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Biomedical subjects

Y Akine

Publications and source records attributed to Y Akine.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

A case of advanced gastric cancer with long-term survival as the results of combined radiation therapy and chemotherapy.

A case report on a long-term surviving patient with advanced gastric cancer with supraclavicular lymph node metastasis treated by radiation and chemotherapy is presented. The Borrman type 2 of advanced gastric cancer was found on the greater curvature of the antrum at the first radiological examination. Radiation was administered to the supraclavicular lymph node at 60 Gy and to the stomach at 64 Gy. The patient received mitomycin C (24 mg) and Tegafur (230 g). After completion of the combined therapy the endoscopy revealed an irregular mucosal change with erosion and hemorrhage. Radiological examination revealed atrophic and hyperplastic areas throughout the stomach. These findings lasted more than six years. The patient died of unknown cause in February 1983. She had survived nine years and seven months after her initial diagnosis. Radiotherapy may play a role as a means of radical treatment in certain cases of advanced gastric cancer.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Interstitial irradiation with Ir-192 in carcinoma of the female genital tract--report of two cases].

Two patients treated with interstitial iridium-192 irradiation are presented. A patient with stage IV A adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix was treated with external irradiation in combination with local hyperthermia prior to the interstitial irradiation. Another patient with stage III B squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina had a hysterectomy followed by irradiation 22 years prior to the treatment. Wires of Iridium-192 were put into place in the region of the tumor to give 40 Gy to the periphery of the tumor. The patient with carcinoma of the cervix died 15 months after the treatment. The patient with carcinoma of the vagina is well and has locally controlled disease 18 months after the treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical use of combined radiation and hyperthermia therapy at the National Cancer Center Hospital].

At the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, hyperthermia combined with radiation was started in February 1982. At first BSD-1000 was introduced into clinical practice, followed by Thermotron RF-8 which utilizes radio frequency and then Aloka HMS-020 which utilizes microwaves. This study involved a total of 116 evaluable patients (128 lesions) from a series of patients treated by hyperthermia during a 4-year period up to March 1986. The sites of the tumors were the lower extremities in 7 patients, upper abdomen in 18, pelvic cavity in 18 patients and superficial in 82. Among 82 superficial lesions 34 were classified as showing CR and another 23 as showing PR, with a response rate of 69.5%. In 7 patients with tumors of the lower extremities none was classified as having CR or PR, the response rate being 0%. Eighteen upper abdominal tumors showed a response rate of 16.7%, with 1 of them being categorized as showing CR and 2 as showing PR. Eighteen pelvic tumors showed a response rate of 27.8%, with 1 of them being categorized as showing CR and 4 as showing PR. In 3 patients with tumors of thoracic cavity none was classified as having CR or PR, the response rate being 0%.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Para-aortic nodal irradiation in the treatment of carcinoma of the uterine cervix: a report of 22 cases.

Twenty-two patients with previously untreated carcinoma of the uterine cervix were treated by para-aortic nodal irradiation for the macroscopical metastases found at the operation with or without pathological confirmation, at the National Cancer Center Hospital from 1962 to 1980. The irradiation was given with 6 MeV X rays. Total doses ranged from 42 to 99 with an average of 69 in Time Dose Fractionation factors. All of the patients died of the tumor within 42 months. The initial site of relapse was intrapelvic for two patients, extrapelvic for 18, and both intra- and extrapelvic for two. Of 12 patients upon whom autopsies were performed, only one of the patients who had multiple metastatic tumors of less than 1 cm in maximum diameter had the tumor controlled in the irradiated region.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Postoperative prophylactic irradiation of lung cancer].

Eighty-three patients with resected lung cancer were studied to determine whether postoperative prophylactic irradiation improves survival. All patients had mediastinal lymph node metastases and underwent relative curative surgery. Thirty patients received postoperative irradiation, and another 52 were followed without further treatment. The 5-year survival rate was 19.2% in the surgery alone group and 20% in the postoperative irradiation group. No increase in survival time was noticed in the postoperative irradiation group. The 5-year survival rate was not influenced by histologic types, presence or absence of subcarinal lymph node metastases and right or left thoracotomy in either group.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Early glottic carcinoma (T1N0). Results of irradiation with or without endoscopic microsurgery.

Seventy-nine patients with T1N0 glottic carcinoma were treated at the Department of Radiology, University of Tokyo, between 1967 and 1977. The average total dose varied from 73 Gy in the first year to 32 Gy in the last year of the period. Endoscopic microsurgery was introduced in the middle of the period. The overall local recurrence rate was 15 per cent within 5 years. Observed and adjusted five-year survival rates were 79 and 91 per cent, respectively. Endoscopic microsurgery was not an important factor for local control rates and survival rates. Patients with T1N0 glottic carcinoma were successfully treated with a total dose equivalent to a time-dose-fractionation of 80 to 100.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Clinical experience with the 22-MeV microtron at the National Cancer Center Hospital.

Experience with the 22-MeV microtron is presented. The maintenance and ease of operability of the system are satisfactory. The physical characteristics showed many clinical advantages. Fundamental measurement of dose distribution and depth dose curves were performed and clinically applied. The two-gantry system is very satisfactory and effective for irradiation by photons and electrons to treat many patients per day. The facility for intraoperative radiotherapy and the physical conditions for total body irradiation are also sufficient because of the well-designed building layout and the systematized facility with the microtron system.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of small pelvic field instead of whole pelvic field in postoperative radiotherapy for node-negative, high-risk stages I and II cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

We investigated whether a small pelvic (SP) field that covers primarily the pericervical regions in postoperative radiotherapy for cervical squamous cell carcinoma is adequate for a subgroup of node-negative patients. Of 84 patients with stage I-II disease treated with postoperative radiotherapy due to pathologic risk factors, 42 node-negative patients received SP-field radiotherapy, whereas remaining 42 node-positive patients were treated with a conventional whole pelvic (WP) field that also covered pelvic lymph nodes, both with 50.0-50.4 Gy/25-28 fractions. The pathologic risk factors included positive nodes, deep stromal invasion (>/=2 /3 thickness), parametrial extension, and positive or close surgical margin. Recurrence was identified for 20 patients: three in the SP group and 17 in the WP group. Intrapelvic recurrence accounted for all three recurrences in the SP group and for four in the WP group; 5-year pelvic-control rate did not differ significantly between the SP (93%) and WP (90%) groups. Extrapelvic recurrence (n = 11) was identified exclusively in the WP group. Patterns of recurrence indicate that use of an SP field instead of a WP field may be adequate in postoperative radiotherapy for a subgroup of node-negative, high-risk patients.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

CT evaluation of hepatic injury following proton beam irradiation: appearance, enhancement, and 3D size reduction pattern.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the long-term imaging appearances of hepatic injury following proton beam irradiation. The time-attenuation curves, time of appearance and recovery, and 3D size reduction pattern are described in patients of different ages and genders with different irradiation doses, irradiated portals, and Child groups. METHOD: Forty-six patients with hepatocellular carcinoma underwent 50 to 84 Gy proton beam irradiation in periods of 14-52 days. CT including noncontrast and dynamic study was performed every 3 months starting 3 weeks after the end of irradiation. The 3D volume measurement of areas of radiation-induced hepatic injury was performed through incremental dynamic CT images in every follow-up study. CT follow-up study of the patients was done for 12-76 months. RESULTS: Radiation-induced hepatic injury was observed as low attenuation areas on noncontrast CT and enhanced areas on dynamic study in the regions corresponding to the irradiation portals. Of our cases, 67.5% showed the appearance of radiation hepatitis in 3-4 weeks and 95.3% in 3-4 months after the end of irradiation. In both periods, there was a significant delay in the female patients. The time-attenuation curve showed an early and prolonged enhancement of the irradiated regions. The volume reduction pattern of the injured areas was found to be longstanding, exponential, and directed from periphery to the center. CONCLUSION: Early appearance of radiation-induced hepatic injury was found only to be gender dependent, with a tendency to occur with higher irradiated doses; no other parameters affected this phenomenon in our cases. Disappearance of the injured areas, if present, takes a long time (at least 42 months).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Results of a non-controlled trial of hyperthermia combined with radiation for superficial tumours.

Fifty-four patients with 65 superficial malignant lesions were treated by local hyperthermia combined with radiation therapy at the National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo. Hyperthermia was delivered with an Aloka Model HMS-020 (2450 MHz) or with a horn-type applicator of BSD-1000 (80-90 MHz). Relatively small tumours, those less than 4 cm in thickness, were treated by using 2450 MHz while 80-90 MHz delivered through the horn-type applicator was used for tumours exceeding 5 cm in thickness. The radiation dose was 4 Gy twice a week or 2 Gy five times a week, the total dose being 40-60 Gy. A total of six to 10 hyperthermia treatments ranging from 40 to 60 min each, with the tumour heated to more than 42.5 degrees C, were given twice a week within 1 h following radiation therapy. Complete response was achieved in 16 of the 30 patients (55 per cent) treated with the 2450 MHz microwave, and partial response in seven others (23 per cent). Tumours treated with the BSD-1000 achieved complete response in 10 out of 33 patients (30 per cent) and partial response in nine others (27 per cent). In five out of nine patients classified as partial responders, however, complete disappearance of tumour cells was noted by post-treatment histological examination. Complete plus partial response rates were thus essentially the same with the Aloka HMS-020 and the BSD-1000, though the rate of complete response was apparently higher with the Aloka unit, probably because it was used on smaller tumours.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Characteristics of the response of soft tissue sarcoma to hyperthermia: the correlation between temperature distribution, radiological examination and histology.

Nineteen patients with soft tissue sarcoma were treated by a combination modality of hyperthermia and radiation or chemotherapy. There were 26 treatment sites. The size of the tumours ranged from 2.5 x 2 cm to 24 x 26 cm. Hyperthermic treatments were given twice a week, for a total of five to 14 sessions. Twenty-one tumours were treated by hyperthermia combined with radiotherapy, 2 Gy daily, five times a week, for a total of 40-78 Gy. Three tumours were treated by hyperthermia and arterial infusion of adriamycin, 100-120 mg in five or six treatments. For the superficial tumours the complete response rate was 40 per cent, and for the deep-seated tumours 6.2 per cent. Among the 12 tumours with no response, nine in which the treatment was evaluated as effective histologically (necrosis of the tumour) and by X-ray CT findings (development of a prominent hypodensity area) were included. Six cases were studied to correlate the X-ray CT findings, angiography and histological findings before and after hyperthermic treatment. The data were also used to interpret the thermal curve. The increased hypodensity area was roughly proportional to the development of necrosis, but there was one case in which hypodensity was not correlated with the necrosis. On the contrary, even in the contrast-enhanced area around the tumour in which the presence of residual tumour was strongly suspected clinically, no tumour cells were visualized. Clinical evaluation of the effect by size of the tumour can be supplemented by CT findings and histology, but should be cautiously adopted.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

External radiotherapy for decompression of cholangiocellular carcinoma with obstructive jaundice: report of a case.

Percutaneous transhepatic catheter drainage (PTCD) is generally performed for the treatment of obstructive jaundice. However, in some cases it is difficult to perform insertion because of lack of dilatation of the intrahepatic bile duct. We report a patient who had been suffering from jaundice as a result of recurrent cholangiocarcinoma near the hilum and whose symptoms were relieved by external radiotherapy. We consider radiotherapy for cholangiocarcinoma effective palliative treatment for decompression of obstructive jaundice.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Local effect of hyperthermia for superficial and shallow-seated tumors.

In approximately seven years, 134 patients with 161 tumors were treated by hyperthermia combined with radiation or chemotherapy at our department. The primary tumors were breast cancer, head and neck cancer, and soft tissue tumors in most patients. Adenocarcinoma was the most frequent, followed by squamous cell carcinoma and soft tissue sarcoma. The local response rates for primary inoperable advanced, metastatic, and local recurrence of breast cancer were 88% (7/8), 50% (10/15), and 86% (18/21), respectively. The local response rate of 39 tumors of neck lymph nodes was 49% (19/39). A total of 26 tumors of bone and soft tissue were treated. Five tumors showed CR and six PR, for a total response rate of 42%. Among 20 patients with malignant melanoma, CR and PR were 25% (5/20) and 30% (6/20), respectively. The local response rate for all patients with superficial and shallow-seated tumors was 58% (94/161). In some tumors classified as showing NR, complete disappearance of tumor cells was demonstrated by a post-treatment histological examination. The efficacy of hyperthermia, when evaluated solely on the basis of tumor size, is likely to be underestimated.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Classification of the 16,471 patients treated by radiation therapy from 1962 to 1986, and crude five-year survival rates of patients in each category of radiotherapy treatment from 1962 to 1978 in the National Cancer Center Hospital.

The summation and classification of patients registered for planned radiation therapy in the 24-year period from 1962 to 1986, in the Department of Radiation Therapy, National Cancer Center Hospital, are reported. Patients numbered 16,471, and total sessions of treatment were 26,175. The ratio of the two figures, 1.58, is the average number of treatment sessions per patient. Peak age was 61-65 years' old and 56-60 years old, respectively for males and females. The most frequent primary site of disease for radiation therapy was the head and neck, followed by trachea, bronchus and lung, crevix uteri, breast, and esophagus. Frequency of squamous cell carcinoma was 38.0%; that of adenocarcinoma was 20.9%. Radical treatment was performed in 32.0% of patients in the first session, but this figure decreased to 24.7% for all sessions. There were many cases of secondary and primary palliative treatment, i.e., 31.8%. Radiotherapy was done in 70% of patients by megavoltage X-ray, with 9.4% treated by electron beam. Crude 5-year survival rates for each classification of malignant disease respective to the category of treatment policy from 1962 to 1978 were obtained. Among the radical treatment group, head and neck tumors, skin cancer, and Hodgkin's disease showed 5-year survival rates greater than 50%.

Adolescent↗