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Biomedical subjects

W Weber

Publications and source records attributed to W Weber.

At least 415 records · Page 23Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

5-Fluorouracil: a comparative pharmacokinetic study and preliminary results of a clinical phase I study.

Until now it was unknown, whether 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) would be absorbed sufficiently after oral application, so that therapeutical effects could be expected. For this reason a comparative pharmacokinetic study of intravenous versus oral application was performed on six patients, as well as a pilot study on 13 patients with adenocarcinomas of different origins. The results show that 5-FU is absorbed rapidly. The biological availability increases with higher dose, which would indicate a saturation of the "first pass" in the liver. The clinical study shows partial remission in seven patients, with hepatoma and tolerable signs of bone marrow depression, decrease of hemoglobin, leukocytes and platelets after oral application of 5-FU in doses of 1,000-1,250 mg on days 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, and 12. 5-FU can therefore be given successfully at an adequate dose by the oral route.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1981

Polyamines, hydrolases, (PAP, LAP, SDH, plasmin) TSH, T3, T4 and C-peptide in benign hyperplasia of the prostate.

High concentrations of polyamines have been found in the normal human prostate. The profile of these amines appeared significantly changed in benign hypertrophy of the prostate. An increase of spermine and a fall of putrescine were always found in patients with a hypertrophied prostate weighing more than 30 g. Alterations of plasmin in these tissues seemed to reflect changes in the matrix; abnormalities of thyroid and pancreatic function documented by changes in the serum levels of TSH and c-peptide which are thought to be further evidence of a mesenchymal-epithelial interaction in the pathogenesis of benign prostate hypertrophy.

C-Peptide↗
PubMed1981

Splintless microsurgical anastomosis of the ureter in the dog.

In an experimental study in dogs, four different techniques of microsurgical anastomosis using Vicryl 8-0, have been compared: 1. Interrupted submucosal sutures; 2. Continuous submucosal sutures; 3. Full thickness interrupted sutures; 4. Full thickness continuous sutures. Intravenous urography and electron microscopic studies three months post operatively showed that ureteric stricture had occurred in only 2 cases out of 24. Microsurgical techniques are recommended for ureteric anastomoses.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Gc revisited: six further Gc-phenotypes delineated by isoelectric focusing and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Six newly observed Gc variants are described. The variants Gc 1A10, 1A11, 1A12, 1A13, and 1C11 have double band patterns. The anodal bands of these variants are susceptible to neuraminidase treatment. Gc 2A7 is a single band variant which is not altered by neuraminidase incubation. Polyacrylamide gel isoelectrofocusing with immunofixation and polyarcylamide gel electrophoresis appear to be efficient methods for the analysis of the Gc system.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1981

[Brain injuries in childhood. A follow-up study of 600 cases (author's transl)].

A follow-up study of nearly 600 children who had sustained a brain injury of various degree signifies that the prognosis is not as good as is generally assumed. Whereas the initial neurological and psycho-reactive changes may regress in most cases, neurovegetative and psycho-organic disturbances remain frequently. The most prominent finding, however, is the reduced capacity for school-work leading to frequent changes of class and to a reduced expectancy for later profession. The knowledge of these sequelae underlines the urgent need to reinforce all measures to prevent brain injuries in childhood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Chemotherapy of advanced stomach cancer].

Medical treatment of advanced carcinoma of the stomach in the past proved almost fruitless. Recent experience with cytotoxic drugs such as 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, mitomycin C and nitrosoureas have begun to show evidence of definitive antineoplastic activity. Intensified efforts of studying new drugs and combinations are fully justified.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1981

Quantitative enzymatic histophotometry of morphologic alterations caused by urologically relevant tubular kidney damages using computed image analysis device technique.

The tissue concentration of tubular marker enzymes were evaluated in sections of kidneys from 86 patients with various underlying diseases such as hydronephrosis, interstitial nephropathies, ischemia due to renal arterial stenosis and chronic allograft rejection. In addition, as an experimental model, kidney tissue sections of 166 Wistar rats were analyzed due to hydronephrosis caused by ureteral obstruction, ischemia and obstruction of the renal vein. The tissue concentration of indicator enzymes, such as alkaline phosphatase (AP) and alanine-aminopeptidase (AAP), was considered as a parameter describing the extent of kidney tubule damage. Quantitative evaluation of enzymatic activity was performed by histophotometry using a computed image analysis device technique. As compared to normal human kidney (enzyme activity 100%), the concentrations of brush border enzymes were significantly (p less than 0.001) lower under pathological conditions (AP less than 15%, AAP less than 55%). In similar manner investigations of kidneys in animal experiments with rats exhibited lower enzyme concentrations following kidney injury caused by ureteral obstruction for 10 and 21 days (AP less than 12%, AAP less than 65%; 2p less than 0.01). Kidneys after an ischemic period of 2 h and a subsequent 14-day recirculation period displayed a significant (2p less than 0.01) decrease of normally present indicator enzyme concentrations (AP less than 22%, AAP less than 77%) as compared to normal renal organs (100%). Computed image analysis of kidney tissue sections might be a useful aid in evaluating morphologic and enzymatic patterns of human and animal kidney alterations.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia. Abnormal binding of mutant apoprotein E to low density lipoprotein receptors of human fibroblasts and membranes from liver and adrenal of rats, rabbits, and cows.

Patients with familial dysbetalipoproteinemia (F. Dys.), also called familial type 3 hyperlipoproteinemia, are homozygous for a mutant allele, Ed, that specifies an abnormal form of apoprotein (apo) E, a prominent constituent of remnant lipoproteins derived from very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) and chylomicrons. Apo E is thought to mediate the removal of remnant lipoproteins from the plasma by virtue of its ability to bind to hepatic lipoprotein receptors. In F. Dys. patients, remnant-like lipoproteins accumulate, apparently because of delayed clearance by the liver. In the current studies, we show that the abnormal protein specified by the Ed allele (apo E-D) from some, but not all, patients with F. Dys. has a markedly deficient ability to bind to low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors. Apo E was isolated from eight control subjects and nine patients with F. Dys. and incorporated into phospholipid complexes. The complexes were tested for their ability to compete with human 125I-LDL or rabbit 125I-beta-VLDL fo binding to LDL receptors in four assay systems: cultured human fibroblasts, solubilized receptors from bovine adrenal cortex, liver membranes from rats treated with 17 alpha-ethinyl estradiol, and liver membranes from normal rabbits. The apo E-D from six of the nine patients with F. Dys. showed binding affinities for LDL receptors that were reduced by greater than 98% in all receptor assays (group 1 patients). All of these group 1 patients were unequivocally of phenotype apo E-D/D by the criterion of isoelectric focussing. The apo E from the three other F. Dys. patients showed a near normal binding ability in all four of the receptor assays (group 2 patients). One of these group 2 patients appeared to have the apo E-D/D phenotype by isoelectric focussing. In the other two patients in group 2, apo E-D was the predominant protein (phenotype, apo E-D/D), but traces of protein in the region corresponding to normal apo E (apo E-N) were also present. The difference between group 1 and group 2 patients was also apparent when the apo E was iodinated and tested directly for binding to liver membranes from rats treated with 17 alpha-ethinyl estradiol. The 125I-labeled apo E from a group 2 patient, but not a group 1 patient, showed enhanced uptake when perfused through the liver of an estradiol-treated rate, indicating that the receptor binding ability of apo E correlated with uptake in the intact liver. The current studies allow the subdivision of patients with F. Dys. into two groups. In group 1, the elevated plasma level of remnants appears to be due to a diminished receptor binding activity of the abnormal protein specified by the Ed allele; in group 2 patients, the cause of the elevated plasma level of remnants remains to be explained.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1981

Quantitative enzymatic, immunologic and histochemical studies of clinically relevant human kidney alterations using image analysis.

Tissue sections of kidneys from 172 patients with various pathologic conditions, such as hydronephrosis, interstitial nephropathies, ischemia, chronic graft rejection and renal cancer, were evaluated by an image analysis technique. Structurally defined kidney alterations were monitored for enzymatic, immunologic and other histochemical changes. Indicator enzymes of the proximal tubule, alanine-aminopeptidase (AAP), alkaline phosphatase (AP), beta-glucoronidase (beta-Gl) and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (GGTP), were used as parameters for screening. Enzyme concentrations were found to be significantly decreased in kidney sections of patients with various renal diseases (AP less than 15%, AAP less than 55% and beta-Gl less than 60%) as compared to normal kidney tissues (100%). AAP concentration was measured quantitatively by specific immunofluorescence using an antienzyme antibody. Immunofluorescence of AAP was comparable to that of AAP calculated by the colorimetric technique (substrate: DL-alanine-beta-naphthylamide-HCl) and decreased to less than 50% in altered kidney tissues. Furthermore, kidney cancer (less than 20%) and kidney tissue adjacent to tumours (less than 65%) displayed significantly decreased levels of kidney marker enzyme activity. This study suggests that (1) the diseased kidney is characterized by a defined change in key enzymes of the cell surface and (2) renal cancer exhibits partial depletion of these constituents. Image analysis of the pattern of enzyme activity appears to be a useful tool in the analysis of renal pathology.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

[Influence of muscle contraction on wound measurements after defined dynamic stabbing tests (author's transl)].

The following questions were considered: Are the results of dynamic stabbing tests (experimentally taken from corpses) acceptable for forensic purposes? What about the influence of muscle contraction and wound measurements after defined violence? It could be demonstrated that in dynamic stabbing tests rigor mortis in muscle is equivalent to an extreme muscle contraction. It was easier to perforate a limb with stretched muscles than with relaxed ones. Very seldom people are wounded having stretched their muscles extremely. Therefore, quantitative results of dynamic stabbing tests in corpses represent the minimum of reconstructed stabbing dynamics in vivo.

Forensic Medicine↗
PubMed1981

[Grazing gun shot wounds (author's transl)].

The ballistics of graze shots without bullet contact were investigated. Shots from several heights and distances were performed on stretched elastic bandages nearly tangentially. With shots from short distances there were soot stripes transverse to the shot direction within the picture of partially and uncombusted powder residues upon the elastic bandages, not yet described in the literature. The phenomenon of getting reproducible stripes within the graze shot effects were studied by photos taken by a high speed camera (nearly 4,000 and 7,000 pictures/s). Just when the shot broke off, stationary waves were inflicted within the elastic surface by the shot streams. The white stripes within the graze shot effects were in the shot stream shadow when the hot powder gas and uncombusted residues went over the elastic bandages. The physical and theoretical aspects were explained and concrete case was demonstrated. The investigation of graze shot effects is a new possibility to determine short shot distances.

Forensic Medicine↗
PubMed1980

Two siblings with acute T-cell lymphocytic leukemia.

The only two children of clinically healthy parents both developed an acute lymphocytic leukemia of the T-cell type, one with a mediastinal mass, one without. Extensive laboratory studies revealed a combination of the following unusual circumstances. (1) The injection of leukemic bone marrow into BALB/c-nu/nu mice led to an explosive simultaneous development of disseminated lymphomatous tumors with murine karyotype. (2) HLA typing and MLC testing of all four family members revealed sharing of HLA-A,D and DRw determinants between the parents and pointed to the appearance of suppressor cell activity with the outbreak of the acute leukemia of one sibling. (3) Parental lymphocytes gave a low response to mitogen stimulation, suggesting a subclinical cellular immune defect. It is proposed that the siblings inherited from each parent a defective immune response factor, possibly related to HLA-D/DRw antigens, that predisposed to acute T-cell leukemia. The neoplastic process might have been triggered by a transferable agent.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Ultrastructural observations on changes in cell shape in chromatophores of the sea urchin Centrostephanus longispinus.

Alterations in cell shape of the light-sensitive chromatophores of the sea urchin Centrostephanus longispinus were studied by scanning- and transmission electron microscopy. Transition of the aggregated to the dispersed state is accompanied by incorporation of vesicles into the membrane of the pigment cell. During disperson a system of microtubules originating from centriole-like structures is established throughout the stellate cell. Within restricted areas of the cell, cytoplasmic differentiation and condensation is found. The possible functional significance of the findings is briefly discussed.

Animals↗