Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

W Zhang

Publications and source records attributed to W Zhang.

At least 685 records · Page 38Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Clinical study of treating infantile acute nephritis with antipyretic and detoxication, cooling blood and diuretic principle].

OBJECTIVE: To find out the relationship between nitric oxide and onset of infantile acute nephritis, and the effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine (WM) combination therapy. METHODS: Dividing 44 infantile acute nephritis patients into two groups. Group 1 was treated with cooling blood and diuretic principle, together with WM, Group 2 was treated with antipyretic and detoxication, cooling blood and diuretic principle, together with WM. The content of nitrite/nitrate iron (Fe NO2/NO3) in blood before and after treatment were determined through Griess nitrate reduction method, then compared with that of 28 healthy children. RESULTS: The content of Fe NO2/NO3 being in acute nephritis period was obvious higher than that of control group and reconvalecent period, P < 0.01. The macroscopic hematuria was higher than that of microscopic hematuria, P < 0.01. Urinary alexin third element (C3) and alpha 2-macroglobulin (alpha 2-M) positive patients Fe NO2/NO3 was higher than that of negative ones, P < 0.01. Those complicated with infection Fe NO2/NO3 was higher than that without infection P < 0.01. Short term cure rate of group 2 was higher than that of group 1, P < 0.05. Nitric oxide may participate the onset and pathogenesis of infantile acute nephritis. CONCLUSION: TCM-WM combination therapy, especially antipyretic and detoxication, cooling blood and diuretic principle, could restrain nitric oxide from damaging tissue and remitting disease.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1999

[Study on effect and mechanism of essential garlic oil in inhibiting monocyte-vascular endothelial cell adhesion induced by interleukin-1 alpha].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of essential garlic oil (EGO) on vascular cell adhesive molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression of endothelial cell and monocyte adhesion induced by interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha). METHODS: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were isolated by pancreatin digestion method and co-cultured with U937 monocyte and IL-1 alpha or EGO + IL-1 alpha respectively. The adhesion rate of monocyte to endothelial cell was measured and mean fluorescent intensity of immuno-stained of VCAM-1 was determined by ACAS 570. RESULTS: EGO showed significant inhibition on VCAM-1 expression induced by IL-1 alpha either in simple culture with HUVEC or in co-culture with HUVEC + U937, and could obviously down regulate the monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion under effect of IL-1 alpha. CONCLUSION: EGO has the effect of antagonizing against adhesion of monocyte and vascular endothelial cell, it may be due to the inhibition of EGO on adhesive molecular expression on endothelial cell.

Allyl Compounds↗
PubMed1999

[The effect of upon the stimulating action of glyburide in the islet cell secretion of insulin and its mechanism].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect and mechanism of amylin upon oral sulfonylurea drugs and its action to stimulate the islet cell secretion of insulin in rats. METHODS: Radioimmunogical and fluorescence methods were used to determine the amount of insulin secretion as well as the content of intracellular Ca(2+) of the rat islets incubated with amylin in different concentrations and followed by glyburide stimulation test. RESULTS: In amylin concentrations of 5 micromol/L and 10 micromol/L, 3 nmol/L glyburide decreased insulin release volume, being (3.8 +/- 1.0) microg/L and (2.1 +/- 1.0) microg/L as compare with (4.9 +/- 0.9) microg/L of the control group (t = 2.313, P < 0.05; t = 5.887, P < 0.01). Intracellular Ca(2+) content in the two concentrations was (270 +/- 15) nmol/L and (130 +/- 15) nmol/L, being markedly decreased as compared with (330 +/- 18) nmol/L of the control group. The changes were dosage related (t = 7.243, P < 0.01; t = 24.143, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: High concentration of amylin is responsible for the prevention of the rise of Ca(2+) inside in the islet beta-cell acted upon by sulfonylurea drugs, this may be one of the mechanisms that bring about the decreased release of insulin.

Amyloid↗
PubMed1999

[Cardiac syndrome X and insulin resistance].

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether there is insulin resistance in patients with syndrome X. METHODS: By using oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), plasma glucose and insulin levels, and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) were measured in 11 patients with syndrome X and in 10 sex and age matched normal subjects as controls. RESULTS: The syndrome X group had a higher fasting insulin level and ISI than the control group (P < 0.05). After oral glucose, plasma insulin level and ISI in patients with syndrome X were significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: In patients with syndrome X there are hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Changes of transmembrane ion transport in essential hypertensives with familial histories].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of heredity on transmembrane ion transport in essential hypertension (EH). METHODS: 52 essential hypertensives were divided into two groups, 23 with positive family history (FH(+)) and 29 with negative family history (FH(-)). The rate constant of ouabain-sensitive sodium efflux ((o)K(os)) was measured as the half of the increase in erythrocyte Na(+) concentration during incubation with ouabain for 2 hours, (o)K(os) was calculated by an equation and the maximal rate (Vmax) of red cells Na(+)/H(+) exchange was determined as the Na(+) influx promoted by an outward H(+) gradient. Intracellular Na(+) concentration was measured with flame photometry and (45)Ca(2+) influx in ATP-depleted red cells with liquid scintillation counting. RESULTS: The red cell Na(+)/H(+) exchange and (45)Ca(2+) in-flux were significantly higher but the (o)K(os) lower in both the FH(+) and FH(-) groups than in the controls. FH(+) group demonstrated a significantly higher (o)K(os) and lower Ca(2+) influx as compared with those in FH(-) group. In FH(+) group, systolic blood pressure was positively correlated with age, while diastolic blood pressure positively correlated with (45)Ca(2+) influx. CONCLUSION: Our data show a genetic contribution to abnormal membrane transport in hypertension. There is a defect in membrane permeability to Ca(2+) and a greater exchangeable pool of cytosolic free Ca(2+) in FH(+) group that participate in the pathogenesis of inherited hypertension.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

[An experimental study on the effect of azithromycin treatment in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis of rats].

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of azithromycin treatment in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis of rats. METHODS: Animal model of bleomycin-A5-induced pulmonary fibrosis was established in rats.36 animal models were divided into two groups: a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis group and a azithromycin group in which the animal models were treated with azithromycin (80 mg/kg once a day for three continuous days in a week). The animals of the two groups were killed at the first,second and fourth week respectively. Another six rats constituted a normal control group, instillated withsaline intratracheally and killed at the first week. Pathological changes activity of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) of alveolar macrophage, cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) mRNA expression and protein levels of alveolar macrophage and lung tissue were studied or measured. RESULTS: Amelioration of alveolitis and lung fibrosis after treatment with azithromycin was shown in pathological section (P < 0.05). The activity of NF-kappaB was significantly higher in one-week pulmonary fibrosis model than that in normal control and its level in alveolar macrophage reduced (67.2%) after treatment with azithromycin. The level of protein and mRNA of TNFalpha, TGF-beta in lung tissue and alveolar macrophage was increased in the early stage of pulmonary fibrosis and reduced after treatment with azithromycin (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: It is suggested that azithromycin might be a therapeutic drug for pulmonary fibrosis in the future. Azithromycin reduced the degree of alveolitis and fibrosis through inhibition of the activity of NF-kappaB and the expression of TNFalpha, TGF-beta mRNA and lowering the level of protein in alveolar macrophage and lung tissue in the early stage of pulmonary fibrosis. This might be one of the mechanisms of azithromycin treatment in pulmonary fibrosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[The characteristics and management of shotgun wounds of the extremities].

OBJECTIVE: To discuss the characteristics, classification and the problem of management for shotgun wounds of the extremities. METHODS: 82 shotgun wounds of the extremities, classified according to the modified rule form Sherman and Ordog's, were treated by "incision and drainage" initially, and were closed in primary, delay and later phase. The fractures were fixed by plaster, external fixator, simple internal fixator or plate fixation. Vascular injury was repaired by suture end-to-end or autograft. The injured nerves were treated in the primary or later period. RESULTS: The rate of infection was the highest in the primary closed wound, and the healing time was the longest in the later closed wound. The rate of infection was much higher in the fracture fixed by plate than the others. The results of nerve recovery in primary repair were not significantly different (except 2 case infection) from those in the later repair. CONCLUSIONS: A significant difference was noted between shotgun wound and other wound. Removal of wadding, prevention of fascial compartment syndrome, repeat planned exploration of wound, proper wound closing, external fixation of fracture, vascular debridement before anastomosis and delayed nerves repair contribute to a successful outcome in patients with extremity shotgun wounds.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Biologic behavior and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer in young persons].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between the biological behavior and prognostic factors in treating gastric cancer of young persons by various surgical methods. METHODS: 89 young patients with gastric cancer aged 35 years or less were analyzed. RESULTS: The resectable rate was 73.0% (65/89), radical resectable rate 48.3% (43/89), and palliative resectable rate 24.7% (22/89). The 5-year survival rate was 24.7% (22/89) and 48.8% (21/43) for the radical group. Biological characteristics included infiltrated, diffused growth, lymph node metastasis, female predominance. CONCLUSIONS: The biological behavior of gastric cancer in young persons is poor. Early management gastric cancer and radical operation combined with complex treatment are essential.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Multiple inhibitory mechanisms of wild-type p16 gene transfer into human bladder cells by retroviral vector].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the inhibitory mechanisms of wild-type p16 gene transfer into human bladder cancer cells with or without endogenous p16 gene expression. METHODS: p16 recombinant retrovirus vector was constructed and transfected in human bladder cancer cell EJ and 253J. Northern blot analysis and immunocytochemistry were used to detect the expression of exogenous p16 gene. Flow cytometry analysis was used to detect tumor cell cycle. Electronic microscope and in situ labelling apoptotic DNA fragment detection (TUNEL) was used to detect tumor cell apoptosis after gene transfection. Tumorigenicity was observed in nude mice. RESULTS: The growth rate of the transfected EJ cells was significantly retarded, the majority of transfected EJ cells were arrested on G(0) + G(1) phases of cell cycle, tumorigenicity of the transfected cells was reduced on nude mice. H-ras gene expression in transfected EJ cells reduced as compared with non-transfection. Apoptotic cells were observed in transgenic 253J cells. CONCLUSIONS: Malignant proliferation of bladder cancer cells can be inhibited by exogenous p16 gene transfection via different molecular pathway.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Microelectrode-guided posteroventral medial pallidotomy for Parkinson's disease].

OBJECTIVE: To introduce the methods and effects of microelectrode-guided posteroventral pallidotomy (PVP) for Parkinson's disease. METHODS: 109 patients underwent PVP by microelectrode electrophysiological recording for intraoperative target localization. 45 patients underwent unilateral PVP, 21 patients simultaneous bilateral PVP, 43 patients combined thalamotomy and PVP. Modified Webster Scale was used for objective assessments before and after operation. Postoperative CT scan or MRI was performed to localise lesions. RESULTS: Microelectrode recording usually led to a final pallidotomy lesion position that deviated from the CT stereotactically defined target point. The change rate of targets was 84.7%. PVP significantly and immediately improved all Parkinsonian motor signs and reduced drug-induced motor fluctuations and dyskinesia. The mean Webster Scale was improved by (72.7 +/- 11.3)% in the "on"" state, and (89.3 +/- 8.1)% in the "off" state. No patient showed permanent complications. CONCLUSIONS: Microelectrode-guided PVP was proved to be safe and effective. Bilateral PVP and combined PVP can significantly and immediately abolish all Parkinsonian motor signs. Physiological methods of microelectrode recording can significantly improve the safety and efficacy of PVP, and decrease the rate of complication.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Primary shortening followed by bone lengthening in situ for the treatment of gunshot bone defect].

OBJECTIVE: To study the treatment of gunshot bone defect and the biological basis of primary shortening followed by callus distraction in situ. METHODS: The canine with gunshot bone defect were treated by two methods, primary shortening followed by callus distraction or delayed bone graft. The local blood flow and pathomorphological change were observed and compared with each other. RESULTS: In the experiment, the bone lengthening was stopped at the 56th day with (2.82 +/-e 0.94) cm (19.3%) gain in the group of bone lengthening, and the time of bone healing was much shorter in the group of bone lengthening than in the group of delayed graft. There was no significant difference between the groups in the time of soft tissue healing and local blood flow. CONCLUSIONS: The technique of primary bone lengthening is simple and has no side effect on tissue healing and local blood flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[A study on proliferation and differentiation of limbal stem cells].

OBJECTIVE: To study the proliferation and differentiation of limbal stem cells (LCs) in vitro and examine the effects of epithelial growth factor (EGF) on cell proliferation. METHODS: The cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 medium. The proliferation and differentiation of cultured cells were studied by colony-forming efficiency (CFE), immunohistochemistry staining and Western blot examination. RESULTS: LCs could be passaged 5 times in this culture condition. The CFE of stem cells was (5.07 +/- 2.35)%, while that of the central epithelial cells (CCs) was (1.12 +/- 0.86)%. The rates of freezing and recovery were (0.43 +/- 0.22)% in LCs and (0.16 +/- 0.07)% in CCs. Limbal stem cells could be stimulated to proliferate better by EGF at the concentration of 5 and 20 ng/ml. The staining of keratin 3 (K3) to stem cells in the primary culture was negative, but positive in the second and third passages. However, the expression of K3 by Western blot examination was positive in the primary and second passages but negative in the fourth one. CONCLUSION: It is better for limbal stem cells to be used for transplantation and drug screening in the primary culture.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Experimental studies on the effect of the immunosuppressant FK-506 on penetrating keratoplasty rejection model in rats].

OBJECTIVE: To study the immunosuppressive effects of FK-506 on allogeneic transplantation in a rat model. METHODS: Inbred strain Lou rats were used as recipients, and F344 rats were used as donors. Subconjunctival injection of FK-506 0.1 mg/kg and cyclosporine A (CsA) 3 mg/kg were administered respectively for 2 weeks, and the grafts were inspected by clinical evaluation. RESULTS: The group receiving FK-506 had a significant delay in allograft rejection with mean survival time (22.1 +/- 5.17) days vs. (18.4 +/- 1.4) days for the CsA group and (12.1 +/- 2.13) days for the control group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: It is indicated that FK-506 would be a useful drug to suppress corneal graft rejection.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Analysis of bone mineral density and relevant factors in 781 healthy people aged 15 to 50].

OBJECTIVE: To determine further the age to form peak bone mass (PBM) and the factor influencing it and bone mineral density (BMD) and to find an effective way to prevent from osteoporosis in the elderly. METHODS: BMD was measured in 781 people aged 15 to 50 years and relevant factors in lifestyle were investigated. Multivariate regression was used to analyze the relationship between BMD and lifestyles and to identify both risk and benefit factors for osteoporosis. RESULTS: For every ten-kilogram increase in body weight, BMD at varied sites increased by an amount of 0.028 - 0.056 g/cm(2) for males and 0.050 - 0.086 g/cm(2) for females, respectively. During their adolescence for males, for every increase of one grade in physical exercise, BMD at varied sites increased by an amount of 0.034 - 0.078 g/cm(2) in males and BMD at lumbar vertebra in males aged 15 - 24 correlated negatively with their total amount of alcohol drinking, and that at lumbar vertebra and of the whole body increased by about 0.035 g/cm(2) in females, which correlated negatively with their total amount of cigarette smoking. Female BMD at lumbar vertebra correlated reversely with their age of menarche and correlated positively with their average time of breast feeding. CONCLUSION: Increase in physical exercise during puberty could increase PBM for the adolescents and keeping adequate body weight and reducing cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking would benefit for the prevention from age-related osteoporosis.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1999

[Immunocyte reaction in stage III nasopharyngeal carcinoma in relation to biological findings and prognosis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between macrophages (MP), Langerhans cells (LC), T and B lymphocytes, biological behavior and prognosis of stage III nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients. METHODS: 43 cases with stage III NPC were studied by immunohistochemical SP staining methods. RESULTS: The positive expression rates of infiltrating LC and/or MP in NPC were 41%, 65% (CD68+), 46% (lysozyme+), and were related to prognosis, but not to age, sex, metastasis to cervical lymph nodes and basi-cranial destruction and/or cranial nerve damage. In addition, infiltrating T or B cells in NPC were not related to the prognosis or biological behavior. However, when both infiltrating T lymphocytes and LC and/or MP were marked, the prognosis of these cases were better than that of those cases whose infiltrating LC and/or MP were marked but T cell infiltration was scarce. CONCLUSION: The prognosis of stage III NPC is related to LC or MP, survival is especially longer in those with marked T cell infiltration.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Significance of telomerase activity detection by fine-needle aspiration in patients with breast cancer].

OBJECTIVE: To study the telomerase activity in samples of breast fine-needle-aspiration specimens and to investigate its potential clinical implications. METHODS: Ninety nine fine-needle aspiration specimens from 83 patients with breast cancers, 12 with benign lesions and 4 with breast inflammation, were studied for the presence of telomerase activity by a PCR-based telomere repeat amplification protocol (PCR-TRAP). RESULTS: Among 83 fine-needle aspiration specimens from patients with breast cancer, telomerase activity was detected in 61 of 69 cytologic-positive specimens, 5 of 7 cytologic-suspicious specimens and 4 of 7 cytologic-negative specimens. Sensitivity of telomerase activity detection was 84.3% (70/83); the coincidence rate between telomerase detection and cytologic confirmation was 77.1% (64/83). Of 12 specimens from patients with benign breast lesions, 4 were positive for telomerase activity, but 4 specimens from patients with breast inflammation were all negative. The Combined use of cytological and telomerase detection can improve the detection rates from 83.1% (69/83) to 93.9% (78/83). CONCLUSION: Detection of telomerase in breast tissue samples by fine-needle aspiration is a sensitive and specific method, which implies that it would be helpful in preoperative cytological diagnosis of breast cancer.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1999

[Effect of manganese on the brain extrapyramidal development of rat offspring].

The effect of manganese (Mn) exposure on the behavior and extrapyramidal system of offspring were studied. Pregnant rats and their offspring in the experimental group were exposed to manganese from drinking water containing 2 g/L (low Mn-exposed group) or 10 g/L (high Mn-exposed group) of MnCl2 respectively. The latent period for running from the center field to any arm of Elevated Plus Arm Maze of both low and high Mn-exposed group was significantly reduced. But the latent period for reaching the platform above the water in Morris Water Maze of the Mn-exposed group was not different from that of control group. There was a significant increase in the areas, glial fibrillary acid protein(GFAP) immunoreactivity and the average proportional densities of GFAP-positive elements in nucleus caudate and accumbens in the high Mn-exposed group, and a significant reduction in the tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity (TH) and average proportional densities of TH-positive elements in substantia nigra, ventral tegmentum area of midbrain and nucleus caudate in the high Mn-exposed group.

Animals↗