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Biomedical subjects

Y Ando

Publications and source records attributed to Y Ando.

At least 397 records · Page 22Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Changed affinity of apolipoprotein AII to high density lipoprotein (HDL) in patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) type I.

Patients with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) showed extremely low plasma apolipoprotein AII (apoAII) levels and apolipoprotein AII/AI (apoAII/AI) ratio while plasma levels of AI, B, CII, CIII, and E were all within normal ranges. To elucidate the reason for these phenomena, we investigated the percent of these proteins contained in high density lipoprotein (HDL) extracted from plasma of FAP patients by ultracentrifugation. The apoAII/AI ratio in extracted HDL was much lower in asymptomatic carriers of FAP as well as FAP patients than that in control subjects. Since a significant amount of apoAII as well as apoAI was recognized in the fraction of the density > 1.21 g/ml in the samples from asymptomatic carriers of FAP and FAP patients, decreased apoAII/AI ratio may result from the increased dissociation of apoAII from HDL during the process of the ultracentrifugation. Electrophoresis of HDL extracted by agarose gel revealed that HDL from asymptomatic carriers of FAP as well as FAP patients increased negative charge, suggesting that nature of HDL itself may change in these subjects. Although urinary excretion of apoAII was increased in carriers of FAP and FAP patients, there was no correlation between plasma and urinary apoAII levels and also no relationship between urinary total protein and apoAII levels. These results suggest that changed affinity of apoAII to HDL may cause the increased secretion of apoAII to the urine and the decreased plasma apoAII level in carriers of FAP and FAP patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Radiotherapy for cervical cancer patients with high-dose rate brachytherapy: application of shielded colpostats].

Two hundred sixty-six cervical cancer patients with histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma were treated with radiotherapy alone at Keio University Hospital between September 1984 and March 1991. All patients received 30 Gy of external whole pelvic irradiation and 20 Gy of pelvic irradiation with a central shield. After 30 Gy of whole pelvic irradiation, high dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy (24-27 Gy) was applied with the shielded colpostats (3 mm lead). The 5-year cumulative survival rate in each stage decreased with the advance of stage (stage I: 82%, II: 67%, III: 43% and IV: 19%). When patients with stage III cervical cancer were classified into three groups according to tumor size (S, M, L), patients in group L had the worst 5-year survival rate (S: 63%, M: 54% and L: 25%). At follow-up visits conducted between 1 and 2 months after the completion of radiation, patients with stage III L had significantly higher rates of persistent disease (61%) and recurrence (26%). There was no correlation between the incidence of rectosigmoid sequelae and dose given by brachytherapy, and shielded colpostats could not decrease the incidence of rectosigmoid sequelae, compared with that with unshielded colpostats (25% vs. 31%). This result suggests that a higher irradiation dose is necessary to control local tumor in stage III L patients and additional doses administered by brachytherapy (6 Gy) may not increase the incidence of rectosigmoid sequelae.

Brachytherapy↗
PubMed1994

Delay in expression of a mammary tumor provirus is responsible for defective clonal deletion during postnatal period.

A gene-encoding ligand for deletion of T cells bearing TcRV beta 6 and V beta 8.1 cosegregates a new mammary tumor provirus locus, Mtv-50 in NC mice. The sequence of the open reading frame (ORF) in the 3' long terminal repeat (LTR) of Mtv-50 was strikingly similar to those of Mtv-7, Mtv-43 and exogenous mouse mammary tumor virus (SW) with properties of minor lymphocyte stimulating antigen 1a. Consistent with previous reports, clonal deletion of mature thymocytes bearing TcRV beta 6 was defective during the early postnatal period of mice carrying Mtv-50. Appreciable levels of mRNA corresponding to common Mtv ORF and Mtv-6 ORF were expressed in the neonatal thymus, while little, if any, mRNA corresponding to Mtv-50 ORF was detected in the thymus at the early postnatal stage. Delay in expression of Mtv-50 ORF during the postnatal period may be responsible for the failure of clonal deletion of V beta 6-T cells in the early postnatal life of mice carrying Mtv-50.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Radiotherapy for cervical cancer with high-dose rate brachytherapy correlation between tumor size, dose and failure.

This is a retrospective analysis of 659 patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma with a minimum follow-up of 2 years at Keio University Hospital between May 1974 and March 1990. All patients were treated with external radiation (50 Gy) and high-dose rate (HDR) intracavitary brachytherapy (20-34 Gy). The 5-year survival rates in each stage gradually decreased with the advance of the stage (I, 84%; II, 71%; III, 47%; and IVa, 12%). When 366 patients with stage III were classified into three groups according to tumor size, i.e. small (S, 102 patients), medium (M, 145) and large (L, 119), a survival gradient of small > medium > large was demonstrated and the differences between them were significant. At follow-up visits conducted between 1 and 2 months after completion of treatment, 135 patients (20%) had physical indications of residual disease. The larger the tumor size, the more likely was residual disease by 2 months. The patients with residual disease had a significantly higher rate of the pelvic failure than those without it. There was no significant correlation between radiation doses by RALS and pelvic failure rates, except in the stage III-L group. In the stage III-L group, intracavitary doses of 24 Gy or less to point A could be correlated with the higher pelvic failure rate and the lower survival rate, in contrast to doses of 27 Gy or more. The incidence of major rectosigmoid complications was 11.8% with doses of 24 Gy or less to point A, 8.1% with 27 Gy and 19.2% with doses of 30 Gy or more.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1994

A standard data format for medical information in the IS & C system.

This paper describes the file format of the IS & C standard and the results of IS & C scientific exhibition at Yokohama. The English version of IS & C standard Version 1.0 was published in the spring of 1992 by the IS & C committee. On the basis of this document, the IS & C data format was explained. The enhanced description of color images, wave data and the laboratory data is still under discussion. The data format of the color images was established in March 1993. In April 1992, the IS & C scientific exhibition was held at the general assembly of the Japanese Radiological Society. At this exhibition, the demonstration of the compatibility among IS & C workstations was successful. The consensus on IS & C system was investigated. IS & C system was well understood by observers and the interchangeability of radiological images was recognized as very feasible.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1994

Tumorigenicity study of phloxine (FR 104) in B6C3F1 mice.

The aim of this study was to examine the tumorigenicity of the food colouring phloxine (Food Red 104) in (C57BL/6N x C3H/HeN) F1 mice. Groups of male or female mice received 0, 0.1 and 0.4% phloxine in the diet starting at 6 wk of age for a maximum of 90 wk. Survivals of mice were more than 85% at 64 wk after the start of phloxine administration. Their body weights reached maximum at 48 wk and both male and female mice given 0.1 and 0.4% phloxine weighed significantly more than their respective controls. Tumours developed in 13 organs, the greatest incidence in males being of liver tumours (67.3%), followed by lung tumours (10.9%), lymphomas (9.7%), altered foci of liver (8.4%) and hepatic haemangioma (7.8%). In females, hepatic tumours (11.5%) had the greatest incidence followed by lymphomas (10.8%), pulmonary tumours (8.2%) and hepatic haemangioma (3.2%). In males, the incidence of altered foci and haemangioma in the liver was 19 and 14%, respectively, in the control groups, whereas only 2% occurred in the group given 0.4% phloxine (P < 0.05). It is concluded that average body weights increased significantly in female mice of groups given 0.1 or 0.4% phloxine, compared with body weights of the female controls, and that altered liver foci were significantly reduced in male mice given 0.4% phloxine. There was a significant increase in pituitary tumour incidence in the test groups compared with the control groups.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Lack of any positive effect of intestinal metaplasia on induction of gastric tumors in Wistar rats treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea in their drinking water.

The influence of intestinal metaplasia on gastric cancer induction was examined in five-week-old male Wistar:Crj rats. The animals were first treated with two 10 Gy doses of X-rays to the gastric region at a 3-day interval (total 20 Gy) and then, starting two months after the irradiation, received 100 ppm N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) in their drinking water for 15 weeks. Thereafter they were maintained for 37 weeks with or without a dietary 1% sodium chloride (NaCl) supplement. The incidences of gastric adenocarcinomas in the MNU or MNU plus NaCl groups were significantly higher than in animals receiving X-rays plus MNU with or without NaCl. Intestinal metaplasias and the numbers of alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-positive foci were significantly increased in the X-ray irradiation groups but the numbers of ALP-positive foci were not increased with or without 1% NaCl. An inverse relationship between incidences of gastric tumors and intestinal metaplasias was apparent. The present experiment thus showed that the presence of intestinal metaplasia does not exert a positive influence on induction of gastric neoplasia by MNU in the rat.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1994

Purification and characterization of two versiconal hemiacetal acetate reductases involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis.

Two versiconal hemiacetal acetate (VHA) reductase activities (designated I and II), which catalyzed the reaction from VHA to versiconol acetate (VOAc) during aflatoxin biosynthesis, were purified to apparent homogeneity from the cytosol fraction of the mycelia of Aspergillus parasiticus mutant NIAH-26 through the following chromatography steps: first, fractionation with ammonium sulfate and then fractionation in succession with phenyl-Sepharose, DEAE-Sepharose, Sephacryl S-300, hydroxylapatite, and Matrex gel Green A chromatography. VHA reductase I and VHA reductase II were completely separated at the end of the DEAE-Sepharose step. The apparent molecular masses of reductase I and reductase II were estimated (by gel filtration) to be approximately 390 kDa; their denaturing molecular masses were 39- and 40-kDa, respectively (by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). Their pI values were 6.6 and 6.0, respectively (as determined by isoelectric focusing), and the optimal pH values were 8.0 and 9.0, respectively, although both enzymes exhibited a broad optimal pH range of between 7.5 and 9.0. The K(m) values of reductase I and reductase II for VHA were 35.4 and 25.4 muM, respectively. On the other hand, in the cell-free experiments involving either VHA reductase fraction and high-performance liquid chromatography, both (2'S)- and (2'R)-VOAc enantiomers were formed from racemic VHA and more of the 2'R isomer than the 2'S isomer was produced, indicating that the VHA reductase fractions have very similar stereospecificities to the substrate.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Hormonal signaling and regulation of salt and water transport in the collecting duct.

The regulation of transport in the collecting duct is under multi-hormonal control. Vasopressin stimulates water and cation transport, primarily through a V2/Gs-coupled receptor that activates adenylyl cyclase, which raises cAMP. These stimulatory effects are damped by the action of several hormones, including vasopressin itself, which activate inhibitory G proteins, stimulate phospholipid breakdown, increase prostaglandin production, raise intracellular Ca2+, activate protein kinase C, stimulate tyrosine kinases, and raise cGMP. These inhibitory signals interact with the stimulatory, cAMP-coupled signaling pathway at multiple levels. The balance between these pathways controls net salt and water transport in the collecting duct.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Interleukin-1 inhibits sodium and water transport in rabbit cortical collecting duct.

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) induces natriuresis and diuresis. In the present study, the effect of basolateral IL-1 on sodium and water transport was examined in the cortical collecting duct (CCD) perfused in vitro. IL-1, 10 pg/ml and 10 ng/ml, inhibited lumen-to-bath sodium flux (JNa, peq.min-1.mm tubule-1), depolarizing transepithelial voltage (Vt) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of 10 ng/ml but not 10 pg/ml IL-1 on Vt and JNa was mitigated by 5 microM indomethacin (IND) in bath. Also, 10 ng/ml IL-1, which did not affect the basal hydraulic conductivity (Lp, x10(-7) cm.atm-1.s-1) by itself, inhibited the hydrosmotic effect of 20 pM basolateral arginine vasopressin, and 5 microM IND abolished this inhibitory effect of 10 ng/ml IL-1. The present study demonstrated direct inhibitory effect of basolateral IL-1 on sodium and water reabsorption in the rabbit CCD. The effect of IL-1 is suggested to be mediated, in part, by a cyclooxygenase metabolite(s).

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Endobronchial mucosal bridges as evidence of residual malignancy.

Three patients who exhibited endobronchial mucosal bridges that formed at the site of tumor regression following chemotherapy for small cell lung carcinoma are presented. Histopathologic examination showed residual malignant cells in 2 of the 3 patients within the submucosal fibrous tissue and an overlying benign epithelium. Although these mucosal bridges were previously thought to represent a complete remission following chemotherapy or radiotherapy for small cell lung carcinoma, they may, in fact, harbor a residual malignancy under the benign mucosa.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Detection of reverse flow by duplex ultrasonography in orthostatic hypotension.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to elucidate the effect of orthostatic hypotension on changes in cerebral blood flow. METHODS: Blood flow velocities of both the common carotid artery and vertebral artery were measured using duplex ultrasonography in 12 patients: 6 with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy, 3 with Shy-Drager syndrome, 2 with pandysautonomia, and 1 with senile orthostatic hypotension. Simultaneously, peripheral blood flow was also evaluated by laser-Doppler flowmetry. RESULTS: The patients showing dizziness or syncope when tilted to a 70 degrees upright position exhibited characteristic reverse flow at the end-diastolic phase on the Doppler flow image of both the common carotid and vertebral arteries, which was effectively treated by infusion of 2.5 micrograms/min norepinephrine for 10 minutes. This end-diastolic reverse flow was not seen in any patients who did not have dizziness or syncope. After subjects were tilted from a supine to a 70 degrees upright position, decrease in the peripheral blood flow of the patients with orthostatic hypotension remained unchanged for at least 5 minutes, whereas that of control subjects was recovered within 2 minutes. However, no significant difference between the patients with and without clinical symptoms was observed. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that detection of this specific echographic pattern may be quantitatively useful in examination of clinical symptoms accompanying orthostatic hypotension and that duplex ultrasonography may be a helpful tool to evaluate the effect of drugs used for controlling these clinical signs.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Interbronchoscopist variability in the diagnosis of lung cancer by flexible bronchoscopy.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the interbronchoscopist variability in the diagnosis of lung cancer by flexible bronchoscopy. DESIGN AND SETTING: A retrospective review of the bronchoscopic records and clinical charts of patients at a university-affiliated hospital. PATIENTS AND MEASUREMENTS: All records of flexible bronchoscopic procedures performed for the diagnosis of lung cancer were retrospectively reviewed, and procedures that obtained histologic or cytologic evidence of malignancy were considered positive. Rates of positivity were compared according to the following factors: operator, operator experience, bronchoscopic findings, tumor location, and tumor laterality. Factors that affected the positivity rate were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Of 384 bronchoscopic procedures performed in 353 patients, 275 (72 percent) were positive. The positivity rate differed significantly depending on the operator (p = 0.003) and the bronchoscopic findings (p < 0.001). A difference between operators was noted in technically difficult cases without epithelial or subepithelial findings and when tumors were located in the upper lobe or the superior segment of the lower lobe. The bronchoscopic findings and the operator also emerged as factors significantly affecting the positivity rate in the logistic analysis. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnostic yield of bronchoscopy for lung cancer is dependent on both the type of bronchial lesion present and the bronchoscopist.

Bronchoscopy↗
PubMed1994

Rupture of thoracic aorta caused by penetrating aortic ulcer.

We present the findings in a 57-year-old man with a rupture of the thoracic aorta that originated in a penetrating atherosclerotic aortic ulcer. It formed a large hematoma that clinically mimicked a true saccular thoracic aneurysm. The possibility of penetrating aortic ulcer should be considered in the differential diagnosis of aortic aneurysm.

Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic↗
PubMed1994

In vitro studies on laser scaling of subgingival calculus with an erbium:YAG laser.

The effectiveness of a newly-developed Er:YAG laser with a fiber delivery system to remove subgingival calculus was examined in vitro. Fifty-three (53) periodontally-involved human extracted teeth with a band of subgingival calculus were used. Two experiments were conducted: in experiment 1, laser scaling was performed with water irrigation on a straight line and on a broad area, against the subgingival calculus at the energy levels of 10 to 120 mJ/pulse (3.5 to 42.4 J/cm2/pulse) and the pulse repetition rate of 10 pps. The morphological changes of the laser-scaled site were observed by SEM, and the efficiency of laser scaling was determined. In experiment 2, laser scaling was performed with and without water irrigation at 30 mJ/pulse and 10 pps. The morphological changes, the efficiencies, and temperature changes with and without water irrigation were compared. The pulsed Er:YAG laser used with water irrigation was able to remove the subgingival calculus from the tooth root effectively at the energy level of about 30 mJ/pulse (energy density: 10.6 J/cm2/pulse) and 10 pps, under in vitro conditions. Ablation of the tooth substance on laser scaling was generally observed within the cementum. There was little increase in temperature on the root surface during laser scaling. This study suggests the potential for the clinical application of the Er:YAG laser in subgingival scaling.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1994

Treatment of a Japanese patient with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy with orthotopic liver transplantation.

A 28-year-old male patient with familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy (FAP) underwent a liver transplantation from a heart-beating cadaveric donor in Sweden. He had suffered from the disease for 2.5 years. It took 5.5 hours to carry out the operation without blood transfusion. After the liver transplantation, serum amyloidgenic variant transthyretin (TTR) levels became extremely low and diarrhea stopped after the 7th day. On day 13, the patient was discharged from the hospital and one month after the transplantation, his general condition remained quite good. This is the first case of a Japanese patient with congenital metabolic disorders as well as FAP to receive a liver transplantation from a heart-beating cadaveric donor.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Serum c-erbB-2 in breast cancer patients.

The c-erbB-2 oncogene product in serum (serum c-erbB-2) was measured by an enzyme-immunoassay kit. The 12 U/ml cut-off level was estimated as the mean plus two standard deviations for 250 healthy women. With this cut-off level increased serum c-erbB-2 was found in 12.0% of primary breast cancer cases (n = 25), in 4.9% of non-recurrent breast cancer patients (n = 82), and in 31.4% of patients with recurrent breast cancer (n = 35). In patients with primary and recurrent breast cancer, whose sera were assayed concurrently for serum c-erbB-2, CEA and CA15-3, the positive rates of these markers were fairly similar. However, their combined use significantly increased the sensitivity as compared to the use of any one marker alone.

Adult↗