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Biomedical subjects

Y Asanuma

Publications and source records attributed to Y Asanuma.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Coagulation studies in patients after abdominal surgery].

Coagulation studies were performed in patients who underwent abdominal surgery. One hundred and twenty six patients with cholelithiasis, peptic ulcer and gastric cancer were examined. Although fibrinogen increased up to 560 mg/dl postoperatively, DIC did not occur among these patients, at all. For 30 patients who underwent hepatectomy, esophageal transection or pancreatoduodenectomy, HPT, PT, fibrinogen, platelet count, alpha 2-PI, AT-III, plasminogen and DIC score were investigated until 10 postoperative days. As for 13 patients without liver cirrhosis in this group, deterioration of HPT, PT and AT-III was noted on the second postoperative day, however these parameters improved on the fifth postoperative day and all patients recovered uneventfully. On the contrary, as to patients with liver cirrhosis, changes of coagulation parameters were drastic. Significant decrease of HPT, PT, AT-III, plasminogen and increase of FDP and DIC score were noted after operation and these values deteriorated with time in certain cases. Seven patients out of 17 died of DIC and multiple organ failure. More than half of these patients received Gabexate Mesilate (GM) injection in a dose of 1200 mg/day postoperatively for more than 5 days to prevent DIC. In patients who underwent hepatectomy due to hepatocellular carcinoma with liver cirrhosis, the increase of FDP and DIC score seemed to be inhibited by GM on the fifth postoperative day.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1985

Characteristics of pulmonary function in patients with diabetes mellitus.

The incidence of pulmonary diseases among diabetics in Japan has been found to be more than 50% at death. This suggests the existence of some pulmonary risk factors. We analyzed pulmonary functions in 50 diabetics (31 males and 19 females) without overt lung disease, compared to 21 healthy male subjects of the same age (around 50 years old). Forced vital capacity and timed vital capacity were lower in diabetics (P less than 0.005). Diffusing capacity was also decreased in male diabetics (P less than 0.05). Among diabetics, a decrease in the diffusing capacity was dominant in patients with diabetic retinopathy, which correlated with an increasing duration of their diabetes. Analysis by the partial correlation method which accounts for the smoking index showed that standardized indices for peripheral airflow in male diabetics decreased significantly as the patient's age increased (P less than 0.005); the rate of decrement was greater than that of the control subjects. Diabetic patients showed abnormal lung function in the peripheral airways which increased with age and gas transfer was also affected by diabetic microangiopathy as well as the duration of diabetes. These changes seemed to deteriorate progressively, possibly combining and contributing to respiratory insufficiency in critical pathological conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Effect of plasma exchange on acute pancreatitis.

Plasma exchange was performed in dogs with acute experimental pancreatitis to examine clearance of pancreatic enzymes. Plasma exchange of about 1.6 liters reduced levels of serum amylase, lipase, and phospholipase A2 in a graded fashion down to about 50%. Plasma exchange of 4 liters in a patient with severe pancreatitis produced similar clearance curves of amylase, lipase, trypsin and elastase levels.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Alternations of liver pathophysiology in experimental hepatic failure treated by two forms of plasma purification procedure.

Plasma cross-circulation which resembles plasma exchange and plasma perfusion over charcoal and resin adsorbents were carried out using rats with galactosamine (GalN)-induced hepatic failure to investigate the effects of those plasma purification procedures on damaged liver function. Twenty-four hr after the injection of GalN, the plasma treatment procedures were performed at a plasma flow rate of 0.1 ml/min for 6 hr. Forty-eight hr after the injection of GalN, ATP synthesis in liver mitochondrial function, and ATP and total adenine nucleotide contents in the liver, which were markedly reduced by the GalN administration, were increased by both plasma cross-circulation and plasma perfusion over adsorbents. These results suggest that both plasma purification procedures improve the deterioration of mitochondrial phosphorylation activity and produce an augmented high energy status in the liver. In the histological study of the liver, volume ratio of hepatic parenchyma in the GalN-treated liver to that in the normal liver was significantly higher in rats treated with plasma perfusion than those with sham-perfusion. An efficient removal of the hepatotoxic metabolites from the plasma, therefore, decelerates the progress of GalN induced-liver tissue necrosis, if rats with GalN-induced hepatic failure are treated in an early stage.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1984

Effects of homologous plasma cross-circulation on liver function in galactosamine-induced hepatic necrosis in rats.

Plasma cross-circulation that resembles clinical plasma exchange was carried out in rats with galactosamine (GalN)-treated hepatic failure to investigate its effect on the damaged liver function. Twenty-four hours after the injection of GalN, plasma cross-circulation was performed at a plasma flow rate of 0.1 ml/min for 6 h. At 48 h after the injection of GalN, survival was obtained in 6 of 8 GalN-injected rats treated with plasma cross-circulation as compared with 4 of 10 GalN-injected rats treated with sham circulation. State 3 oxygen consumption and ATP synthesis (mitochondrial respiratory function) and ATP, ADP, and total adenine nucleotide contents in the liver were significantly higher in the former group than in the latter group at that period, as determined by sacrificing the surviving animals. Although the survival rate was not significantly improved, evidence suggests that plasma cross-circulation enhanced mitochondrial phosphorylative activity and produced an augmented high-energy state of the liver, which had been markedly reduced by GalN administration. An efficient removal of toxic metabolites as well as an influx of a large amount of fresh plasma by plasma cross-circulation would be beneficial for the regenerative process of the necrosing liver tissues.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1984

[Mechanisms of high hemoglobin A1 in alcohol drinkers].

Hemoglobin A1 (HbA1) levels were significantly higher in healthy alcohol drinkers (HbA1 = 7.50%, n = 11) than in normal non-drinkers (HbA1 = 6.62%, n = 13). Ethanol was not able to change HbA1 level when ethanol was added to human whole blood in vitro. Acetaldehyde (AcCHO), although, markedly increased it. Glucose utilization in erythrocytes was stimulated by AcCHO. While it was completely blocked by sodium fluoride in the presence of AcCHO in the incubation medium, but sodium fluoride did not affect the formation of HbA1. AcCHO formed HbA1 with human purified hemoglobin in vitro. The level of HbA1 formed by AcCHO was significantly low when purified human hemoglobin used as a substrate in comparison with the use of whole blood. AcCHO and dihydroxyacetone phosphate reacted in the presence of aldolase. The reacted product, 5-deoxy-D-xylulose-1-phosphate, increased HhA1 level of human purified hemoglobin. It is suggested, the high level of HbA1 in healthy drinkers was caused by AcCHO, the first metabolite of ethanol. AcCHO formed addicts with human hemoglobin directly, and there might be other mechanisms of HbA1 formation due to AcCHO, such as 5-deoxy-D-xylulose-1-phosphate, which is the reacted product of AcCHO.

Acetaldehyde↗
PubMed1984

[Long-term cross-circulation on galactosamine induced hepatic failure rats].

Cross-circulation was carried out in between galactosamine treated hepatic failure rats and normal rats and its efficacy was mainly evaluated by measuring mitochondrial respiratory function of the liver. Twenty-four hours after the injection of galactosamine, cross-circulation was performed at a blood flow rate of 1 ml/min for 8 hours. Survival rate of the rats in 48 hours and 60 hours after the injection of galactosamine was 86% and 57% in a cross-circulation group and 66% and 23% in a sham-circulation group, respectively. In a cross-circulation group, there showed significant increases of ATP synthesis per 100 gr. body weight, turnover number of phosphorylation and Cyt a (+a3) which were markedly reduced in a sham-circulation group. These appear to suggest that cross-circulation provides augmented mitochondrial energy supply in the liver and contributes higher survival rate of the rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Homologous plasma cross-circulation on galactosamine induced hepatic failure rats].

Plasma cross-circulation which resembles plasma exchange clinically was carried out in between galactosamine (GalN) treated hepatic failure rats and normal rats. Twenty-four hours after the injection of GalN, plasma cross-circulation was performed at a plasma flow rate of 0.1 ml/min for 6 hours. In eighteen hours after the completion of a procedure, survival rate was 75% (6 out of 8 survived) in GalN injected rats treated with plasma cross-circulation, as compared to 40% (4 out of 10 survived) in GalN injected rats treated with sham-circulation. State 3 oxygen consumption and ATP synthesis in the liver mitochondrial respiratory function, and ATP and total adenine nucleotide contents in the liver in the former group were significantly higher than those in the latter group at the time of sacrifice of the survived animals. These appear to suggest that plasma cross-circulation enhances mitochondrial phosphorylative activity in the liver and may contribute higher survival rate of the rats. Plasma exchange using a large amount of fresh plasma, therefore, would be effective for the treatment of acute liver failure in its early stage.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Hepatic venography in portal hypertension by balloon catheter.

The hepatic venography and wedged hepatic venous pressure measurement were performed in 35 patients with portal hypertension using a balloon catheter, and the results were compared with those obtained by the conventional method. It was revealed that the balloon catheter visualized a broader area of the liver and showed more accurate wedged hepatic venous pressure than the conventional catheter, thereby demonstrating that this is an excellent diagnostic tool for patients with portal hypertension.

Catheterization↗
PubMed1983

[Evaluation of regional pulmonary function test using 11C02, 11C0 and 13N2].

In the present study an attempt was made to evaluate the regional pulmonary function tests using positron gases and comparative studies of pulmonary functions were made using these positron gases and the conventional radioisotopes. In this study, 11CO2, 11CO, and 13N2 were used as positron study and then both 133Xe and 99mTc-MAA were used as conventional study. As fundamental tests, we measured the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the line source of these nuclides and then measured the depth response of energy of these nuclides using the source in water. The subjects comprised normal control subjects, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis etc. as clinical tests. A single image or sequence of dynamic images were photographed by scintillation camera (Searle Pho-Gamma LFOV) equipped with a high energy collimator for positron and simultaneously the data were collected by computer. The detector of the scintillation camera was positioned in the posterior projection of the chest in a sitting position. A single breath method was used and after a short period of breath holding (10-20 min.), the inspired gas washed out for rebreathing room air. From the dynamic images, wash out curve and clearance rate were extracted with the aid of computer. The right lung field was divided into two zones, the upper and lower zones and upper/lower ratio (U/L ratio) of pulmonary distribution or clearance rate (C.R.) were calculated. As fundamental evaluation, resolving distance between positron and 133Xe were similar. But positron was best depth response of gamma-ray energy of the used nuclides. Clinically, 13N2 study and 133Xe study were similar.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1982

Control of breathing in young twins.

To clarify the role of genetics in determining chemical and behavioral control of breathing, an age-, body size-, and sex ratio-matched study was conducted in 62 twins (mean age 16.4 yr, 20 pairs of monozygotic twins (MZ) and 11 pairs of dizygotic twins (DZ)] for ventilatory responses to hypoxia (A) and hypercapnia (S) along with thresholds for perception of added inspiratory resistance. A and S were determined by a dual-control system developed to regulate arterial blood gases at predetermined levels. Mean values for A, S, thresholds for added resistance, and mouth pressure at the threshold were not different between MZ and DZ. Within-pair variances for A, S, and mouth pressure at the threshold were significantly smaller in MZ than DZ. Neither A nor S correlated with thresholds for resistance and mouth pressure in either MZ or DZ. These results indicate that in adolescent twins sensitivity to added inspiratory resistance and chemosensitivity to hypoxia and hypercapnia involve genetically determined factors, and perception of added inspiratory resistance is not directly related to chemical control of breathing.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Genetic aspects of serum immunoglobulins and respiratory chemosensitivity.

The role of genetics and environmental factors determining serum concentrations of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM,) were analyzed in 20 pairs of monozygotic (MZ) and 11 pairs of dizygotic (DZ) twins. Respiratory chemosensitivity to hypoxia and hypercapnia was also measured. Intrapair variances for alpha 2-, beta-, and gamma-globulins, IgG, IgA, and IgM were significantly smaller than interpair variances in MZ, indicating that these variables are more similar between pairs than among pairs in MZ. In DZ, intrapair variance for IgM was significantly smaller than interpair variance. Intrapair variance in MZ for gamma-globulin, IgG, IgA, hypoxic ventilatory response, and hypercapnic ventilatory response were significantly smaller than those in DZ, indicating that these variables are genetically controlled. Subjects with low IgA showed a blunted hypoxic ventilatory response, and subjects with high IgA, a vigorous ventilatory response. These results indicate that while IgM is controlled predominantly by environmental factors, IgA and IgG are genetically determined in young healthy subjects. Serum IgA levels and hypoxic ventilatory response are interrelated in young healthy subjects.

Adolescent↗