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Biomedical subjects

Y Abe

Publications and source records attributed to Y Abe.

At least 667 records · Page 37Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[A case of chronic asthma with emphysematous change in a middle-aged woman].

A 32-year-old woman with chronic asthma is presented. She had suffered from dyspnea and breathlessness on exertion for 7 years. Her chest X-ray film on admission showed marked emphysematous changes and chest CT scan revealed low attenuation areas, however she was a non-smoker and had no previous childhood respiratory problems. She was administered prednisolone to treat the wheezing attack and hypoxemia. After treatment, her lung function and hypoxemia improved, but low attenuation areas of the chest CT scan remained unchanged. These facts suggest the possibility that bronchial asthma which is controlled poorly for a long time, may cause emphysematous change of the lung.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The effect of free radicals from non-parenchymal cells (NPC) of the liver on the development of liver metastases in rat].

Tumor cells (AH130 hepatoma cell originated from rat) were injected intraportally into Donryu rats to produce liver metastases 21 days later. Phagocyte cells activity was depressed by the administration of Silica, which significantly increased the number of surface liver metastases. Phagocyte cells were stimulated by beta 1-3-glucan, which significantly reduced the number of metastases. And the administration of free radical scavenger (SOD, Catalase) increased the number of metastases. Non parenchymal cells (NPC) of the liver play a main role of self defence line for portally liver metastases. Then free radical from these cells were noticed in this study. NPC were isolated, from pronase perfused rat liver. O2- production by activated NPC was measured by chemiluminescence with CLA. NPC activated by beta 1-3-glucan added sera increased the luminescence of CLA, and SOD depressed the production of chemiluminescence. SOD activity of hepatocytes and tumor cells (AH130) were measured by NBT methods. Hepatocytes had high potential production of SOD, in contrast AH130 had poor production. These results suggest that free radicals from liver NPC was important for protecting liver metastases.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[A case of gastric malignant lymphoma markedly responding to chronic daily and oral administration of low-dose etoposide].

A 71-year-old woman was diagnosed as malignant lymphoma (non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, diffused mixed cell type) which involved gastric lesions. Combined chemotherapies were undertaken using VCR, CPA, 4-epi-ADM and PRED and then etoposide, 4-epi-ADM and PRED. After about 5 months, recurrent lesions were revealed in the right supraclavicular lymph node, so we conducted additional chemotherapy. However, the patient rejected intravenous therapy and required out-patient therapy, so daily oral administration of etoposide (50 mg/day) was carried out. Because of the toxicities of alopecia, the dose was reduced to 50 mg every other day, then to 25 mg every other day. No recurrent signs have been seen for the past 3 years. Bone marrow suppression was little. Chronic oral administration of low-dose etoposide is the potential salvage therapy of gastric malignant lymphoma.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1993

[Clinicopathological study of 10 cases of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia].

A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the prognostic factors in patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). From 1976 through 1991, a total of 10 PCP cases were pathologically diagnosed of our hospital. All patients were immunocompromised hosts treated with corticosteroids and/or cytotoxic drugs for their underlying diseases of malignancy in 6 and autoimmune disease in 4. The frequent symptoms in the early stage of PCP were fever in 9 and dry cough in 4 patients. The chest X-ray exhibited bilateral diffuse infiltrates in all patients. In 3 patients, the infiltrates which were localized at the early stage progressed rapidly to both lungs in a few days. All of the 3 patients in 1970-79 were diagnosed by autopsy without effective treatment. Four of the 5 patients in 1980-89 were diagnosed by autopsy or necropsy and one patient was diagnosed by transbronchial lung biopsy (TBLB). All the 5 patients in 1980-89, including 3 patients treated with sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim (ST), died. Two patients in 1990-93 who were diagnosed by examination of TBLB or sputum specimen recovered from PCP following treatment with ST. These results indicate that the early diagnosis of PCP by the development of diagnostic techniques followed by effective treatment with anti-PCP drugs has greatly improved the outcome of PCP.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The role of lymphotoxin in the IL-2-driven differentiation of human lymphokine-activated T-killer (T-LAK) cells in vitro.

Brief stimulation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells with PHA and subsequent coculture with IL-2 results by 5 days in cultures of human lymphokine-activated killer (T-LAK) cells. While IL-2 drives the proliferation of these cells in vitro, their maturation into functional effector cells capable of cytokine secretion and cell cytokines depends on the presence of other cytokines. The role of LT in the differentiation and proliferation of human T-LAK cells in vitro was investigated. Higher levels of LT than TNF were secreted by T-LAK cells during the first 5 days of the primary culture, then secretion levels dropped sharply. Human T-LAK cells cultivated with anti-LT rabbit antisera showed a slight reduction in growth compared to normal rabbit serum controls. In contrast, phenotypic analysis by FACS showed a decrease in CD4+ and an increase in CD8+ populations of T-LAK cells in the treated cultures. Addition of LT from the beginning of the T-LAK cell culture resulted in an increase in CD4+ and a decrease in CD8+ cell populations at day 7. In addition, the cytolytic activity of non-MHC-restricted cytotoxicity and NK-like activity of anti-LT cultured T-LAK cells was also effected. These data indicated that LT may have a role in differentiation of IL-2 stimulated human T-LAK cells in vitro.

Antigens, CD↗
PubMed1993

Gender-related differences in cocaine toxicity in the rat.

To test our hypotheses that gender-related differences in cocaine toxicity exist in the rat, cocaine (2 mg/kg/min) was infused intravenously in chronically catheterized male and ovariectomized or intact female rats until the onset of circulatory collapse. Sequential manifestations of cocaine toxicity from mild central nervous stimulation to fatal cardiovascular collapse were observed. Arterial blood was withdrawn at the onset of the toxic signs or symptoms for determination of cocaine concentrations. Dosages and plasma concentrations of cocaine required to produce cardiovascular toxic manifestations were significantly lower in male and ovariectomized rats than in intact females. Plasma cholinesterase activity was lowest in the male animals and highest in intact females. These data suggest that systemic toxicity of cocaine is enhanced in male rats, because lower doses and plasma concentrations are required to induce toxic signs and symptoms.

Akathisia, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1993

[Acute aortic dissection due to cross-clamp injury during coronary artery bypass grafting--a report of successfully repaired case].

A case with successfully repaired acute aortic dissection due to cross-clamp injury during coronary bypass surgery was reported. A 54-year-old man had usual coronary artery bypass surgery by using 3 saphenous vein grafts (4 distal anastomosis). Immediately after the completion of cardiopulmonary bypass, acute aortic dissection, which was caused by aortic cross-clamp, was noted. Cardiopulmonary bypass was resumed and the injured ascending aorta was replaced with prosthetic graft under profound hypothermia and circulatory arrest. An "Island flap" of the ascending aorta (3 x 4 cm in diameter), containing 3 proximal anastomotic positions of vein grafts, was excised from the aortic wall, and was re-implanted into the frontal wall of the aortic prosthesis. The patient well tolerated the operative procedure, and fully recovered from the serious condition after 6 days of IABP support and 11 days of inotropic support. He is doing quite well one year after the surgery. This case is believed to be the first reported one of such reconstructive method for acute aortic dissection during the coronary bypass surgery.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[A case of chest wall abscess due to Salmonella newport].

A 18-year-old female with a history of precordial pain was admitted. There was a mass (3.5 x 2.5 cm) in the right inframammary region which was suspected to be chest wall tumor on the basis of CT scan and Ga scintigraphy findings. Exploratory surgery, consisting of total resection of the tumor without removing the ribs, was performed and revealed an abscess. Culture of pus from the abscess grew Salmonella newport (0 antigen 8, H antigen eh; 1.2). Focal infection with Salmonellosis is discussed. Surgical treatment is necessary in addition to chemotherapy.

Abscess↗
PubMed1993

[Emergent operation of left atrial ball thrombus associated with mitral stenosis].

A 71-year-old woman with old cerebral infarction and arterial obstruction was admitted with the diagnosis of a free floating ball thrombus in the left atrium associated mitral stenosis. The emergent open heart operation was performed for removal of ball thrombus and mitral commissurotomy. The size of ball thrombus was 4.8 x 4.0 x 3.0 cm. Postoperative course was uneventful.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

High accumulation of 2-deoxy-2-fluorine-18-fluoro-D-galactose by well-differentiated hepatomas of mice and rats.

The potential application of 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-D-galactose for the detection and evaluation of hepatomas with PET was examined in mouse and rat liver tumor models. Biodistribution studies showed that uptake of this marker was high in well-differentiated, spontaneous hepatoma of C3H mice at almost 92% of the normal liver level. The uptake by well-differentiated Morris rat hepatoma (5123D) was relatively high and second to that of the C3H hepatoma. On the other hand, uptake values for poorly differentiated mouse hepatoma (MH129P), rat hepatomas (AH109A, AH272), mouse melanoma (B-16) and mammary carcinoma (FM3A) were very low and only 14%-18% of that in the normal liver. The results suggest that while well-differentiated hepatomas maintain a high galactose metabolic activity, poorly differentiated hepatomas or other tumors lose this to a large extent. Consequently, this radiopharmaceutical can be used with PET for biochemical characterization of hepatomas and the differential diagnosis between hepatomas and other cancers.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Effect of MCI-154, a cardiotonic agent, on regional contractile function and myocardial oxygen consumption in the presence and absence of coronary artery stenosis in dogs.

The effects of MCI-154 (6-[4-(4'-pyridyl)aminophenyl]-4,5-dihydro-3(2H)- pyridazinone hydrochloride.3H2O), a cardiotonic agent with calcium sensitizing actions, on regional contractile function and myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) were studied in the dog hearts with and without partial occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery and compared with those of dobutamine. Segment shortening by sonomicrometry, regional myocardial blood flow by microspheres and the oxygen content of coronary venous blood drawn from the ischemic left anterior descending coronary artery area were simultaneously measured. The ischemic zone segment shortening and left ventricular (LV) dP/dtmax were decreased after partial occlusion. The infusion of MCI-154 starting 20 min after ischemia improved the depressed segment shortening and LV dP/dtmax without increasing the ischemic zone MVO2 and regional myocardial blood flow. In the nonischemic hearts, MCI-154 did not increase MVO2 and coronary blood flow despite the augmentation of myocardial contractility. MCI-154 decreased LV end-diastolic pressure and systemic blood pressure. On the other hand, dobutamine failed to increase the ischemic zone segment shortening, but the drug increased MVO2, coronary blood flow and LV dP/dtmax in both ischemic and nonischemic hearts. These results indicate that MCI-154 alleviates the ischemic contractile failure without increasing myocardial oxygen demand. Thus, MCI-154 may be useful in the management of heart failure with reduced coronary reserve.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Re-examination of [3H]mepyramine binding assay for histamine H1 receptor using quinine.

[3H]Mepyramine, a potent antagonist of the histamine H1 receptor, has been widely used as a radioligand binding assay for the H1 receptor. Previously, we purified a mepyramine binding protein (MBP) from rat liver, but found that its partial amino acid sequences were very similar to those of debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase isozymes (P450 db1 and db2), which are members of the superfamily of cytochrome P450. Using cloned histamine H1 receptor cDNA, we found that [3H]mepyramine could bind only the H1 receptor and did not bind MBP in the presence of 10(-5) M quinine, an inhibitor of debrisoquine 4-hydroxylase isozymes. We developed a method to determine the contents of the H1 receptor and MBP separately using [3H]mepyramine and quinine and found that MBP is abundant in certain areas of bovine brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Pregnancy in Cushing's syndrome].

Pregnancy in cases of Cushing's syndrome is rare. A pregnant patient with Cushing's syndrome due to an adrenal adenoma who was diagnosed in the third trimester is described. She underwent conservative treatment for Cushing's syndrome and delivered a normal infant by Caesarean section. Currently, 121 pregnancies in 97 patients have been reported, but a principle for the treatment of the mother and fetus has not yet been established. We reviewed pregnancy in Cushing's syndrome based on the world literature and evaluated the choice of treatment to take. In the first trimester of pregnancy, therapeutic abortion or surgical treatment, such as adrenalectomy or resection of the pituitary tumor in Cushing's syndrome, is recommended for patients with severe hypercorticism (plasma cortisol > or = 30 micrograms/dl, urinary 17-OHCS > or = 15 mg/day, urinary free cortisol > or = 1000 micrograms/day), while conservative treatment is recommended for patients with mild hypercorticism (plasma cortisol < 30 micrograms/dl, urinary 17-OHCS < 15 mg/day, urinary free cortisol < 1000 micrograms/day). In the second trimester of pregnancy, surgical treatment is recommended for patients with severe hypercorticism, while conservative treatment is recommended for patients with mild hypercorticism. In the third trimester of pregnancy, Caesarean section is recommended for most cases. Drug treatments such as with metyrapone should be limited to patients showing severe hypercorticism or a maternal high risk who have contraindications to surgical treatment.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

Effects of semotiadil fumarate (SD-3211) on renal hemodynamics and function in dogs.

Studies were carried out to define the effect of semotiadil on renal hemodynamics, renal function and renin release in pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs. Intrarenal arterial infusion of semotiadil resulted in a significant increase in renal blood flow (RBF), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), urine flow, urinary excretion of electrolytes and renin release. Semotiadil did not affect the linear relationship between osmolar clearance and the free water reabsorption rate, and increased the urinary excretion of sodium and calcium to the same extent. These results suggest that the main tubular site of action of semotiadil is the proximal tubule. Intrarenal infusion of a potent non-peptide angiotensin II antagonist, DuP753 (15 micrograms/kg per min), resulted in an increase in RBF, GFR, urine flow and UNaV. In spite of the blockade of the intrarenal renin angiotensin system(RAS) with DuP753, semotiadil caused almost the same effects as it did in the absence of DuP753. These results suggest that the renal effects of semotiadil are independent of the intrarenal RAS.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1992

Increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+ and stimulation of calcitonin secretion from human medullary thyroid carcinoma cells by the gastrin-releasing peptide.

Examination was made of the effects of gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) on human medullary thyroid carcinoma cells (TT cells). GRP stimulated calcitonin(CT) release in a concentration-dependent manner at 0.1-1000 nmol/l. On adding forskolin along with GRP, CT release was greater than by GRP alone. The stimulatory effect of A23187 was not additive. Intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) was measured for individual TT cells loaded with fura-2. The addition of GRP caused a rapid and transient rise in [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner followed by a sustained increase in [Ca2+]i. In the medium without Ca2+, this sustained increase did not occur and the concentration of CT release from TT cells by GRP was reduced by approximately a half. GRP would thus appear to be importantly involved in the regulation of thyroid C cell function through modulation of [Ca2+]i.

Calcimycin↗