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Biomedical subjects

W Weidner

Publications and source records attributed to W Weidner.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1967

Aortography in the diagnosis of cancer.

The role of angiography in the diagnosis of cancer includes the direct visualization of the tumor, the demonstration of its size, extent and possible metastasis. The criteria which are used to judge the prognosis of a tumor include the size, angiographic appearance, relationship to adjacent organs and tissues, growth or extension into draining veins and the presence or absence of metastasis. Chemotherapeutic agents can be instilled through the same catheters that are used for angiography and these catheters may be left in place from five to eight days.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chlamydial antibodies in semen: search for "silent" chlamydial infections in asymptomatic andrological patients.

The importance of a serological diagnostic workup in male genitourinary infections with Chlamydia trachomatis and its relevance for male infertility is still under debate. In a prospective study, antichlamydial serum and seminal plasma antibodies of 131 consecutive patients (mean age 31: 20-57) without evidence of acute urethritis and with negative urethral chlamydial culture were investigated. The antibody determination was carried out with a genus specific rELISA. In patients with positive seminal plasma IgA, chlamydial genome was evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results were associated with standard semen parameters according to evaluated WHO guidelines. Specific serum IgG antibodies were found in 51 patients (38.9%), IgA in 39 (29.7%); both antibodies were present in 25 patients (19%). Seminal plasma IgG was demonstrable in seven patients (5.3%), IgA in 26 (19.9%), and five patients were positive for both antibody classes (3.8%). Of the 26 men positive for specific seminal plasma IgA antibodies 12 did not demonstrate a serum antibody reaction. Only two patients with positive IgA titers in their seminal plasma showed a positive chlamydial genome reaction in PCR (8%). Men with antichlamydial seminal plasma IgA and/or IgG did not differ significantly in any of the standard semen sperm parameters from men testing negative for antibodies, with the exception of peroxidase positive leukocytes (p < 0.01), nor was there an association between any of the ejaculate parameters and any of the antibody titers. The data of about 40% antichlamydial serum antibody findings without a significant association with seminal plasma antibodies and no clinical signs of infection seem to reflect a history of urogenital infection. The unique presence of seminal plasma IgA in 12 of 26 cases may be caused by a local antibody response due to a "silent" infection. Thus, seminal plasma IgA was associated with signs of inflammation, whereas, there was no association with genome or pathogen demonstration. Therefore, it appears to be necessary to reevaluate genus-specific seminal plasma IgA antibodies with a species-specific microimmunofluorescence test and to compare these results with a genome screening using PCR or in situ hybridization.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tissue penetration of sparfloxacin in a rat model of experimental Escherichia coli epididymitis.

The epididymal, testicular, and prostatic tissue penetration of sparfloxacin, a new quinolone, was assessed in a rat model of acute epididymitis. Seventy-two hours after injection of 0.1 ml (10(6) cfu/ml) of an Escherichia coli suspension into the right epididymis via the right ductus deferens, a single oral dose of sparfloxacin 50 mg/kg body weight was administered. One, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after administration the animals were sacrificed and the sparfloxacin concentrations and "areas under the curve" (AUC0-24) in both epididymides, both testes, the prostate gland and in the serum were measured by bioassay. The highest mean AUC0-24 was found in the prostate gland, followed by left epididymis, right epididymis, serum, right testis, and left testis (190, 79, 60, 28, 12, and 9 mg/kg x h, respectively). Though there was no statistically significant difference in the sparfloxacin concentration of both epididymides (p = 0.09), the mean AUC0-24 was significantly higher in the non-infected left epididymis (p < 0.0001). The AUC0-24 and sparfloxacin concentrations of the right infected epididymis were significantly higher than those observed in the serum (p < 0.0001). In both testes, the AUC0-24 and sparfloxacin concentrations were lower than in the serum (p < 0.0001), however, the concentration exceeded the MIC tenfold for approximately 20 h. It is concluded that the pharmacokinetic properties of sparfloxacin (good in vitro activity, high penetration into the prostate gland, testes, infected and non-infected epididymides) make this drug a recommendable choice for the initial treatment of acute epididymitis caused by E. coli.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relevance of male accessory gland infection for subsequent fertility with special focus on prostatitis.

Infections of the male genitourinary tract may contribute to infertility to a various extent depending on the site of inflammation. Especially in prostatitis, the exact classification of the infection contributes to its impact on changes in the ejaculate. Similarly, in urethritis, epididymitis and orchitis, only a clear clinical diagnosis allows a rational approach to altered sperm parameters. Several inflammatory and reactive alterations of sperm quality seem to be proven; nevertheless, the impact of these findings on male fertility remains in many cases unclear. Even therapeutic trials do not provide more insights into the association of male genital infections and impaired fertility, although the efficacy of antibiotic trials seems to be proven. For the future, it may be decisive to evaluate inflammatory changes in the ejaculate not only on the basis of standard but also on functional parameters, thus providing new definitions of the interactions between male urogenital tract infection and disturbances of male fertility.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Percoll density gradient centrifugation and consecutive flow cytometry do not identify leukocytes and leukocyte subtypes in ejaculate specimens.

This paper describes an attempt to establish a new combined method of leukocyte analysis in human ejaculate by Percoll density gradient centrifugation and consecutive flow cytometry. As a first step, leukocyte separation was performed by Percoll density gradient centrifugation with consecutive enrichment of leukocytes, especially granulocytes, in the 40%/60% and 60%/80% Percoll interfaces. Then these fractions were stained with specific monoclonal antibodies and analysed in a Facscan flow cytometer. Flow cytometric analysis did not demonstrate identifiable leukocyte populations, indicating a questionable cross-reaction with spermatozoal elements. Therefore, the combined technique of Percoll density gradient centrifugation and flow cytometric analysis were considered unsuitable for clinical leukocyte determination.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Difference in DNA index of seminomas and non-seminomas.

Flow cytometric examinations were performed consecutively on fresh tumor tissue of 90 patients with testicular germ cell tumours. Measured parameters were the DNA index, the stem-cell shoulder fraction (SSF) as an expression of mitotic activity, and the incidence of tumour population above 5c (5c-exceeding events). The results were correlated with the type of tumour, as determined histologically, the local and clinical stage of the tumour, and clinical outcome. In 94.5% of the cases, flow cytometry detected malignant testicular tumour tissue. The median DNA index in the 53 nonseminoma patients was 1.53, in the 37 seminoma patients, 1.82 (P < 0.01). Four out of 42 patients with nonseminomas had progressive disease. These few patients were more likely to have an increase in the S-phase fraction or a positive 5c-ee index than patients without progressive disease. In 24 patients with nonseminoma, it was also possible to examine lymph node tissue. Lymph node metastases were detected in 92.8% of these cases through aneuploidy: the median DNA index was 1.57, which corresponded to that of the primary tumours. This study confirmed the value of flow cytometry for rapid, automatic diagnosis of malignancy in testicular tumours. The method could aid in discriminating between seminomas and nonseminomas.

DNA, Neoplasm↗