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Biomedical subjects

W Weiss

Publications and source records attributed to W Weiss.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Early diagnosis of colorectal cancer in the aged (author's transl)].

Carcinoma of the large bowel is one of the most common cancers in developed countries. Mortality-data in Austria (1975) indicate, that 87% of patients with colorectal cancer were over 60 years of age and 61,1% over 70 years of age. Some 80% of colorectal cancers and 50% of colonic adenomas give rise to occult bleeding and can be detected by means of a modified guaiac test. (Hemoccult). Establishment of strategies for insuring high compliance of participation in colon-cancer screening programs in the aged is therefore the most important goal for the future. Colonoscopy is emphasized as diagnostic tool of choice in asymptomatic patients at high risk or a positive hemoccult-test and in symptomatic patients. Air contrast barium enema should be used as complementary investigation. Digital palpation of the rectum as single examination in screening for large bowel cancer is insufficient and dangerous.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

[Responsibility of the radiologist in gastric studies].

The radiologist's responsibility for the investigation of the stomach. The most successful results in the gastro-intestinal examination is obtained by combination of ray-examination (double contrast method) with gastroendoscopy and biopsy. It is of main importance, that the X-ray examination is performed at the beginning of all diagnostic step. The radiologist is obliged to use the best examination method. Therefore an economic standardized process of diagnosis is recommended which can take place also at the radiologist's consulting room. The high accuracy which can be reached by the recommended proceeding justifies the little additional expenditure of time and material.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1979

Prognosis after resection of metachronous multiple bronchogenic carcinoma.

Information on 55 cases of multiple metachronous lung cancer in which both tumors were resected was collected from published reports for comparison with a series of 214 single cancer cases treated by lobectomy in Philadelphia teaching hospitals. The two groups were similar with respect to age, extent of resection, and histologic type of cancer (the second lesion in the multiple cancer group). The life table method was used to assess survival in the multiple cancer group for 4 years after the second resection. Survival in the two groups was similar in the first 2 years, but at the end of the third and fourth years the survival rate for the multiple cancer group was only half that of the single cancer group. These differences were statistically significant. Prognosis 4 years after resection of a second metachronous bronchogenic carcinoma is poor.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1979

Lung cancer in chloromethyl ether workers.

During the period from 1948 to 71, some workers in a chemical plant were exposed to chloromethyl ethers in varying degrees and for varying durations. A historical cohort study of 1,446 male production employees from 1960 through 1975 showed both an increased risk of lung cancer as compared to that in the general population among 465 exposed workers and a dose-response relationship. Significantly increased risk occurred only among men with moderate and heavy chemical exposure. Smoking habit could account for some of the cases of lung cancer that developed in men with light chemical exposure and for cases among unexposed workers. Microscopic sections of most of the lung cancers were reviewed, and the results suggested that small-cell carcinoma was a specific response to inhalation of chloromethyl ethers.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Changing incidence of thyroid cancer.

The incidence of thyroid cancer was examined temporally and geographically by age and sex from data provided by tumor registries in the United States and abroad. The temporal trends in Connecticut showed an increase in annual incidence after 1945, with an especially sudden increase in incidence in females. The increase occurred predominantly in older males and younger females. The increase in young females was confirmed by cohort analysis. The rates rose with age in both sexes, but recently females have developed a secondary peak in the fourth decade of life. The same phenomenon was observed in other U.S. data but not as clearly in data from ten foreign registries. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that X-radiation therapy for benign conditions of the head and neck in childhood was a factor in the increased incidence of thyroid cancer in U.S. females, but some other etiologic or modifying factor should be sought to explain the increased incidence in U.S. males.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and treatment of the "postgastrectomy-syndrome" (author's transl)].

The incidence rate of complications in patients, who underwent stomach resection as surgical treatment procedure is rather high (20%). Postprandial syndromes (dumping syndrome, lactose-intolerance, afferent loop-syndrome), malabsorption syndromes (anemia, osteopathia, steatorrhea, protein deficiency) and late organic manifestations (anastomotic and suture ulcers, retrograde intussusception, gastric-stump carcinoma) were usually summarized as "postgastrectomy syndrome". A review of pathogenesis, symptoms and therapeutic approach for the various postoperative disorders is given. Selective proximal vagotomy as the surgical treatment procedure of choice is emphasized.

Afferent Loop Syndrome↗
PubMed1979

[Angiographic findings in hemangiopericytoma of the urinary bladder (author's transl)].

Case report of a 31 years old white female presenting with a large filling defect in the urinary bladder occupying one half of its lumen. Selective arteriography demonstrated an intramural highly vascular mass, which histologically proved to be a hemangiopericytoma. Angiography in the lateral projection in addition to the frontal projection was necessary to establish the exact location of the mass and thus permit a reasonable differential diagnosis; and angiography also facilitated surgery, of course.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Diagnosis experiences in 188 patients with primary liver cancer].

In Austria primary carcinoma of the liver (plc) is no rare malignancy. From 1973 and 1979, in our department, 188 patients with plc had been registered. By separate evaluation of the results of alpha-1-fetoprotein (AFP)-determination and 67-gallium-liverscintigraphy, a diagnostic accuracy of 81.6%, resp. 78. % could be demonstrated. By combination of both methods, a correct diagnosis of plc was obtained in 95%. Based on the promising results of lobectomies performed in patients with plc, therapeutic nihilism is not longer justifiable.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1978

[Clinical relevance of serum alpha-1-fetoprotein determinations].

History, physiological and pathological properties and clinical significance of alpha-1-fetoprotein (AFP) are reviewed in detail. Present observations suggest that additional information can be expected from AFP-determination as an index for prognosis and response to chemotherapy in patients with AFP-producing tumors. Prenatal diagnosis of fetal distress-syndrome, screening for primary carcinoma of the liver (PLC) and malignant germ cell-tumors containing yolk sac-tissue, and postoperative controls of therapeutic efficiency are mentioned as main indications for an AFP-test. Especially encouraging are the results of a 4-year prospective study, in which 108 patients with PLC have been found among 4000 patients with hepatobiliar diseases. Diagnostic efficiency of AFP, 67-gallium-scanning and celiacography is demonstrated in 80 patients with autopically verified PLC. Overall diagnostic value with a combination of AFP and 67-Gacitrate was 93.8%. Further studies have been carried out, analyzing the histological findings in 8 patients with and 8 patients without AFP-producing hepatocellular carcinomas. A comparison of diagnostic efficiency of three AFP-test-methods with different sensitivity-limits has been done.

Amniotic Fluid↗
PubMed1978

[Efficacy of diagnostic measures in colonic carcinoma].

It has been tried to ascertain the comparative value of the different diagnostic measures with regard to colorectal cancer. On the basis of the results achieved, the addition of the Hämoccult test (if this has not yet been done), of the rectoscopy and of endoscopic polypectomy to the programme of preventive medicine is indicated. Also measures for an early diagnosis of the post-operative recurrence of tumors are advisable.

Colon↗