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Chronic ambulatory liver support by membrane plasmapheresis with on-line detoxification.

Blood cellular elements and plasma protein losses are minimal for membrane plasmapheresis with on-line sorbent detoxification. Frequent (6/sk), chronic (3 mos), and long-term (8 hr) perfusions are possible for patients studied. It is recommended in deficiency states involving low protein, hypocoagulability or potential hormonal imbalances that aggressive medical management be applied. With regard to system performance, plasma filtration properties improved by the application of the closed plasma circuit and membranes with superior sieving and filtration properties. The effect of plasma solutes on filtration properties has been noted. In PBC patients the influence of total cholesterol concentration is particularly striking. Significant reduction of FFA and improvement of PMR were achieved in combination with bilirubin removal in liver failure patients, while bile acids (cholyglycine) levels were significantly reduced in 3 of PBC patients who expressed a subjective improvement of about 90% following 3 consecutive treatments. Four of 5 liver failure patients showed improved mental status with one patient surviving.

Adult↗