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Biomedical subjects

X Yang

Publications and source records attributed to X Yang.

At least 577 records · Page 32Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Mutation in the promoter region of 21-hydroxylase gene of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mutations in the 21-hydroxylase gene promoter region of patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). METHODS: The authors amplified a 1.6 kb fragment of the CYP21 gene which was confirmed by endonuclease digestion. The PCR product was re-amplified with promoter-region-specific primers. The amplified fragments were analyzed using SSCP and endonuclease digestion methods. RESULTS: Among 12 patients, 6 patients presented an abnormal band on SSCP analysis. By endonuclease digestion test, the authors found a patient who presented one mutation in KpnI recognition site located in the CK-2 (-101) binding region and one in Taq I recognition site located -201. These mutations were confirmed by sequencing. CONCLUSION: Novel mutations were found in the promoter of 21-hydroxylase gene in CAH patients and the findings spurred on further expression studies.

Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital↗
PubMed1999

Antinuclear antibodies as potential markers of lung cancer.

There are multiple case reports of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) in patients with malignancies, yet to date there has not been a systematic survey of ANAs in lung cancer. We have previously reported that autoantibodies to collagen antigens resembling those found in the connective tissue diseases are consistently detected in the sera from lung cancer patients. In this work, we looked for the presence of ANAs in the sera from these same patients. Sera from 64 patients with lung cancer and 64 subjects without a history of cancer were retrospectively tested for reactivity on immunoblots of nuclear extracts of HeLa, small cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, large cell carcinoma of the lung, and of normal lung cells. Associations were sought between the reactivities on immunoblots and lung cancer cell type, diagnosis, and progression-free survival by the method of classification and regression trees (CARTs). Cross-validated CART analyses indicated that reactivities to certain bands in immunoblots are associated with different types of lung cancer. Some of these autoantibodies were associated with a prolonged survival without disease progression. Our data suggest that autoimmunity is often a prominent feature of lung cancer and that molecular characterization of these antigens may lead to the discovery of proteins with diagnostic and prognostic value.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Action of ethanol on responses to nicotine from cerebellar interneurons and medial septal neurons: relationship to methyllycaconitine inhibition of nicotine responses.

BACKGROUND: A majority of alcoholics also smoke, suggesting that alcohol and nicotine share a common action on nicotinic cholinergic receptors. METHODS: Extracellular single-unit recording was used to investigate the effects of ethanol on responses to nicotine from rat cerebellar interneurons and medial septal neurons. RESULTS: Nicotine produced inhibition from medial septal neurons, but increased neural activity of cerebellar interneurons. When ethanol was applied locally to cerebellar interneurons, the excitatory response to nicotine was enhanced in a dose-related manner. Nicotine-induced inhibition from medial septal neurons was reduced by ethanol from the majority of neurons, but a dose relationship for this inhibition by ethanol was not observed. Ethanol affected responses to nicotine from over 90% of all neurons investigated at these sites. Initially, it was established that the nicotinic antagonists, methyllycaconitine (MLA) and alpha-bungarotoxin, which affect a nicotinic cholinergic (nACh) receptor with an alpha7 subunit, had similar actions on responses to nicotine from individual medial septal cells and cerebellar interneurons. When MLA was tested against responses to nicotine from neurons in the two brain regions, MLA antagonized responses to nicotine from only 27% of the neurons rather than the 90% found for ethanol. This latter observation provided evidence that ethanol was affecting neurons with MLA-insensitive receptors. When the actions of ethanol on responses to nicotine were compared directly with the action of MLA on the same medial septal neurons, both ethanol and MLA caused a greater than 50% antagonism of the response to nicotine, indicative that nACh receptors with the alpha7 subunit were sensitive to ethanol. CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, these data provide evidence that ethanol affects responses to nicotine not only from nACh receptors on medial septal cells and cerebellar interneurons containing an alpha7 subunit (i.e., MLA-sensitive receptors), but also from nACh receptor subtypes without this specific nACh receptor subunit (i.e., MLA-insensitive receptors).

Aconitine↗
PubMed1999

Differential expression of antiapoptotic gene BAG-1 in human breast normal and cancer cell lines and tissues.

BAG-1 is an antiapoptotic protein that binds to and enhances the antiapoptotic activity of Bcl-2. It binds several growth factor and hormone receptors and modulates their function. BAG-1 was also shown recently to be expressed as four protein isoforms, p50, p46, p33, and p29, through alternative translation initiation. Although many apoptosis-associated genes have been linked to oncogenesis of human breast cancer, the role of BAG-1 has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined the expression of BAG-1 RNA or protein isoforms and its interacting antiapoptotic proteins, Bcl-2 and BcI-X(L), in breast normal and tumor cell lines and tissues by Northern or Western blot analysis. We provide convincing evidence that both BAG-1 RNA and protein are overexpressed in human breast cancer cell lines. More importantly, we found that the expression of two isoforms of BAG-1, p46 and p33, was also much higher in breast primary tumors. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L) correlated with that of BAG-1 in breast normal and carcinoma cell lines but not tissues. Our study suggests that BAG-1 isoforms may serve as a molecular marker, independent of Bcl-2 and Bcl-X(L), for human breast cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

[A serological investigation of Legionella infection in six-species of poultries and domestic animals in Luzhou City, Sichuan Province].

OBJECTIVE: To understand the prevalence rates of Legionella infection in poutries and domestic animals in Luzhou city. METHODS: Serological investigation of antibodies against Legionella pneumophila serogroups 1-14 and Legionella micdadei was carried out, using microagglutination test (MAT) in six species of poutries and domestic animals. RESULTS: Results showed that the infection with multiple serogroups was present. However, each species had its own serogroup with positive rates of different serogroups ranging from 2.00% to 28.75%. Positive rates of domestic animals and poultry accounted for 4.49% and 6.47% respectively. CONCLUSION: It was suggested that poultries and domestic animals were widely infected with Legionella. It is important to carry out epidemiological surveillance in these domestic animals, poultries and environment for a better control program of this disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Therapeutic effect of abstinence capsule on withdrawal symptoms of heroin addicts.

435 heroin addicts were treated for 10 days to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of abstinence capsule on heroin withdrawal symptoms and its main adverse actions. Lofexidine was applied in a control group of 48 addicts. The single blind method and some determination methods used internationally were employed to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness and adverse actions of the drugs. The results showed that the abstinence capsule has better therapeutic effectiveness, with less adverse actions, wider safety range, longer time of action and less cost than lofexidine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Methotrexate combined chemotherapy for chemorefractory gestational trophoblastic tumour].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the response rate and toxicity of etopside, methotrexate, kengshengmycin, cyclophosphamide and vincristine (EMA/CO) regimen for women with chemorefractory gestational trophoblastic tumour. METHODS: Fifty-one patients with chemorefractory gestational trophoblastic tumour were treated by EMA/CO regimen. Operative excision and (or) selective arterial infusion as adjuncts to chemotherapy were performed in a selected subset of patients. The response and toxicity were assessed after treatment. RESULTS: Fifty-one patients received 352 cycles of the study regimen. The median number of courses for each patient was 6.9. Thirty-three cases (64.7%) achieved a complete remission while 14 patients (27.5%) had a partial remission, 4 cases showed nonresponse. Two (6.7%) of 30 complete responders developed recurrences. The main complications for EMA/CO chemotherapy were myelosuppression and gastrointestinal symptoms. CONCLUSION: The EMA/CO regimen is an effective treatment for chemorefractory gestational trophoblastic tumour, and the chemotherapeutic results can be further improved while combined with arterial infusion chemotherapy and surgery in the selected patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of conjugated estrogen and Org OD14 on serum lipoprotein and apolipoprotein in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women].

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of conjugated estrogen and Org OD14 on serum lipoprotein and apolipoprotein in perimenopausal women. METHOD: 74 patients were divided into 2 groups: 46 were given conjugated estrogen 0.625 mg and medroxyprogesterone acetate 4 mg daily according to the continuous sequential, regimen 28 were given Org OD14 2.5 mg every two days. Serum lipoprotein and apolipoprotein estradiol and follicle stimulating hormone were measured before and (one and two years) after treatment. RESULTS: Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerin (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), Apolipoprotein AI (Apo AI), Apolipoprotein AII (Apo AII), Apolipoprotein B(Apo B), Apolipoprotein CII(Apo CII), Apolipoprotein CIII(Apo CIII), Lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)] increased significantly (P < 0.05), while ApoB/AI, ApoCII/CIII decreased significantly(P < 0.05) in conjugated estrogen group. ApoCIII, E decreased, while ApoAI/AII increased significantly (P < 0.05) in Org OD14 group. After two years treatment, TC, HDL-C, ApoAI, ApoCIII, ApoE, TC, HDL-C, ApoAI, ApoCIII, ApoE of conjugated estrogen group were higher than those of Org OD14 group(P < 0.05), ApoCII/CIII of Conjugated estrogen was lower than that of Org OD14 group(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy regulates the constitution of serum lipoprotein and apolipoprotein.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Clinical value of 99mTc-MIBI imaging, 131I whole body scan and HTG determination for the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma after 131I therapy].

The purpose of this study was to make a comparative evaluation of 99mTc-MIBI imaging, 131I whole body scan and HTG determination in use for the follow-up of patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) after 131I therapy. Fifty-three patients with DTC had undergone surgical treatment and 131I ablation. Clinical examinations showed that 22 of them had metastases or recurrences. In the follow-up of all the patients, the HTG determination, the 99mTc-MIBI imaging and the 131I-WBS were performed in sequence after the discontinuance of the administration of thyroxin for 4-6 weeks. The results showed that the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 99mTc-MIBI imaging were 86.36%, 87.10% and 86.79% respectively; those for HTG were 68.18%, 100% and 86.79% and those for 131I-WBS were 63.64%, 100% and 84.91% respectively. The total sensitivity of the three examinations was 100%; the total specificity and total accuracy were 87.10% and 92.45% respectively. The data of this study suggest that 99mTc-MIBI imaging is a highly sensitive method and the combined use of the three examinations can improve the sensitivity and accuracy of diagnosis for patients with DTC.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

[Pregnancy of patients conceived within one year after chemotherapy for gestational trophoblastic tumor].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk of pregnancy in patients conceived within one year after successful chemotherapy for gestational trophoblastic tumor. METHODS: 22 patients conceived within one year after chemotherapy were followed up and analysed about abnormal pregnant result, wastage rate and the time of interval between chemotherapy and pregnancy. RESULTS: Among 22 cases, 9 cases were full term birth, 6 cases were wastage. The wastage rate was 27.3%. The wastage rate of these patients conceived within half a year was higher than one year (P < 0.05). 1 repeated hydatidiform mole and one post term choriocarcinoma occurred in 22 patients. They both were conceived within 5 months after chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Preservation of fertility is feasible in patients suffering from choriocarcimona and invasive mole. But these patients should practise contraception at least half a year after chemotherapy, and it's better to advise patients to take contraception for one year.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Radioimmunodetection in the diagnosis of trophoblastic disease].

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficiency of radioimmunodetection (RID) to locate the loci of trophoblastic disease. METHOD: 24 RIDs were performed with 131I labeled mouse anti-hCG monoclonal antibodies on 21 patients with trophoblastic disease. RESULTS: Of 24 RIDs performed, 13 were positive, including one false positive; 11 were negative, including two false negative. The sensitivity of RID was 85.7%, the specificity was 90.0%, the accuracy was 87.5%. In 8 patients who underwent operations after RID, the findings of RID were in accordance with the pathologic and immunohistologic findings. CONCLUSIONS: RID is an efficient imaging method for trophoblastic disease. In some cases, RID showed its value as a functional diagnostic method.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Endovascular embolization of traumatic carotid cavernous fistulas.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness of endovascular embolization on treatment of traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula (TCCF). METHODS: From 1986 to 1997, 482 cases of traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula were treated by endovascular embolization in the Beijing Neurosurgical Institute. Several kinds of balloon-catheter were used for embolization. External carotid-cavernous fistulas and rare carotid-cavernous fistulas (CCF) with minute leakage were treated by cyanoacrylate or coils. Although artery approach was applied in most cases (477 cases), vein approach showed its own advantages in some special cases. RESULTS: We found a special "bileakage sign" indicating multileakage of TCCF, which was never mentioned before. All 482 cases were embolized successfully, and 405 cases maintained the patency of internal carotid artery (ICA). No treatment-related deaths occurred and the symptoms and signs of 462 cases were relieved after embolization. Emergency embolization was needed in some conditions such as serious epistaxis, delayed or repeated subdural hematoma, and rapid visual impairment. CONCLUSION: Endovascular embolization of TCCF is a safe and efficient method. Carefully selected operation time, operative approach, and materials are the essential factors to reach a best result.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1999

[Effects of intralesional injection of kenalog or interferon alpha-2b on PDGF BB gene expression in situ of hypertrophic scars].

OBJECTIVE: The study is to determine whether kenalog or interferon alpha-2b inhibits fibroblast growth in hypertrophic scars through decreasing PDGF. METHOD: Six patients with hypertrophic scars received intralesional injection of kenalog or interferon alpha-2b. On the 3rd and 7th day after injection, scar samples from each patient were collected and PDGF mRNA expressions in situ were studied. RESULTS: 1. On the 7th day after intralesional injection of kenalog or interferon alpha-2b, expressions of PDGF BB mRNAs decreased significantly (P < 0.01). However, on the 3rd day the expressions of PDGF BB mRNAs of the intralesional-injected area and non-injected area were not significantly different (P > 0.05). 2. Gene expressions of PDGF BB in situ were higher in hypertrophic scars than in normal skin. CONCLUSION: The mechanism of kenalog or interferon alpha-2b in ameliorating hypertrophic scar is to reduce mitosis and prohibit proliferation of fibroblasts in hypertrophic scars by inhibiting PDGF gene expression.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Prevention of intrauterine infection by hepatitis B virus with hepatitis B immune globulin: efficacy and mechanism.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) in preventing intrauterine infection by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and to investigate its mechanism. METHODS: Forty-eight pregnant women positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) were randomly divided into 2 groups. The 34 women in the study group were injected with HBIG during pregnancy; the other 14 women were controls. Maternal blood samples were taken before HBIG injection and at delivery. Neonatal blood samples were taken within 24 hours after birth before HBIG and hepatitis B vaccine were given. HBsAg and antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs) were tested by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: None of the 35 newborns (including 2 twins) in the study group was positive for HBsAg, but 3 (21%) in the control group were positive (P = 0.02). The HBsAg titers in the women in the study group decreased after HBIG injection. Of the 35 newborns in the study group, 32 (91%) were positive for anti-HBs. CONCLUSION: Systematic injections of HBIG during pregnancy may prevent intrauterine HBV infection, the mechanism of which may be reduction of maternal HBV virernia and production of fetal passive immunity.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[The diagnostic values of CA242 combining other tumor markers for lung cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic values of CA242, TPA, NSE and CEA tumor markers for lung cancer. METHODS: Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). The serum levels of four markers in lung cancer, TB patients and normal subjects (NOR) were measured. RESULTS: Serum concentrations of CA242, TPA, NSE and CEA were significantly higher in patients with lung cancer than patients with TB and NOR (P < 0.01). The sensitivities of CA242 were 65% for adenocarcinoma (AC), 41% for squamous cancer (Sq) and 32% for SCLC, respectively; the specificity was 93%. The sensitivities of NSE were 33%(AC), 41%(Sq) and 71%(SCLC), respectively; the specificity was 97%. The sensitivities of TPA were 65%(AC), 69%(Sq) and 61%(SCLC), respectively; the specificity was 93%. The sensitivities of CEA were 72%(AC), 54%(Sq) and 55%(SCLC), respectively; the specificity was 93%. Using two tumor markers the positive rates were 79% (AC), 54%(Sq) and 63%(SCLC), respectively; the false positive rates in TB and NOR were 7% and 0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Assessing several markers can help differentiating various histological type of lung cancer and can increase significantly the sensitivity and specificity. It is clinically more useful than single marker evaluation. CA242 can be used in diagnosis of lung cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

[Clinical analysis of combination therapy for 252 patients of lung cancer with brain metastasis].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of combination therapy and prognostic factors for lung cancer patients with brain metastasis. METHODS: The survival time and survival rates with various therapeutic methods were analyzed retrospectively in 252 patients with brain metastasis. RESULTS: The median survival time and 1, 2 year survival rates in surgery and X-knife plus radio-chemotherapy group and combination therapy of radiotherapy with chemotherapy were significantly longer than radio-chemotherapy alone group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05); the pathological type of lung cancer did not affect the survival time and survival rate (P > 0.05); the survival time and survival rate of single brain metastasis (median survival time was 8.5 months 1, 2 year survival rates were 35% and 11% respectively) and non-extrabrain metastasis (8.5 months, 29%, 8%) were much longer than multiple brain metastasis and extrabrain metastasis (P < 0.01); the 1 year survival rate of older patients(> or = 50 years, 29%) were significantly higher than younger ones (< 50 years, 15%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Combination therapy of surgery and X-knife plus radio-chemotherapy are better than radio-chemotherapy alone for brain metastasis of lung cancer, severity of metastasis and patients' age are the prognostic factors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1999

[Radioimmunodetection of human trophoblastic cancer xenograft in nude mice].

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficiency of radioimmunodetection to locate xenograft of human trophoblastic cancer in nude mouse. METHODS: Radioimmunodetection was performed with a cocktail of 131I-labeled mouse anti-hCG monoclonal antibodies to image xenogaft of human trophoblastic cancer in nude mice. Normal mouse IgG used to treat mice bearing trophoblastic cancer xenograft was used as control. Radioactivity in different tissues was measured and the tumor/non-tumor(T/NT) ratio was calculated. RESULTS: The accumulation of radioactivity in the xenograft could be recognized as early as 24 hours after the injection of the radiolabeled anti-hCG antibodies. Radioactivity accumulation became increasingly evident with time. At 72-96 hours after injection of the radiolabled antibodies, the xenograft could be clearly shown. The minimal size of the xenograft with demonstrable radioactively was 0.8 cm in diameter. The T/NT ratio increased with time and was obviously higher than that in mice treated with normal mouse IgG. CONCLUSION: Radioimmunodetection can efficiently locate human trophoblastic cancer xenograft in nude mice.

Animals↗