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Biomedical subjects

Y Asano

Publications and source records attributed to Y Asano.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Atrial natriuretic peptide elevates cGMP contents in glomeruli and in distal tubules of rat kidney.

Effect of synthetic rat atrial natriuretic peptide (1-28) (ANP) on the cGMP content was studied using defined nephron segments of rat kidney. ANP elevates cGMP contents in glomeruli in a concentration and time-dependent manner. The increase of cGMP was observed in glomeruli, distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and cortical collecting tubule (CCT) (delta %; 279 +/- 35, 148 +/- 10 and 152 +/- 18, respectively), and no effect was observed in proximal convoluted (PCT) and straight tubule (PST). These results suggest that ANP may act directly on the tubular cells as well as glomeruli. In glomeruli, effects of ANP and carbamylcholine on cGMP contents were additive suggesting that these two agents may act on different receptors. Angiotensin II and norepinephrine failed to affect the ANP-induced cGMP production in the glomeruli.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1986

Lymphocyte-associated viremia in varicella.

Varicella-zoster virus was isolated from mononuclear cells from seven immunocompetent children with varicella during the late incubation period and during the acute phase of the disease. The cells from which the virus was isolated were nonphagocytic and did not adhere to the surface of plates. The results indicate lymphocyte-associated viremia at the time of onset of varicella.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Modulation by verapamil of hormonal action on the Henle's loop of mice.

In order to know the role of cytosolic calcium in the modulation of the hormone action on sodium chloride transport across the thick ascending limbs of Henle's loop, we examined whether verapamil, a blocker of cellular calcium entry, can modulate the effects of arginine vasopressin (AVP) or glucagon in stimulating transepithelial voltage (Vt) and cyclic AMP generation in the mouse medullary thick ascending limb (MAL). The pretreatment of the renal tubule with 5 X 10(-5)M verapamil reduced the Vt stimulated with 200 microU/mliter AVP from 1.7 +/- 0.3 mV to 0.4 +/- 0.4 mV (N = 7, P less than 0.05). The changes in Vt were well correlated with those of unidirectional Cl flux from the lumen to the bath. However, verapamil did not influence the Vt stimulated with 10(-3) M dibutyryl cyclic AMP. The pretreatment of the MAL with 10(-5) M verapamil also inhibited the cyclic AMP generation in the MAL from 72.1 +/- 17.9 to 50.6 +/- 13.6 fmoles/mm/7 min (N = 7, P less than 0.05) as well as in the medullary collecting tubule from 147.6 +/- 46.6 to 121.2 +/- 41.6 fmoles/mm/7 min (N = 4, P less than 0.05). The effect of verapamil in inhibiting the AVP-stimulated cAMP was dose-dependent: the cAMP generation was inhibited by 28.9 +/- 6.8 and 61.1 +/- 9.3% with 10(-5) M and 10(-4) M verapamil, respectively. When verapamil was added to the medium simultaneously with AVP, the generation of cyclic AMP was unaffected.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Computer simulations of nuclear reactions by protons with incident energies of 250, 300 and 500 MeV in a human body.

Computer simulations of nuclear reactions by protons in a human body were carried out at the incident energies of 250, 300 and 500 MeV. About 20% of the incident protons are absorbed by the body with nuclear interactions and the rest of the protons pass through the body at these energies. Radiation of gamma rays from the body and radioactivity of the body were estimated as a function of the time after irradiation with the proton beam.

Body Composition↗
PubMed1986

Purification and Characterization of Benzonitrilases from Arthrobacter sp. Strain J-1.

We found two kinds of benzonitrilases, designated benzonitrilases A and B, in a cell extract of Arthrobacter sp. strain J-1 grown on benzonitrile as a sole carbon and nitrogen source. Benzonitrilases A and B were purified approximately 409-fold and 38-fold, respectively. Purified benzonitrilase A appeared to be homogeneous according to the criteria of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Both the enzymes hydrolyzed benzonitrile to benzoic acid and ammonia without forming benzamide as an intermediate. The molecular weights of benzonitrilases A and B were found to be 30,000 and 23,000, respectively. The subunit molecular weight of benzonitrilase A was the same as its molecular weight. The isoelectric points of benzonitrilases A and B were 4.95 and 4.80, respectively. The optimum temperature and pH, respectively, for benzonitrilase A were 40 degrees C and 8.5, and those for benzonitrilase B were 30 degrees C and 7.5. The K(m) values for benzonitrilases A and B were 6.7 mM and 4.5 mM, respectively. Both the enzymes degraded p-tolunitrile, 4-cyanopyridine, and p-chlorobenzonitrile, but they did not attack aliphatic nitriles or amides. Both the enzymes were inhibited by thiol reagents.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1986

Characteristics of open field behavior of Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats.

The open field test (OFT) was carried out on Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats between the ages of 3 to 20 weeks. At that time, the behavior of each naive rat was observed for two 3-minute periods separated by an interval of 24 h (Day). The OFT scores varied depending on the day and the age. Comparatively higher activity was observed in the extent of ambulation and rearing at 5 weeks old, rearing and preening at 7 weeks old, and preening and defecation at 11 weeks old in the Sprague-Dawley rats compared with the Wistar rats.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1986

Evaluation of supra- and infratentorial brain atrophy by computerised tomography in spinocerebellar degeneration.

Measurement of various parameters of supra- and infratentorial brain atrophy in computerized tomographs of 142 cases of spinocerebellar degeneration (SCD) and 100 age & sex matched controls was carried out in order to investigate whether these parameters would correspond to the subtypes of this disease and differing grades of various clinical manifestations. One supra- and all infratentorial parameters of SCD showed statistically significant atrophy with a risk of P less than 0.005. Among the subtypes, OPCA had a more severely atrophied pons than LCCA (P less than 0.005), Menzel (P less than 0.05) and SSP (P less than 0.01). There was a correlation between the distribution of symptoms like gait, speech, ataxia of extremities and ocular movement disorders, and distribution and degree of infratentorial atrophy with statistical significance (P less than 0.05 approximately P less than 0.005). The degree of atrophy of the pons and the width of the IV ventricle were directly proportional to the duration of the illness in cases of less than 10 years, but not to those of over 10 years. Follow-up CT scan was done for 24 patients, 12 within 3 years, 12 after the lapse of 3 years. The latter group showed statistically significant atrophy between the 1st and 2nd scans in several parameters, but there was no significance between those of the former group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Antibody responses to early antigens of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) during varicella and zoster.

The antibody responses to membrane and early antigens and thymidine kinase of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) were studied in sera during both varicella and zoster by a test with fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (FAMA), staining the biochemically transformed cells by the immunofluorescent technique and neutralization of virus-specific thymidine kinase activity, respectively. Similar increases in FAMA antibody titers were demonstrated in sera from patients with varicella and zoster. IgM was detected in both groups, but appeared earlier during varicella than during zoster. Furthermore, the antibody titers to early antigens and virus-specific thymidine kinase were higher in patients with zoster than in those with varicella. These data suggest that different types of antibody responses occur during varicella and zoster.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical evaluation of combination therapy with cefoxitin and amikacin in complicated urinary tract infections].

The clinical efficacy of combination therapy using Cefoxitin (CFX) and Amikacin (AMK) was studied in 19 patients with complicated urinary tract infections. Patients received 2 g of CFX i.v. and 100 mg of AMK i.m. twice a day. The overall clinical efficacy of treatment was evaluated by the criteria proposed by the UTI Committee, Japan, as excellent, moderate or poor. The overall clinical efficacy was excellent in 89%, moderate in 5% and poor in 5% of the patients. Of the 21 strains isolated from the patients, 20 strains (95%) were eradicated. No subjective side effects were observed. Drug-related aggravation in laboratory tests were observed slight elevations of glutomic-oxalacefic transaminase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase and alkaliphosphatase in 2 cases, but all of them were minimal and reversible. Underlying condition-related aggravation was observed a slight elevation of BUN and creatinine clearance in 1 case. These results suggest that the combination therapy with CFX and AMK might be useful in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections.

Adolescent↗