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Biomedical subjects

W R Jones

Publications and source records attributed to W R Jones.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Human chorionic gonadotrophin and pregnancy-specific beta-1 glycoprotein (SP-1) in ectopic pregnancy.

Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) was estimated by radioreceptor assay (RRA), and beta hCG and pregnancy-specific beta 1 glycoprotein(SP-1) by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in 48 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopy for suspected ectopic pregnancy. Twenty patients subsequently proven to have ectopic pregnancy had positive results for RIA-beta hCG, but RRA-hCG and SP-1 were negative in 3. Twenty-one nonpregnant patients had negative results for RRA-hCG and RIA-beta hCG, but one had a positive result with SP-1. Seven patients with intrauterine pregnancy had positive results in all 3 assays.

Chorionic Gonadotropin↗
PubMed1981

Electrophoretic analysis of human endometrial proteins.

An analysis of the protein composition of the human endometrium was undertaken using sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The peak area of a protein with a molecular weight of 48,000 was significantly elevated in the secretory compared with the proliferative endometrium, while the peak area of another protein with a molecular weight of 41,000 was significantly reduced in the late proliferative and secretory endometrium compared with the early proliferative endometrium. A third protein with a molecular weight of 26,000 was detected predominantly in the secretory endometrium. The physiological implications of these findings are discussed.

Albumins↗
PubMed1980

Pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein as a prognostic indicator in complications of early pregnancy.

Pregnancy-specific beta 1-glycoprotein (SP-1) was measured by radioimmunoassay in patients admitted to the hospital with a clinical diagnosis of hemorrhage in early pregnancy. The results were compared with a normal range and were analyzed for their predictive value in determining prognosis. Six of the total study goup of 54 patients were subsequently proved not to be pregnant and had SP-1 levels below 10 microgram/L, the lower limit of sensitivity for pregnancy detection. Twenty-nine patients had SP-1 levels below the normal range for pregnancy and all had an abnormal outcome (ectopic pregnancy or abortion). The SP-1 level was normal in 29 cases, of which 10 had an abnormal outcome and 19 continued normally beyond the twentieth gestational week. Low SP-1 levels were found in all of the abnormal and none of the continuing pregnancies and may be taken as predictive of an unsuccessful outcome.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1980

Effects of contraceptive agents on the biochemical and protein composition of human endometrium.

An analysis of the nucleic acid and protein composition of endometrial tissue was undertaken in normal women and in patients using either steroidal oral contraceptives or intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD). In the presence of an IUCD, endometrial RNA/DNA and protein/DNA ratios were elevated in the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle compared to values obtained in normal women. In the oral contraceptive group, endometrial RNA/DNA and protein/DNA ratios were below the normal range in the late proliferative phase of the cycle. Typical electrophoretic profiles in the oral contraceptive group were similar to the control group, although a quantitative analysis revealed that the concentrations of certain characteristic uterine proteins were reduced. In the IUCD group, there was a preferential appearance of two proteins with approximate molecular weights of 36,000 and 26,000 daltons. Another protein with a molecular weight of 48,000 daltons, which demonstrated a cyclic change during the normal menstrual cycle, was reduced in both study groups. The results suggest that both agents studied induce changes in the macromolecular composition of the human endometrium which may relate to their contraceptive effect.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Plasma prostaglandin F levels and malignant tumours of the female genital tract.

Plasma prostaglandin F (PGF) was measured by a radioimmunoassay method in 24 subjects with tumours of the female genital tract. Levels in the tumour group ranged from 25 pg/ml to 134 pg/ml and were almost all greater than the values observed in a control group of 41 healthy women who had a mean (+/-SD) level of 21 (+/-3.4)pg/ml. There was a relationship between plasma PGF levels and the stage of the disease. Patients with resectable tumours showed a fall in PGF levels postoperatively and those with disseminated malignancy demonstrated increasing levels as the disease progressed. Plasma PGF may provide a clinical prognostic marker in the management of patients with malignant tumours.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

A comparison of assay methods for pregnancy specific beta 1 glycoprotein (SP-1).

Three methods were compared for the assay of pregnancy specific beta 1 glycoprotein (SP-1): radical immunodiffusion (RID), electroimmunodiffusion (EID) and radioimmunoassay (RIA). There was a significant correlation between EID and RIA. A lower, but still significant correlation was found between EID and RID, but wide discrepancies were seen in some cases. This finding suggests heterogeneity of SP-1 molecule(s). The data indicate that EID is the method of choice for assay of SP-1 after the tenth week of pregnancy, while the more sensitive RIA should be reserved for use before that stage.

Female↗
PubMed1980

Detection of a truly chemotactic lymphokine for human monocytes using millipore membranes.

The detection of the lymphokine monocyte chemotactic factor by determination of the leading front of monocyte migration is described. Stimulated and control supernatants were placed on the attractant side of cellulose ester filters with normal human monocytes as responder cells. Lymphokine activity was assessed by comparing the leading front of monocyte migration in response to control and stimulated culture supernatants. More monocytes migrated to all levels within the filters towards PHA stimulated culture supernatant than to control supernatant, indicating that the lymphokine acted on the entire migrating cell population and not only the cells at the leading front. Analysis of cell migration in a range of concentration gradients demonstrated that the lymphokine induced by PHA was chemotactic for monocytes. There was a significant association (p less than 0.01) between the production of monocyte chemotactic factor in vitro and skin test reactivity in vivo to three soluble antigens, SKSD, Candida albicans extract and tetanus toxoid. It is concluded that the detection of monocyte chemotactic factor production in vitro provides good evidence of sensitisation, however due to a number of false negative reactions, failure to detect the lymphokine does not necessarily indicate lack of reactivity in vivo.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

The investigation of immunological infertility.

Immune reactions to spermatozoa may interfere with fertility in both males and females. These mechanisms may operate in a small, but significant, proportion of infertile couples, particularly when the duration of infertility is greater than three years. Antibodies to sperm may appear both in the blood and in genital tract secretions and their presence should be sought in both sites. The most suitable screening test for circulating anti-sperm antibodies in either partner is a method based on the complement-dependent antibody immobilization of sperm. This test may also be applied to cervical mucus as a routine in females. In males the detection of sperm immobilizing antibodies in blood serves as a reasonable guide to the existence of antibodies in seminal plasma where their presence may be confirmed using a gelatin agglutination test. Further information about the presence of locally secreted antibodies either in cervical mucus or in semen may be gained by using the sperm-cervical mucus contact (SCMC) test in which cross-testing with donor mucus or sperm will identify the site of local antibody production. Results based on immunofluorescence and sperm microagglutination methods are unreliable and lacking in correlation with continuing infertility and the routine use of these tests is not recommended.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1979

Routine ultrasound screening in early pregnancy.

A normal range for ultrasonically determined fetal biparietal diameter (BPD) was established on 497 normal obstetric patients attending the Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide. While composite ranges for mean BPD measurements derived from the literature appear to have wide application, the need is apparent to establish a normal range with standard deviations for local institutional conditions and patient populations. With the established normal range as a reference, a consecutive series of 756 patients had ultrasonic fetal BPD measurements performed before 24 weeks' gestation to confirm or establish gestational maturity. It was held that such a screening procedure was justified in view of the high incidence of initial uncertainty in gestational ageing in the population sampled, and the risks of iatrogenic prematurity in both abnormal and normal patients undergoing induction of labour or elective caesarean section.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Significance of the ultrasound location of placental site in early pregnancy.

The placenta was located by routine ultrasound scanning before 24 weeks gestation in 615 consecutive obstetric patients. A 'low lying' placenta was present in 175 (28 per cent) of the total group; the incidence decreasing from 32 per cent at 16 weeks gestation to 18 per cent at 24 weeks. Of 94 women with an initial 'low lying' placenta who were selected for rescanning, only five had a placenta praevia persisting beyond the 34th week. Patients with an early 'low lying' placenta had a significantly higher incidence of small-for-dates babies than those in whom the placenta remained clear of the internal cervical os on ultrasound scanning.

Female↗
PubMed1979

Random monocyte migration: an in vitro correlation with the delayed hypersensitivity skin reaction.

The in vitro random migration and chemotactic activity of peripheral blood monocytes and neutrophils was compared with the delayed hypersensitivity skin test to streptokinase-streptodornase in fourteen normal subjects. A significant positive correlation (P less than 0.001) was observed between the random migration of monocytes and the size of the skin test reaction. No significant correlation was found with random neutrophil migration or monocyte and neutrophil chemotactic responses. These results indicate that the in vitro random mobility of monocytes is related to the in vivo expression of a delayed-type hypersensitivity skin reaction.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Pregnancy-specific beta-1 glycoprotein (SP-1) in normal and abnormal pregnancy.

Maternal serum levels of a pregnancy specific beta-1 glycoprotein (SP-1) were measured by radial-immunodiffusion in 369 normal pregnancies. Mean levels rose progressively to approximately 200 mg/l at 36 weeks of gestation followed by a plateau and a fall at term. The 95% confidence limits were established for SP-1 logarithmic correction of the positively skewed raw data and certain theoretical and practical advantages were demonstrated in the use of SP-1 compared with human placental lactogen (HPL) measurement in the assessment of fetal-placental growth and function. In a preliminary study of abnormal pregnancy states it was found that maternal serum SP-1 assay may aid in the early detection of retarded intrauterine growth, and that it provides a better monitoring system than HPL in this condition. SP-1 levles were normal in pregnancies complicated by hypertension without retarded intrauterine growth.

Female↗