Biomedical subjects

X Liu

Publications and source records attributed to X Liu.

At least 703 records · Page 39Linked to original sources

PubMed2000

[Quantitative analysis of 4(3)-quinazolinedione in 4 "daqingye", leave of Isatis indigotica, Baphicacanthus cusia, Polygonum tinctorium and Clerodendron cyrtophyllum].

Using 4(3)-quinazolinedione, the active constituent of "Daqingye", as the quality control criteria, 4 samples of the herbal drug collected from Isatis indigotica, Baphicacanthus cusia, Polygonum tinctorium and Clerodendron cyrtophyllum were comparetively analyzed by RP-HPLC. The results showed that the average 4(3)-quinazolinedione contents (microgram/g) were 30.7, 7.2, 4.4 and 27.5 respectively. This method was proved to be quick, simple and reproducible, and provided a reliable basis for the quality control and evaluation of Chinese Traditional Drug "Daqingye".

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal↗

PubMed2000

[Effect of ethyl acetate extract of Eclipta prostrata on mice of normal and immunosupression].

OBJECTIVE: The regulatory effects of ethyl acetate extract of Eclipta prostrata (EAEEP) on immune function were studied. METHODS: The experimental immunosuppressive mice models were induced by injection of cyclophosphamide or hydrocartisone. RESULTS: The index of spleen in normal mice were decreased significantly. So was the level of hemolysin in serum, Delayed trpe hypersensitivity was also inhibited at the same condition. But EAEEP can increase all these indexes in immunosuppressive mice. CONCLUSION: EAEEP possesses obvious regulatory action on immune function in mice.

Acetates↗

PubMed2000

Study on stereometric parameters of optic nerve head of normal, big-cupped disk and glaucomatous eyes using Heidelberg retina tomograph.

PURPOSE: To investigate the difference of stereometric parameters of optic nerve head between the normal subjects and patients with big-cupped disk and primary open angle glaucoma(POAG). METHODS: Twenty-two cases (44 eyes) of normal subjects, 17 cases (34 eyes) of patients with big-cupped disk and 19 cases (37 eyes) of patients with POAG underwent Heidelberg Retina Tomograph (HRT) examination to get topography images and stereometric parameters of optic nerve head. RESULTS: The stereometric parameters of optic nerve head of the normal, patients with big-cupped disk and POAG were 1) disk area (mm2): 1.995 +/- 0.501, 2.407 +/- 0.661 and 2.248 +/- 0.498; 2) cup area (mm2): 0.573 +/- 0.264, 1.095 +/- 0.673 and 1.340 +/- 0.516; 3) cup/disk ratio: 0.257 +/- 0.095, 0.428 +/- 0.176 and 0.589 +/- 0.195; 4) rim area (mm2): 1.461 +/- 0.328, 1.312 +/- 0.418 and 0.905 +/- 0.409; 5) cup volume (mm3): 0.108 +/- 0.073, 0.347 +/- 0.346 and 0.550 +/- 0.394; 6) rim volume (mm3): 0.421 +/- 0.111, 0.378 +/- 0.225 and 0.224 +/- 0.189; 7) mean cup depth (mm): 0.225 +/- 0.070, 0.327 +/- 0.105 and 0.424 +/- 0.148; 8) maxim cup depth (mm): 0.630 +/- 0.178, 0.732 +/- 0.170 and 0.871 +/- 0.245; 9) cup shape measure (mm): -0.1867 +/- 0.09, -0.108 +/- 0.068 and -0.02 +/- 0.164; 10) mean RNFL thickness (mm): 0.290 +/- 0.053, 0.236 +/- 0.131 and 0.174 +/- 0.134; 11) RNFL cross sectional area (mm2): 1.419 +/- 0.332, 1.263 +/- 0.606 and 0.920 +/- 0.687. Besides, there was no difference of disk area between big cupped disk group and POAG group, no difference of rim area, rim volume and RNFL thickness between normal group and big cupped disk group, statistics analysis showed that there was significant difference of other stereometric parameters between the normal group and big cupped disk group or big cupped disk group and POAG group. CONCLUSIONS: There is certain difference of optic nerve head between the normal subjects and big-cupped disk and patients with POAG.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Lens epithelial cell proliferation and cell density in human age-related cataract.

PURPOSE: To discuss the potential effect of the lens epithelial cell proliferation in age-related cataract. METHODS: In vitro cell proliferation was assayed by MTT method to evaluate the lens epithelial cell density, index, and proliferation capacity in normal lens and all kinds of age-related cataract. Capsulotomy specimens from all kinds of patients who underwent cataract phacoemulsification extraction surgery were compared with the lens epithelial specimens from non-cataract lenses of Eye Bank eyes. RESULTS: Lens epithelial cell density of central anterior capsule (LECD) in female normal lens was higher than that in male, LECD in nuclear cataract (> NIII) was higher than that in normal lens, but in the mature cortical cataract, LECD was lower. Mitotic index of three kinds of age-related cataracts in vivo had no statistical difference, neither did cell proliferation capacity of cultivated cells in vitro. CONCLUSION: The individual difference of lens epithelial cell density and proliferation capacity in vivo may be an important underlying cause for senile cataract in the cellular level, especially for nuclear cataract.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Effects of epidermal growth factor on wound healing of penetrating keratoplasty in rabbits].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on wound healing of the penetrating keratoplasty(PKP) in rabbits. METHODS: Twelve rabbits (24 eyes) were stratified randomly divided into 6 groups and underwent penetrating keratic autoplasy. Liquid scintillation counter was used to measure the incorporation rate of 3H-TdR. Pressure-detector was used to survey the intensity of keratic wound healing. AgNORs staining was used to count the fibroblast cells at keratic wound. HE staining, VG staining, AgNORs staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the morphological changes of keratic wound. RESULTS: 1 The intensity of EGF group on 8 days, 14 days and 21 days after PKP was significantly higher than that of the control group(P < 0.01). 2. The incorporation rate of 3H-TdR in wound healing the EGF group on 14 days and 21 days was obviously higher than that of the control group(P = 0.01). 3. The number of fibroblast cells of EGF were more than that of the control group(P < 0.01) in 8 days. CONCLUSION: EGF can promote the wound healing in rabbits after PKP.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[Quantitative measurement of macular thickness in normal subjects by optical coherence tomography].

OBJECTIVE: To measure the thickness of retinal neurosensory layer, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choriocapillaris in normal subjects by optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: Sixty normal subjects (120 eyes) were examined by OCT with 4 mm scanning length horizontally and vertically through foveola. The mean thickness of retinal neurosensory layer, RPE and choriocapillaris thickness in foveola, 175 microns and 750 microns to foveola, were calculated and compared. RESULTS: The mean thickness of retinal neurosensory layer is 146.34 +/- 8.58 microns in foveola; 155.58 +/- 10.20 microns in 175 microns to foveola and 252.98 +/- 14.07 microns in 750 microns to foveola. The mean thickness of RPE and choriocapillaris is 106.26 +/- 10.58 microns in foveola; 104.98 +/- 7.24 microns in 175 microns to foveola and 106.84 +/- 9.95 microns in 750 microns to foveola. The results show that there are no significant in mean thickness of retinal neurosensory layer in 175 microns to foveola in statistics, but there are differences in 750 microns to foveola between nasal and temporal or superior, inferior and nasal, temporal. The differences in mean RPE and choriocapillaris thickness of all sites are not significant. Correlative analysis showed that there is no correlation between retinal neurosensory layer, RPE and choriocapillaris thickness and age. CONCLUSION: OCT can accurately measure the thickness of retina in normal eyes and provide a subjective and Quantitative method to diagnose macular diseases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[The clinical analysis of 260 combined surgery of glaucoma and cataract].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of the combined surgery of glaucoma and cataract. METHODS: We reviewed 260 consecutive cases (279 eyes) who underwent the combined procedure of glaucoma and cataract. The patients were divided into three groups: group 1: extracapsular cataract extraction combined with trabeculectomy; group 2: extracapsular cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation combined with trabeculectomy; group 3: cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation combined with trabeculectomy; We analyzed and compared the postoperative visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure(IOP) and complications among three groups. RESULTS: 16.2%, 32.4% and 43.5% of patients in three groups achieved 0.3 or better VA. The VA improved rate were 46.6%, 70.4% and 78.3% respectively. The mean postoperative IOP of three groups were 12.72 +/- 6.66 mmHg(1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), 13.01 +/- 5.26 mmHg, 12.63 +/- 4.66 mmHg(compared with preoperative IOP, P < 0.01). The complications of group 3 were much less than those of the other two groups. CONCLUSION: The combined surgery can control the IOP effectively; The triple procedure can improve the VA rapidly and the phacoemulsification technique can decrease the complications.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Laryngostroboscopy in the monitoring of precancerous lesion of vocal cord and in canceration tracing].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of laryngostroboscopy in the monitoring of precancerous lesion of vocal cord and in the canceration tracing. METHODS: Fifty-two cases of precancerous lesion of vocal cord were examined under Laryngostroboscope. The modifications of mucosal wave and amplitude of vocal cord vibration were observed. All cases were monitored for 1-6 years. RESULTS: The mucosal wave was weak in 45 of 52 cases (86.3%) and the amplitude of vocal cord vibration was weak in 4 of 52 cases (9.6%) with precancerous lesions. However, the mucosal wave disappeared and the amplitude of vocal cord vibration weakened in all 14 cases with early glottic cancer. CONCLUSION: Laryngostroboscopy can be used in diagnosis of glottic precancerous lesion and distinguishing it from the early glottic cancer. It is also an effective means of canceration tracing.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗

PubMed2000

[Diagnosis and nasal endoscopic surgery of rhinogenic optic function damage].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the diagnosis and the surgical treatment of rhinogenic optic function damage through transnasal endoscopic approach. METHODS: The clinical characteristics and the results of transnasal endoscopic surgery of 32 cases(32 eyes) with rhinogenic optic function damage were analyzed. RESULTS: Eleven eyes were cured, 20 eyes were improved, 1 eye failed, No recurrence was found within 6 months to 3 years after operation. CONCLUSION: The sinus inflammatory disease might injure optic function. Early diagnosis as is important and the endoscopic sinus surgery combined with appropriate medical drug administration are in effective.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[CT anatomic measurement of the optic canal and its clinical significance].

OBJECTIVE: To probe into the normal anatomy of the optic canal and its clinical significance. METHODS: The optic canals of 200 normal subjects were examined by thin layer CT scan in axial nd coronal positions. The distance and anatomic relationship with circumferentral structure were measured. RESULTS: In average: (1) The transverse diameter of the optic canal was (3.57 +/- 0.61) mm, the longitudinal diameter was (4.82 +/- 0.38) mm, the length of the inner wall was (12.62 +/- 2.59) mm, the length of the outer wall was (10.18 +/- 2.19) mm, and the length of the optic canal was (11.46 +/- 2.35) mm. The angle between optic canal and the middle line of the skull was 34.34 degrees +/- 6.48 degrees, the angle between optic canal and the intraorbital optic was 10.69 degrees +/- 6.48 degrees. The thickness of the inner wall was (0.68 +/- 0.46) mm. It showed no significant difference between the two sides of the optic canal in diameters(P > 0.05). (2) The optic canal, the superior orbital fissure and the inferior orbital fissure were respectively shown as track, crack and gorge type in CT axial pictures, while in the coronal pictures, they were respectively shown as butterfly eyes, horizontal fissure and vertical fissure type. (3) The relationship of the posterior ethmoid sinus and the optic canal was: anterocanal(42.00%), semicanal(27.5%), whole-canal(18.75%), sella turcica(9.75%) and circumcanal(2.00%). (4) The relationship of the position of the sphenoidal sinus and the optic canal was: I degree sphenoidal sinus(20%), II degree (63%) and III degree (17%). (5) The incidence of the bony defect of the inner optic canal wall was 25.5%. The range of the defect was (5.07 +/- 2.52) mm. CONCLUSION: It's a reliable way to show the relation of the optic canal and circumcanal by CT, and it is of important value in operation.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

Protective effect of melatonin on neural cells against the cytotoxicity of oxyradicals.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the exact mechanism of melatonin to prohibit the apoptosis of neural cells induced by various kinds of cytotoxic agents. METHODS: We used the methods of phase contrast microscopy, MTT assay and hoechst dye staining to check this mechanism in SKNSH and U251 cell lines. RESULTS: Both 2 mmol/L H2O2 and 0.5 micromol/L amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) induce these two cell lines die via apoptosis. Either melatonin or glutathione can significantly protect both cell lines. The protective effect of 10 micromol/L melatonin is as same as that of 60 micromol/L glutathione. CONCLUSION: Melatonin can partly inhibit the cytotoxicity of H2O2 and Abeta through its role as a free radical scavenger.

Amyloid beta-Peptides↗

PubMed2000

The value of 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion spect imaging in detecting coronary artery disease in patients with valvular disease before operation.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to detect coronary artery disease using 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging in patients with valvular disease. METHODS: Thirty patients with valvular disease confirmed by echocardiography underwent 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging using multiSPECT 1h after stress test (exercise, dipyridamole or dobutamine test) and were performed coronary angiography within 1 month before valvular operation. RESULTS: For 29 out of the 30 patients, the results of 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging were similar with those of coronary angiography, the concordance rate was 96.7% and the negative predictability was 100%. CONCLUSION: 99Tc-MIBI myocardial perfusion imaging is a reliable non-invasive method for detecting coronary artery disease in patients with valvular disease and so as to draw up suitable operation programs for them.

Coronary Angiography↗

PubMed2000

[The diagnosis and treatment of Lyme disease: a report of six cases].

We retrospectively analyzed the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of 6 cases of Lyme disease from November, 1994 to December, 1998. According to our report, doxycycline, penicillin, and ceftriaxone are effective drugs for Lyme disease. The shorter the disease course is, the better the treatment effect will be. Patients in phase III usually need repeated treatment.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000

[Combined use of steroid hormone and low dose gossypol for antifertility and its mechanism in rats].

OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility and the morphological mechanism of combined use of steroid hormone (methyltestosterone and ethinyl estradiol) and low dose gossypol for antifertility in adult Wistar rats. METHODS: We used methyltestosterone 20 mg/(kg.d), ethinyl estradiol 100 micrograms/(kg.d), and gossypol 12 mg/(kg.d) to feed male rats for 6 weeks via gastric intubation to induce infertility, then used gossypol 12 mg/(kg.d) alone for another 12 weeks to maintain infertility. Testicular sperm counts, cauda epididymal sperm motility, and sperm silver staining were used to determine infertility and morphology of sperm at the end of the two phases. Testicular morphology of the rats was observed from HE and PAS staining of paraffin sections. F1 generation of the rats would be examined in a series of behavioral tests after their 6-week recovery periods. RESULTS: There was no substantial change in testicular sperm counts of drugs-treated rats both for 6 weeks and 6 plus 12 weeks compared with that of control. But cauda epididymal sperm motility of drugs-treated rats went down to zero at the end of two phrases. The result of sperm silver staining showed that epididymal sperm were all deleterious of either segregation of sperm nucha from sperm head, or separation in annular granule of sperm tail. The observation of testicular morphology suggested that spermatogenesis is only partially affected. The ratios of stages II-III (9.3 +/- 3.4)% and stages IX-X (3.6 +/- 0.6)% were remarkably dropped, but that of stages IV-VI (36.7 +/- 5.0)% obviously ascended comparing with (26.8 +/- 1.7)%, (6.0 +/- 0.4)%, (24.5 +/- 2.7)% of control at the end of 6 plus 12 weeks. Moreover, no adverse effect was found in viscera tissue sections. CONCLUSIONS: Steroid hormone made the procedure of spermatogenesis slower and low dose gossypol caused all sperm lose their activity in epididymis. Both affect the process of spermatogenesis from different endpoints and successfully induce infertility in short term. Low dose gossypol not only executes its antifertility function in epididymis, but also affects the quality of spermatozoal production in testis by impacting the procedures of both acrosomal formation and spermatozoal elongation, so it can completely maintain infertility in long term. The infertility was reversible that the infertile rats can be recovery in about 6 weeks. Their F1 generation were proved to be normal through a set of behavioral tests.

Administration, Oral↗

PubMed2000

[Male contraception of triptonide and its function mechanism].

OBJECTIVE: The male contraceptive mechanism in rats of triptonide, isolated from Multiglycosides of Tripterygium wilfordii (GTW), was investigated. METHODS: The dosage of triptonide was 200 micrograms/(kg.d), fed for 8 weeks via gastric intubation. Sperm counts, sperm motility, and sperm silver staining were used to test the antispermatogenic effect of triptonide; the study of morphology was learned from paraffin sections of testis and visceras of triptonide-treated rats; protamine was abstracted from testis by electrophoresis; using antisense mRNA of cyclin D1 and Cdk4 as prodes, we examined the expression of cyclin D1 and Cdk4 through hybridization in situ. RESULTS: Sperm counts (26.43 +/- 3.90) x 10(6)/g and sperm motility(66.0 +/- 6.8)% of triptonide-treated rats were substantially different from those of control, (41.15 +/- 5.51) x 10(6)/g (P < 0.01) and (88.0 +/- 2.0)% (P < 0.001). Paraffin sections of testis of triptonide-treated rats stained by PAS showed that the number of spermatids per 100 sertoli cells (9.15 +/- 0.33) was remarkably decreased compared with control's (10.73 +/- 0.38) (P < 0.001). At the same time, delaying sperm-released process was observed, which affects the nature course of sperm. And the extended vacuoles of vary sizes, the segregation of cells in lumens were also found in the cross-section of testis of rats treated with triptonide. In addition, the contents of protamine (4.6 +/- 2.2)% was extremely decreased, compared with the control's (40.6 +/- 7.2)% (P < 0.001). By using antisense mRNA of cyclin D1 and Cdk4 as prodes, we detected that the expression of the genes was notably increased in spermatids. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest the antispermatogenic effect of triptonide is very well and it mainly plays its role on spermatids by increasing the expression of cyclin D1 and Cdk4, meanwhile, decreasing the biosynthesis of protamine. The appropriate target region of triptonide makes itself most potency to be a suitable male antifertility drug.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

[Follow-up study of total condylar knee arthroplasty with three types of Chinese knee prosthetics].

OBJECTIVE: To clinical evaluate the results of total condylar knee arthroplasty using three types of Chinese knee prosthesis. METHODS: Hundred and two knees (in 92 patients) arthroplasty were performed in our department during the 14 years (April 1981-November 1995) were analyzed. The follow-up period averaged 64.4 months. Eight cases had died and 14 cases were lost of follow-up, leaving 80 knees in 70 patients for clinical evaluation. The clinical results were evaluated according to Hospital for Special Surgery Rating System. RESULTS: The average preoperative score was 47.65 and the postoperative score was 90.23. Almost all patients achieved significant pain relief after operation. Sixty-one of the 70 patients (87%) reported that they satisfied or very satisfied with the results of surgery. There were 6 failures. One was due to deep infection, one with loose patellar component, and four directly related to either improper selection or technical reasons. CONCLUSIONS: Total condylar knee arthroplasty with Chinese knee prosthetics gives a satisfactory grade of pain relief and movement of the operated knee. Chinese knee prosthetics is safety and durable.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

[Papanicolaou test in pregnancy].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the necessity, safety and acceptability of routine Papanicolaou (Pap) smear in pregnant women and cytological characteristics of the smears during pregnancy. METHODS: Pap smear were performed in 954 pregnant women, 1,053 normal controls and 1,908 gynecological out-patients. The cytological preparations were analyzed by using PAPNET method and following Bethesda (TBS-NCI) diagnostic criteria. Quality control was carried out by following TBS-NCI standard. RESULTS: Abnormal epithelial change was found in 89 women (89/954, 9.3%) of pregnant group, which was quite similar to normal controls group and gynecological group. Occurrence rate of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) was the lowest in pregnant group (0.94%, 9 in 954 cases), comparing with control group (2.75%) and gynecological group (6.23%). However, pregnant group had the highest infection rate (89.9%), as compared to gynecological group (64.5%), and normal controls group (69.1%) (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Cervical Pap smear test is necessary, safety and acceptable for routine prenatal tests. Any pregnant women with infections must be treated as nonpregnant one.

Adult↗

PubMed2000

Arginine vasopressin gene expression in supraoptic nucleus and paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamous following cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.

BACKGROUND: Our previous studies indicated that the increased arginine vasopressin (AVP) in ischemic brain regions of gerbils could exacerbate the ischemic brain edema. This experiments is further clarify the relation between AVP and cerebral ischemia at the molecular level. METHODS: The contents of AVP, AVP mRNA, AVP immunoreactive (ir) neurons in supraoptic nucleus(SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) after cerebral ischemia and reperfusion were respectively determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA), immunocytochemistry (II C), situ hybridization and computed image pattern analysis. RESULTS: The contents of AVP in SON, PVN were increased, and the AVP ir positive neurons in SON and PVN were also significantly increased as compared with the controls after ischemia and reperfusion. And there were very light staining of AVP ir positive neurons in the other brain areas such as suprachiasmatic nucleus (SC) and periventricular hypothalamic nucleus (PE), but these have no significant changes as compared with the controls. During different periods of cerebral ischemia (30 approximately 120 min) and reperfusion (30 min), AVP mRNA expression in SON and PVN were more markedly increased than the controls. CONCLUSIONS: The transcription of AVP gene elevated, then promoting synthesis and release of AVP in SON, PVN. Under the specific condition of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, the activity and contents of central AVP increased abnormally is one of the important factors which causes ischemia brain damage.

Animals↗