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Biomedical subjects

X Martin

Publications and source records attributed to X Martin.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[The prevention of recurrence of calculus: results of a regional study].

The frequency of measures of prevention of stone recurrence was evaluated in 250 patients treated in one center by extra corporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Half were recurrent stone formers (RSF). Only two thirds admitted a previous 24 h urinary analysis and less than 30% knew the result as abnormal while hypercalciuria and or hyperuricuria was later evidenced in 63%. These figures were similar in first stone and recurrent stones formers. Dietary or drug based regimen were followed by only 27.5% of RSF irrespective of the activity of the disease. This percentage was the highest (40%) in RSF known as having abnormal urinary values and the lowest (13%) in those without previous analysis. Only 17% of RSF admitted having received dietary advise after ESWL.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Vesico-ureteral-renal reflux in the adult. Preliminary results of endoscopic treatment].

Vesico-ureteric reflux in adult patient may now be treated endoscopically by injecting teflon under the ureteral orifices. Twenty-six ureteral units were treated by this technique in 18 patients. Correction of the reflux was obtained in 22 units (85 p. 100); the technique was ineffective in 4 units (15 p. 100). No complication was observed in this series; in particular, there was no stenosis of the intramural ureter. These encouraging preliminary results have to be confirmed on a long-term basis in large series of patients.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1988

Post-transplant renal artery stenosis: a cause of anuria. Report of 2 cases corrected by revascularization.

We report 2 cases of severe hypertension and acute onset of anuria after renal transplantation in which angiography revealed renal artery stenosis. After renal artery reconstructive surgery renal function returned to normal and the hypertension improved. A high index of suspicion is needed to make the diagnosis. Only by heightened awareness of this important entity will patients with post-transplantation anuria secondary to renal artery stenosis be identified. Such patients may benefit from renal artery revascularization to reverse this type of renal failure.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Treatment of upper ureteral stones.

From September 1984 to March 1986, 70 patients with upper ureteral stones were treated in our institution. 43 patients underwent endoscopic procedures including retrograde ureterorenoscopy, antegrade ureterorenoscopy and percutaneous surgery. A second group of 27 patients was treated by extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). The overall success rate was 74.5 and 85% for the endoscopic and the ESWL groups, respectively. Obstruction and dilatation of the renal collecting system seemed to play a major role in the failure of either endoscopic or ESWL treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Modification in amplitude of nycthemeral changes in intraocular pressure under timolol].

Diurnal variations of intraocular pressure are probably related to indolamines, prostaglandins, and the sensory nervous system. Because timolol maleate is able to block beta-1, beta-2, and dopaminergic receptors, as well as to act like an antagonist of serotonin, we evaluated its effect on diurnal variations of intraocular pressure. Eighty-eight intraocular pressure curves were established in 22 normal young volunteers. Intraocular pressures were measured in both eyes before and one week after the beginning of monolateral treatment with timolol 0.5% twice daily. The results showed a decrease in amplitude of diurnal variations of 24% (P = 0.07 in paired t-test) in timolol-treated eyes and no significant change in the contralateral eyes. The difference between both eyes was statistically significant in paired t-test (P = 0.01). Knowing the type of receptors on which timolol is susceptible to act, and furthermore, the type of neuro-transmitter which may be involved in the regulatory mechanisms of diurnal variations of intraocular pressure, we suggest that timolol could reduce the amplitude of these variations by means of interactions with indolamines.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Treatment of lithiasis in horse-shoe kidney].

Between september 1985 and april 1987 the authors treated 16 patients with 27 calculi in horse-shoe kidneys. 14 patients were treated by extra-corporeal lithotrity with two failures from the outset because of impossibility of positioning the lithiasis at the second site of the ellipsoid. In the other twelve cases and 3 months after treatment there were four complete successes (no residual calculi) and eight partial successes with, in seven cases, residual calculi less than 4 mm in diameter and, in one case, a residual calculus of more than 10 mm. Of 4 percutaneous nephrolithotomies, including two from the outset, there were no post-operative complications and, only in one case, residual fragments in the inferior calyx. The authors then analyzed the special features and difficulties inherent to the unusual topography of the renal cavities of horse-shoe kidneys. Such topography leads to modifications which are described by the authors both in the technique of extra-corporeal lithotrity as well as in that of percutaneous nephrolithotomy. The study ends with an analysis of the respective indications of the two methods of extra-corporeal or endo-urological treatment of lithiasis affecting horse-shoe kidneys.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Electrohydraulic biliary lithotripsy. What approach?].

In 11 patients stones in the common bile duct or in intrahepatic bile ducts could not be extracted by the retrograde route after endoscopic sphincterotomy. Electro-hydraulic lithotripsy was then attempted, using the retrograde route in 4 cases, the transhepatic route in 3 cases and the extracorporeal shock wave technique in 7 cases. The stones could be divided into fragments small enough to be extracted in all patients. The respective indications of the 3 types of electro-hydraulic biliary lithotripsy are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

Vibrations can induce rupture of zonular fibers.

A case of 'spontaneous' zonular fiber rupture with internal prolapse of the vitreous body without dislocation of the lens is presented. The etiopathogenesis of the lesion is discussed, especially that of the vibrations to which the patient was exposed for more than 10 years. As far as we know, this case is the first description of zonular fiber rupture induced by occupational exposure to vibrations.

Eye Diseases↗
PubMed1987

[Local treatment of obstructive uric acid calculi].

Dissolution of uric acid calculi could be obtained by oral or parenteral urinary alcalinization, but this method cannot apply to the case of obstructive calculi. Nineteen obstructive calculi in 18 patients were treated by in situ alcalinization through a percutaneous nephrostomy catheter (PCN). Eight patients were initially anuric, 7 of whom from an obstructed solitary kidney and 1 from a bilateral obstructive lithiasis. Fifteen calculi were located in the ureter, 3 in the uretero-pelvic junction and 1 in the pelvis. After 48 h of urinary diversion through PCN, an isotonic sodium bicarbonate solution (14 g %) was continuously infused at an average flow rate of 2.8 l/24 h, through either an unique PCN, or a 2 PCN-irrigation circuit in the 7 cases with permanently obstructive calculus. Fifteen calculi (80%) were completely dissolved after 3 to 13 days of alcalinization (average 5.8 days). One large calculus was reduced by 3/4 and further removed by percutaneous lithotripsy. Three patients underwent ureterotomy after 9 to 11 days of uneffective treatment. Local alcalinization is an effective and non invasive treatment for obstructive uric acid calculi, and is logically associated with the necessary urinary diversion.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[Ureteral stenoses after renal transplantation].

Out of 953 kidney transplantations performed in Lyon up to the end of 1984, we observed 28 (2.9%) post-operative ureteral stenoses. Most of them were diagnosed during the first year post-transplantation. Surgical reparation of the stenosis involved either ureterovesical reimplantation or pyeloureteral anastomosis with the patients' own ureter. Return to normal renal function was observed in 64.2% of our patients while in 10.7% renal function was stabilized. Actuarial postoperative graft survival was 66% at one year and 58% at two years of follow-up.

Adolescent↗