Evidence for pair generation of an E' center and a nonbridging oxygen-hole center in gamma -ray-irradiated fluorine-doped low-OH synthetic silica glasses.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Journal Article↗
Biomedical subjects
Y Abe
Publications and source records attributed to Y Abe.
Nasal mucosa sensitization with toluene diisocyanate (TDI) increases preprotachykinin A (PPTA) and preproCGRP mRNAs in guinea pig trigeminal ganglion neurons.
Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) induces respiratory allergy in mammals. Using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization histochemistry, the present study examined effects of nasal mucosa sensitization by TDI on the immunoreactivity for substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and on the expression of their mRNAs in guinea pig trigeminal ganglion and their terminals. Single intranasal application of TDI (acute experiment) did not induce nasal allergy-like behaviours and failed to cause changes of SP and CGRP immunoreactivity and in the expression of preprotachykinin A (PPTA) mRNA and preproCGRP mRNA coding for SP and CGRP respectively in the trigeminal ganglion neurons. However, repeated application of TDI (chronic experiment) caused a dramatic increase of SP and CGRP immunoreactivity in peripheral neurites of sensory nerves in the nasal mucosa but a slight increase in the spinal trigeminal nucleus, a decrease of the same immunoreactivities in the cell bodies of the trigeminal ganglion neurons, and an increase of the expression of PPTA and preproCGRP mRNA in the same neurons. These findings suggest that chronic exposure of the nasal mucosa to TDI apparently causes enhancement of both the biosynthesis of SP and CGRP and their axonal transport in the trigeminal system.
Animals↗
[Relationship between types of hypertension and patterns of urinary catecholamine excretion in Sipple's syndrome].
We report here a case of Sipple's syndrome, and we also analyze the relationship between the type of hypertension and urinary excretion of catecholamines in Sipple's syndrome based on the literature in Japan. One hundred and fourteen cases of Sipple's syndrome have been reported in Japan. The hypertension of patients with Sipple's syndrome shows a ratio of fitfull hypertension to continual hypertension of 6 to 1, whereas the ratio is 1 to 1.5 in patients whose pheochromocytoma is not accompanied by Sipple's syndrome. The patients with Sipple's syndrome, being pheochromocytoma can be classified into the adrenaline (U-AD) dominant type and noradrenaline (U-NA) dominant type based on the catecholamine excretion in the urine. The U-AD predominant (U-AD/U-NA greater than 0.4) patients mostly reveal fitfull hypertension, while patients with continual hypertension hardly show U-AD predominant.
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
A thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitor retards hypertensive rat diabetic nephropathy.
Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were injected with streptozotocin (STZ-SHR) to induce diabetes. The effect of DP-1904, a thromboxane A2 synthetase inhibitor, on diabetic nephropathy was then studied by administering it for 5 months (1 or 10 mg/kg). DP-1904 did not affect renal 6-keto prostaglandin (PG)F1 alpha production in STZ-SHR, but markedly inhibited renal thromboxane (TX) B2 production, so that the 6-keto PGF1 alpha/TXB2 ratio was significantly increased (P less than 0.05). STZ-SHR showed significant uraemia and proteinuria, plus increases in urinary gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase and urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase. DP-1904 significantly decreased (P less than 0.01) the urinary changes. STZ-SHR also showed an increase in mesangial periodic acid-Schiff-positive substance and in relative renal weight, both of which were significantly inhibited by DP-1904 (P less than 0.05). Thus, DP-1904 inhibited both TXB2 production and the progression of renal damage in STZ-SHR.
Acetylglucosaminidase↗
Primary systemic pustular vasculitis with severe intestinal involvement.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Adult↗
Regulation of transferrin receptors by iron in human erythroblasts.
We investigated the regulatory mechanism of human erythroblast transferrin receptors (Tf.R) under conditions of iron deprivation and iron loading. Treatment of erythroblasts with an iron chelator, desferrioxamine, induced an increase in surface Tf.R number associated with an elevation of biosynthetic rate and the mRNA level of Tf.R. Reduced cellular iron pool increased the Tf.R number by altering the level of mRNA, as in nonhemoglobin-producing cells. Although treatment of erythroblasts with hemin induced a decrease in the biosynthetic rate and in the level of mRNA, the number of surface Tf.R did not decrease. This phenomenon may explain the fact that a high level of serum iron has no influence on the surface Tf.R number in vivo, as we reported previously. We suggest the existence of a regulatory mechanism specific for hemoglobin-producing cells that keeps surface Tf.R expression constant despite iron loading.
Blotting, Northern↗
Antihepatitis C virus status in hepatocellular carcinoma and the influence on clinicopathological findings and operative results.
Antihepatitis C virus (HCV) status was investigated in 100 patients undergoing hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) between 1980 and 1989. The clinicopathological findings and operative results, in patients with or without HCV marker, were compared retrospectively. The positivity rate of anti-HCV was 51 per cent. In this group there was a higher mean age, fewer symptoms, raised alanine aminotransferase level, higher 15-min indocyanine green clearance rate and earlier tumour stage compared with the anti-HCV negative group. Positive tumour margins and vascular invasion were seen less frequently in the anti-HCV positive group. HCC with HCV marker showed characteristic features of chronic non-A non-B hepatitis and of HCC originating from liver cirrhosis. There was a better cumulative 1-year survival rate for anti-HCV positive patients, but 3- and 5-year survival rates after hepatectomy were similar in both groups. Although HCV-related HCC had typical features of chronic non-A non-B hepatitis and a relatively early stage of tumour, biological features and operative results were similar with or without the HCV marker.
Adult↗
Correlation between killing activity towards the murine L929 cell line and expression of membrane-associated lymphotoxin-related molecule of human lymphokine-activated killer cells.
Human lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells expressed a membrane-associated lymphotoxin-related molecule (mLT) which was detected by flow cytometric analysis with anti-lymphotoxin antibody. Upon removal of exogenous interleukin-2 from LAK cell culture medium and another 24 h cultivation, the expression of mLT was decreased. Corresponding to the decrease of mLT expression, the killing activity of LAK cells towards L929 cells was remarkably reduced and killing of MIA PaCa-2 and U937 cells was moderately reduced, whereas killing of Daudi and K562 cells was fully restored. The supernatant of mLT-expressing LAK cells had no cytotoxic activity towards L929 cells in the absence of actinomycin D. Moreover, not only the killing of L929 cells but also that of human tumor cell lines (MIA PaCa-2, U937) by mLT-expressing LAK cells was partially inhibited in the presence of anti-lymphotoxin antibody. These results suggest an involvement of mLT in the killing of some tumor target cells by LAK cells.
Animals↗
Changes in the productivity of cytokines and active-oxygen in peripheral blood cells following surgery.
An investigation was carried out on the productivity of cytokines and active-oxygen by peripheral blood cells during the pre- and post-operative periods. While the preoperative production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha) was elevated, that of lymphotoxin (LT) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) were slightly suppressed. In the postoperative period the peak TNF and IL-1 alpha and active-oxygen productivity was elevated, while LT and IFN-gamma productivity was suppressed in patients with an intraoperative bleeding volume of more than 1,000 ml compared to those with that of less than 1,000 ml. Thus, stress stimulates the TNF and IL-1 alpha and active-oxygen producing system, that is, the macrophage-neutrophil system, and suppresses the LT and IFN-gamma system, being, the inflammatory helper T cell system, in the early postoperative period.
Adult↗
Toxicity of silica-containing calcium phosphate glasses demonstrated in mice.
Suspensions of calcium phosphate glass containing various concentrations of silica (glass composition (moles): 100 Ca(PO3)2 to x SiO2,x = 0, 5, 10, 15 or 40) dispersed in normal saline were injected intraperitoneally into C57BL/6 mice to determine the mortality within 30 days. The mortality was 0/10, 3/10, 9/10, 10/10 and 10/10 at x = 0, 5, 10, 15 and 40 mol of silica, respectively. By means of inductively coupled plasma analysis, the amount of dissolved silica (Si4+) in water at 37 degrees C from the calcium phosphate glass depended on the amount of silica in the glasses. The mortality of mice was directly proportional to the silica content of the glass injected intraperitoneally. These results clearly show that the dissolved silica (Si4+) from the glass, monomeric or low molecular silicic anion, is highly toxic. The SiO2 component in biomaterials has toxic potential when dissolved in the body.
Animals↗
Deletion of chromosome 6q in two cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia and a review of the literature.
Two cases of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML M2) associated with a deletion of chromosome 6q are described. One was a 38-year-old man with constitutional inversion of chromosome 9, and another was a 57-year-old female atomic-bomb survivor. The karyotype of these patients were 46,XY,del(6)(q12q14),inv(9)(p11q13), and 47,XX,6q-,+min, respectively. In both cases c-myb protooncogene, which is located in chromosome 6q, was neither deleted nor rearranged, and c-myb messenger RNA level was not elevated. These results suggest that c-myb is not involved in the leukemogenesis of AML with 6q- as well as lymphoid malignancies with 6q-. Out of 23 AML cases with 6q- reviewed, 6 cases had erythroleukemia, and 4 developed in Down syndrome patients.
Adult↗
Late reaction following twice-a-day irradiations in the murine foot: possible repopulation or consequential late effect.
The effect of twice-a-day irradiation on the foot reaction was studied in C3Hf/Sed mice. A numerical scoring system was used to evaluate the foot reaction that became visible shortly after irradiation. Peak reaction occurred on the 21st to 23rd day and reappeared after approximately the 200th postirradiation day. These reactions are called early- and late-appearing reactions, respectively. Animals studied for early-appearing reactions were continuously scored for more than 600 days after irradiation. The late-appearing reaction increased continuously or remained constant, but never decreased during the course of the experiments. Animal feet were irradiated with a fraction size from 1.0 to 5.0 Gy twice-a-day daily with a treatment interval of 6 and 18 hours, and varying numbers of fractions were given. A top-up dose of 20 Gy was given as the last dose. The late-appearing foot reaction following a fraction size of 1.5 Gy or greater increased with increasing total dose. However, the increase in the late reaction score with increasing total dose was trivial following multiple doses with a fraction size of 1.0 Gy, suggesting a possible repopulation during prolonged irradiation or that the observed reaction was a consequential late effect. The Fe-plot based on doses which induced fibrosis in one-half of the irradiated animals, showed an alpha/beta ratio of 6.57 +/- 0.62 Gy, and the presence of a breaking point at approximately 1.5 Gy. The alpha/beta ratios calculated by Joiner's method and Thames direct analysis were identical. The slope of the Fe-plot below 1.5 Gy was significantly steeper than that above 1.5 Gy.
Animals↗
Production of experimental staphylococcal impetigo in mice.
We produced a staphylococcal impetigo model by epicutaneous inoculation in mature mice. A strain isolated from a human impetigo was used. Five-week-old female mice (ddy-strain) were used with and without pre-treatment by cyclophosphamide (Cy) (2 mg/mouse) for 5 days. The back skin of mice was shaved by a razor blade and slightly abraded by sand paper. Bacterial suspension (1.4 x 10(7) CFU/0.05 ml) was applied on the abraded areas which were then occluded under sterile plastic plaster. Although intraepidermal blisters developed in non-Cy-treated mice, massive neutrophil infiltration obscured the changes there. Development of subcorneal bullae in Cy-treated mice inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus was first observed at 3h and enlargement of bullae was apparent at 12 h after inoculation. The bullae produced in Cy-treated mice contained numerous S. aureus bacilli. Electronmicroscopically, S. aureus cells invaded the horny layer at 1/4 h. A clear halo was seen between S. aureus cells and horny cells. S. aureus cells attached to surrounding horny cells by fibril-like structures. The halo-like spaces became larger, coalesced and then developed into an intraepidermal blister. Our new method to produce human impetigo-like blister in Cy-treated adult mice may contribute to disclosing the mechanisms of blister formation in epidermis by S. aureus. Due to the thin structure of mouse epidermis, only specimens taken earlier than 24 h after inoculation were considered appropriate.
Animals↗
Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of carvedilol in hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure and hemodialysis patients.
The efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of carvedilol were investigated in an open trial performed on 13 hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure and six additional patients requiring hemodialysis. In hypertensive renal failure patients, treatment with carvedilol (5 mg/day) for 1 week produced a significant decrease in blood pressure (from 172/101 to 146/84 mm Hg) but did not change the heart rate. The pharmacokinetics of carvedilol did not change with repeated administration, and there was no accumulation of this drug. In hemodialysis patients with hypertension, the pharmacokinetics of carvedilol after a single dose of 10 mg did not vary between dialysis and nondialysis days, and blood pressure decreased significantly on both days. In addition, there was no accumulation of carvedilol during a 4-week trial of therapy, and blood pressure was decreased significantly from 170/93 to 145/83 mm Hg. There were no side effects and no abnormal laboratory findings noted during the trial. These results indicate that carvedilol is an effective and safe agent for hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure and for hemodialysis patients with hypertension and that dosage adjustments are probably not required in these clinical situations.
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
Acute pancreatitis associated with hypercalcemia in a patient with multiple myeloma.
Explore the source record for details and available documents.
Acute Disease↗
Atypical carcinoid tumor of the lung with amyloid stroma.
Atypical carcinoid tumor of the lung with amyloid stroma seen in a 43-year-old woman is reported. The 47 x 45 x 33 mm tumor, located at the periphery of the S8 segment of the resected left lower lobe, revealed Dylon-positive amyloid deposition in the stroma. The argyrophilic tumor cells with occasional mitoses and focal venous involvement predominantly showed immunoreactivity of cytokeratin, neuron-specific enolase, cystatin C, chromogranin A, calcitonin and neuropeptide Y (NPY). Fewer cells were immunoreactive for calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), the alpha-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin, gastrin-releasing peptide, serotonin, methionine-enkephalin and gastrin. Immunoreactive CGRP or NPY were co-localized in calcitonin-positive cells. The amyloid substance was positively labeled only for CGRP. Immunostaining for amylin, a polypeptide isolated from insular amyloid in type II diabetes mellitus or insulinoma showing a 50% homology with CGRP, was negative. The specificity of immunostaining for calcitonin, CGRP and amylin was confirmed by immunoabsorption tests using synthetic human antigens. Immunoelectron microscopic studies disclosed peptide localization in neurosecretory-type granules and CGRP immunoreactivity in extracellular amyloid fibrils. This is the first report describing CGRP as a component of amyloid of endocrine origin.
Adult↗
Development of a flow-transformed pulsatile total artificial heart for total implantation.
To realize a totally implantable total artificial heart (TAH), a new pulsatile TAH, the flow-transformed pulsatile TAH (FTPTAH), was developed. The system was composed of a single centrifugal pump (CFP) and two three-way valves. One port of each three-way valve was connected to the inlet and outlet of a CFP. The other two ports of each valve were connected to the right and left atrium, and the pulmonary artery and aorta. The CFP can perfuse the pulmonary and systemic circulation alternately with pulsatile flow by switching the two three-way valves. A prototype and the secondary model in which the solenoid valves and a spool valve were included, respectively, were connected to a mock circulatory unit with the results that a pulsatile TAH with physiological flow wave form could be obtained from a single CFP, about 5 L/min of pulsatile output could be obtained alternately on the right and left side by switching the solenoid valves or a spool valve, and flow balance between the right and left could be easily controlled by the switching duration. The system is feasible for a totally implantable TAH because it does not need a compliance chamber and can be miniaturized.
Heart, Artificial↗
Anemia and neutropenia in a case of copper deficiency: role of copper in normal hematopoiesis.
We present a patient who developed severe anemia and neutropenia after receiving parenteral nutrition for 2.5 years. The serum levels of copper and ceruloplasmin were low, and the bone marrow showed the presence of ringed sideroblasts and vacuolated immature cells. The administration of copper chloride by bolus injection led to a rapid improvement in anemia and neutropenia. The number of progenitor cells (colony-forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage and erythrocyte) present before the copper supplementation was well preserved. It is therefore suggested that copper enzymes play an important role in the maturation of hematopoietic cells.
Aged↗