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Biomedical subjects

W Weiss

Publications and source records attributed to W Weiss.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

[Use and effectiveness of scintigraphy, sonography and angiography in circumscribed disease of the liver (author's transl)].

The effectiveness of scintigraphy, sonography and angiography is compared in a material of 140 cases of circumscribed disease of the liver. Typical clinical starting points are defined as points of reference of the diagnostic techniques. Clinical diagnosis is very safe in cases of secondary blastoma and hepatocellular carcinoma of the liver. Since the great majority of these conditions cause space-occupying lesions of the liver, problems of radiologic diagnosis are confined to the smaller number of clinically ill-defined lesions. For the diagnosis of secondary blastomas and cystic process of all kinds, scintigraphy and sonography are not improved by angiography. Solid space-occupying lesions of unknown origin, however, can only be recognized with angiography. Histology of both benign and malignant processes will be correct in more than 90% of cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

The migrating mycetoma.

A case of mycetoma is presented in which the fungus ball migrated from the apex to the base of the lung as a result of progressive parencyhmal destruction by tuberculosis. Histological and serological data suggested Aspergillus fumigatus as the cause of the mycetoma. Aspergillomas rarely coexist in cavities with active tuberculosis.

Aspergillus fumigatus↗
PubMed1977

The forced end-expiratory flow rate in chloromethyl ether workers.

Spirograms were made in 103 chemical workers, 72 of whom had been exposed for years to chloromethyl ethers to various degrees. The end-expiratory flow rate was below 60% of predicted in one-third of exposed men compared to only 3% of unexposed men. Smoking was a confounding factor. In 49 current cigarette smokers consuming less than one pack per day, the data suggested a dose-response relationship between chemical exposure and the frequency of low end-expiratory flow rate.

Bis(Chloromethyl) Ether↗
PubMed1977

[Epidemiology of primary carcinoma of the liver in Austria (author's transl)].

29 348 in patients were treated from 1945-1975 on a gastroenterological ward; 1 892 (6.47%) of these patients had cirrhosis and 183 (0.63%) carcinoma of the liver. In the groups of patients who died, resp. came to autopsy percentages were considerably higher: 17% resp. 25.6% had cirrhosis, 4.9% resp. 13% had primary carcinoma of the liver. Analysis of these data shows, that the incidence of both diseases is increasing. This seems to be due in the first line to increasing alcoholism, and only to a lesser degree, at least in Middle Europe, to viral hepatitis. Taking into account other data published in Austria concerning absolute and relative incidence of primary carcinoma of the liver it can be stated, that this malignancy ranges among the 10 most frequent tumor diseases already.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1977

Mortality of a cohort exposed to chrysotile asbestos.

A 30-year historical cohort mortality study was made of 264 men hired during 1935-45 who worked in a chrysotile asbestos products factory for one year or more and were alive January 1, 1945. Follow-up was 94% complete. The overall standardized mortality ratio (SMR) was only 0.61 while the SMR for all cancers was 0.75, for lung cancer 0.93, and for gastrointestinal cancer 1.05. Two men died of asbestosis. The overall SMR was higher for men who worked five years or more than for men who worked one to four years but the 30-year mortality rates were the same after age adjustment. For asbestos-related diseases the differences in work duration had no effect on mortality. The data show a favorable mortality experience for men exposed to chrysotile alone.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

[Gastroscopy in Austria the results of a questionnaire study (author's transl)].

By means of a questionnaire we have gathered information about gastroscopy in Austria. This inquiry has enabled us to compare the techniques used and the results obtained in the diagnosis of gastric cancer. The final aim of the investigation was to obtain guidelines for the wider application of gastroscopy for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer. The level of response by Austrian endoscopists to the inquiry was high at 72.7%. The results demonstrate a considerable increase in the use of gastroscopy in Austria over the past few years. However, some of the provinces hate fallen behind others. The available equipment is not fully used and reasons for this are discussed. A close correlation is shown to exist between the number of gastric biopsies carried out and the incidence of early gastric cancer. It is further shown that the use of cytological brushing improves the results. Only one third of endoscopists, however, use this method.

Austria↗
PubMed1976

Absorption of beta-methyl-digoxin determined after a single dose and under steady state conditions.

Single doses of beta-methyl-digoxin 0.4 mg were given to groups of 17-18 healthy volunteers as an intravenous infusion lasting 2 hours, or orally as Lanitop Liquidum or Lanitop tablets. The serum glycoside concentration and urinary glycoside excretion were measured over 8 and 32 h. The absolute bioavailability from the oral preparations in comparison with the infusion was lower for the first 8 h than for the entire 32 h of the investigation; the relative bioavailability from tablets was the same as from the solution for both periods. For both periods the area under the serum concentration/time curve and the urinary glycoside excretion were significantly lower after administration of the tablets than after intravenous infusion. Taking the average of both parameters, the absolute bioavailability of beta-methyl-digoxin was about 80% from the solution and about 70% from the tablets. In 18 patients undergoing intravenous or oral therapy with beta-methyl-digoxin steady state glycoside concentration were compared in a cross-over study of intravenous maintenance therapy with Lanitop ampoules or oral treatment with Lanitop tablets. For a standard daily dose of 0.2 mg beta-methyl-digoxin the serum concentrations were 1.35 +/- 0.10 ng/ml during both intravenous and oral administration. The intra-individual variation in glycoside concentration after changing from intravenous to oral maintenance therapy, or vice versa, was about the same as during continued intravenous or oral administration. It is concluded that the rate of rise of serum concentration after a single dose may be a useful indicator of the rate of absorption, but that the area under the serum concentration/time curve and the urinary glycoside excretion up to 32 h are unsuitable for determining equivalent doses of different formulations or routes of administration of digitalis glycosides.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1976

Retrograde oesophagoscopy via gastrostomy.

The following case-report shows that oesophagoscopy can be performed by introducing a flexible fiberscope through a gastrostomy. Conditions and indications for this unusual procedure are discussed. Applying this method of oesophagoscopy the natural form of the cardia can be observed, and the so-called cardiac lip well known to any endoscopist is shown to be an artefact.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Chloromethyl ethers, cigarettes, cough and cancer.

Beginning in 1963 a 10-year prospective study of 125 chemical workers was carried out by periodic screening for five years and follow-up for an additional five years. Eighty-eight men were exposed to chloromethyl ethers in varying cumulative doses estimates by retrospective rating. They were divided into three groups by degree of exposure. Age distribution was similar in all groups but the proportion of current heavy cigarette smokers at the start of observation decreased with increasing chemical exposure. The prevalence of chronic cough showed a dose-response relationship to both smoking and chemical exposure. The end-expiratory flow rate was below 60% of predicted in about one-third of the exposed men compared to only 6% of unexposed men and the frequency of such low rates was dose-related to cigarette smoking. During the five-year periodic screening study the prevalence of chronic cough decreased and the prevalence of dyspnea increased while chemical exposure was falling. The 10-year incidence of lung cancer was dose-related to chemical exposure but inversely related to smoking habits. All cancers were small-cell carcinomas, occurred in men younger than 55, and had an induction-latent period of 10 to 24 years. The 10-year mortality rate in this group of workers was 2.7 times expected and lung cancer accounted for the excess number of deaths.

Bis(Chloromethyl) Ether↗