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Biomedical subjects

W Sterry

Publications and source records attributed to W Sterry.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Characterization of activity of alkaline phosphatase (AAP) in capillary endothelium of normal and psoriatic skin.

The activity of alkaline phosphatase (AAP) in papillary capillaries of normal and psoriatic skin was characterized by enzyme inhibition studies. Quantitatively, there were pronounced differences between normal and psoriatic skin, i.e., increase of AAP, as determined by a grading system, and assimilation of the strength of AAP in venous and arterial side of the capillary loop in psoriasis. Qualitatively, the inhibition studies with different actin inhibitors revealed no difference between AAP in normal and psoriatic skin or between initial, fully developed and healed psoriatic lesions as well as noninvolved skin of psoriatics. Thus, the physiologic AAP seems to be stimulated in psoriasis. Generally, AAP of dermal capillaries is highly sensitive to cysteine inhibition.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1980

In situ identification and enumeration of T lymphocytes in cutaneous T-cell lymphomas by demonstration of granular activity of acid non-specific esterase.

Activity of acid non-specific esterase (ANAE) in infiltrating lymphocytes in nine patients with mycosis fungoides and four patients with parapsoriasis en plaques was examined in frozen tissue sections. Within the dermal infiltrate 81.7 +/- 6.1% of all lymphocytes contain this enzyme in mycosis fungoides, 74.7 +/- 3.3% in parapsoriasis en plaques. These results correlate well with the percentage of T lymphocytes determined by immunological techniques. Mycosis fungoides may be regarded as an ANAE-positive cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Because of its simplicity this technique may be of value in further investigations of mycosis fungoides.

Cytoplasmic Granules↗
PubMed1980

[Alopecia in thyroid diseases: characteristic trichograms].

Trichograms from the parietal and occipital area were evaluated in 34 patients with thyroid diseases, which complained about hair loss. The followings findings can be regarded as characteristic for alopecia in thyroid diseases, being not related to the functional state of the thyroid gland: increase of dysplastic hairs over 50%, increase of broken hairs over 15% and strenghthening of these findings in the occipital area. Alopecia in thyroid diseases is not caused by changes within the hair cycle but probably by impaired hair quality.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Elevated colchicine sensitivity of dermal lymphocytes in mycosis fungoides.

Lymphocytes in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and in other malignant lymphomas exhibit an extreme sensitivity to colchicine and are cytolysed in vitro by 10(-6) M colchicine. This characteristic can be quantified with the colchicine sensitivity index which is used for diagnostic purposes. We have demonstrated that lymphocytes liberated from skin infiltrates in mycosis fungoides (6 patients) show an elevated colchicine sensitivity of 44 (p < 0.01); in contrast, the index of lymphocytes isolated from dermal infiltrates of reactive inflammatory dermatoses (9 patients) is low, being only 23. Determination of the colchicine sensitivity index can be helpful in the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Acid nonspecific esterase in human Langerhans cells.

Epidermal dendritic cells showing a diffuse activity of acid nonspecific esterase were observed in three cases of mycosis fungoides stage I. As these cells by their appearance and localization resemble Langerhans cells, and dermal histiocytes and macrophages react in the same manner, this is another enzyme cytochemical suggestion of a relationship between Langerhans cells and the monocyte-macrophage-system.

Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases↗
PubMed1979

[Kaposi's sarcoma and aplastic pancytopenia: simultaneous occurrence in a patient].

A 49 year old patient developed simultaneously a histologically verified Kaposi's sarcoma and an idiopathic aplastic pancytopenia. An association of these perhaps virus-induced diseases has not been reported until now. Consequences concerning the diagnostic approach of changes in peripheral blood cells in patients with Kaposi's sarcoma are delineated. Changes in peripheral blood and bone marrow in patients with Kaposi's sarcoma are discussed.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1978

[Retinoid PUVA (RePUVA): systemic combination therapy in psoriasis].

RePUVA is a new therapeutic approach in psoriasis, consisting in oral administration of a retinoid derivative and systemic PUVA treatment. The retinoid (Ro 10-9359) was given daily (50--75 mg) before, simultaneously and, before and simultaneously with PUVA. The overall response was 73%; however, 14 patients resistant to previous standard PUVA treatment also responded surprisingly well to RePUVA. If PUVA-resistent patients were excluded, the overall response was 82.6%. The mean number of treatments required for clearing was 19.4 +/- 6.1, the mean total UVA-dose 57.9 +/- 32.3 J/cm2 and the mean duration of treatment was 55.4 +/- 14.1 days, including pretreatment with retinoid. It seems that RePUVA may be most successful if the retinoid is given before and with PUVA: 33.7 +/- 8.7 J/cm2 in 17.0 +/- 4.7 sessions were then required for clearing. Compared with previous results of our group and recent publications these findings indicate that the RePUVA schedule may reduce the duration of treatment and the total UVA-dose and, therefore, the possible long-term hazards of PUVA management. In addition, RePUVA can be successfully applied in patients resistant to standard PUVA.

Coumarins↗
PubMed1978

[Sterile eosinophilic pustulosis (author's transl)].

'Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis", first described by Ofuji and co-workers in 1970, is obviously a new entity, not only confined to Japan. Recently, there was a case reported from Sweden; we present here the first observation in the FRG. The disease is characterized by eruptions of aggregated pustules, containing numerous eosinophils, and by blood eosinophilia. In our patient the disease first appeared on the scalp, leading to scarring alopecia. Since in our and in some other patients the lesions were not limited to the follicles, we feel that the term 'sterile eosinophilic pustulosis" is more appropriate to reflect the clinical picture. For differential diagnosis Morbus Duhring and M. Sneddon-Wilkinson have to be considered. "Sterile eosinophilic pustulosis" differs from these mainly because of the eosinophilic infiltrations deep in the dermis. Immunofluorescence tests are negative. Treatment with DADPS may be helpful.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Sugar is not an aggravating factor in atopic dermatitis.

Patients with atopic dermatitis frequently blame food for worsening their eczema. Recently, a sugar-free diet has become very popular among German patients. In order to investigate whether sucrose is an aggravating factor in atopic dermatitis, we conducted a prospective study in 30 patients. Double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenges with sugar were performed during a sugar-free diet period, which was started one week prior to the first challenge. Study parameters included the SCORAD index and eosinophilic cationic protein levels, which were determined before diet, on food challenges and one day after. In 29 evaluable patients we observed no significant difference in study parameters after the verum challenge compared to the placebo challenge. From these results, we conclude that sugar is not an aggravating factor in atopic dermatitis, which contradicts the view of many patients and underlines the importance of evidence-based medicine in the guidance of patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Mycetoma due to Exophiala jeanselmei and Mycobacterium chelonae in a 73-year-old man with idiopathic CD4+ T lymphocytopenia.

Exophiala jeanselmei and Mycobacterium chelonae were isolated from cutaneous nodules in a 73-year-old man with mycetoma of the right lower leg. Further evaluation revealed CD4+ lymphocytopenia without evidence of HIV infection. Antibodies to HIV 1/2, p24 antigen and HIV 1/2 (PCR) and reverse transcriptase activity were not detectable. The patient was not a member of any HIV risk group. He had not previously undergone therapy or suffered from immunodeficiency. This case clearly demonstrates that infections with opportunistic moulds and/or atypical mycobacteria should be taken into consideration not only in patients with classical immundeficiency diseases but also in apparently healthy patients because infection with these agents can be the first sign of underlying immunodeficiency.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synergy effects between organic and inorganic UV filters in sunscreens.

The influence of the synergy effects between organic and inorganic UV filter substances on the sun protection factor (SPF) of topically applied sunscreen formulations is investigated. The medium is considered to have reflection, absorption, and scattering properties. The distribution of photons in this medium is investigated by Monte Carlo calculation. Typical optical parameters of the skin and substances are used to characterize the synergy effect. The results of the model calculation are checked by in vitro and in vivo measurements investigating the influence of different types of scattering microparticles on the absorption efficacy of topically applied formulations. It is found that the inorganic filter substances act as scattering microparticles in the upper skin layers. They increase the optical pathway of the photons in the topically applied absorbing formulation also localized there. In this way, more photons are absorbed, increasing the SPF. The results obtained are important for the optimization of the SPF of sunscreen formulation containing organic and inorganic UV-filter components.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Penetration studies of topically applied substances: Optical determination of the amount of stratum corneum removed by tape stripping.

Tape stripping is a standard measuring method for the investigation of the dermatopharmacokinetics of topically applied substances using adhesive films. These tape strips are successively applied and removed from the skin after application and penetration of topically applied substances. Thus, layers of corneocytes and some amount of topical applied substances are removed. The amount of substances and the amount of stratum corneum removed with a single tape strip has to be determined for the calculation of the penetration profile. The topically applied substances removed from the skin can be determined by classical analytical methods like high-pressure liquid chromatography, mass spectroscopy, and spectroscopic measurements. The amount of corneocytes on the tape strips can be easily detected by their pseudoabsorption. In the present paper, an easy and cheap corneocyte density analyzer is presented that is based on a slide projector. Comparing the results of the measurements obtained by the corneocyte density analyzer and by uv-visible spectrometry, identical results were obtained.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Determination of the horny layer profile by tape stripping in combination with optical spectroscopy in the visible range as a prerequisite to quantify percutaneous absorption.

A new method was developed to determine the horny layer profile of volunteers using tape stripping in combination with UV/visible spectroscopy. The optical absorbance and the weight of corneocyte aggregates were compared as parameters for the determination of the mass of the horny layer particles fixed to the individual tapes. It was shown that the potential disturbances influencing both parameters must be considered critically before calculating the correlation factor, found as R2mean = 0.93 +/- 0.05. It was proven that the absorbance in the visible range is better suited than the weight to quantify the amount of corneocyte aggregates removed by a single strip. The new method allows an exact anatomical localization of the individual tapes and all data obtained within the depth profile of the stratum corneum. This was exemplified by the determination of the penetration of chemical and physical UV filters into the horny layer.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bioavailability of clobetasol propionate-quantification of drug concentrations in the stratum corneum by dermatopharmacokinetics using tape stripping.

The concentration of clobetasol propionate in the stratum corneum after application of three different formulations was determined, quantifying the influence of the formulations on the bioavailability of the drug. The stratum corneum was sampled by tape stripping. The concentrations of clobetasol propionate were determined quantitatively by HPLC. After application of Clobetasol Propionate Cream USP, 0.05%, and Temovate Cream, 0.05%, identical amounts of the drug were found in the stratum corneum, whereas after application of Temovate epsilon Emollient, 0.05%, the quantity was clearly decreased. From results obtained measuring the drug concentration in the adjacent sites of the skin where the creams had not been applied, it became clear that clobetasol propionate in Temovate epsilon Emollient, migrated to a large extent in the lateral direction. This explains the lower concentration measured for this formulation in the skin areas where the cream had been applied. In general, a lateral distribution of the applied drug must be taken into account when positioning the application areas on the forearm.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Investigation of the stability of coated titanium microparticles used in sunscreens.

Due to its UV-light-absorbing properties, titanium dioxide is used in many sunscreen products. However, concern has been raised about a possible photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide on living tissues. To reduce potential adverse effects, titanium dioxide used in cosmetic preparations is often coated. The coating should be stable under conditions of use. In order to verify the coating stability, sunscreen-grade-coated titanium microparticles were investigated by laser-induced plasma spectroscopy. No changes in the mechanical stability of the coated microparticles could be detected during the manufacturing and penetration of the sunscreen. Applying strong forces on the microparticles by centrifugation, exceeding by far in use conditions, resulted only in small changes in the coating.

Aluminum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Penetration of titanium dioxide microparticles in a sunscreen formulation into the horny layer and the follicular orifice.

Coated titanium dioxide (TiO2) microparticles are commonly used as UV filter substances in commercial sunscreen products. The penetration of these microparticles into the horny layer and the orifice of the hair follicle was investigated. The distribution of the microparticles in the horny layer was analyzed using the method of tape stripping in combination with spectroscopic measurements. Deeper layers of the stratum corneum were devoid of TiO(2) even after repetitive application of sunscreen preparation when analyzing interfollicular areas. Only in the areas of the pilosebaceous orifices could microparticles be identified. The penetration of TiO(2) was investigated in histological skin sections. A biopsy was taken from a skin area from which the horny layer had been removed by tape stripping. In isolated areas, a penetration of coated TiO2 into the open part of the follicle was observed. The amount of TiO2 found in a given follicle was less than 1% of the applied total amount of sunscreens. A penetration of microparticles into viable skin tissue could not be detected.

Adult↗