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Biomedical subjects

W Queisser

Publications and source records attributed to W Queisser.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Can the course of an acute leukemia be predicted?].

65 unselected patients with acute leukemia, diagnosed in 1971 to 1978, were analysed for prognostic factors. The survival-curves (constructed by means of Kaplan-Meier-estimation) were compared with Logrank and generalized Wilcoxon Test. Response to therapy, age, sex, initial granulocyte and platelet-count, LDH and portion of peripheral blasts were examined. The median survival time of patients with partial or complete remission (35.5 weeks) was almost six times as long as in treated patients without remission. The prognosis got worse in higher age. Women had with 7.5 weeks a shorter survival time compared to men with 23 weeks. The same was true for low initial platelet-count, high peripheral blast-portion and high LDH. The morphologic type and initial granulocyte counts had no prognostic value.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of ftorafur with 5-fluorouracil in combination chemotherapy of advanced gastrointestinal carcinoma.

The aim of the study was to compare the combination 5-FU-carmustine with ftorafur-carmustine in the treatment of advanced gastrointestinal cancer. To this end, a prospective, multicenter, randomized trial was initiated. Part I of this trial showed that similar response rates can be obtained with 5-FU-carmustine and ftorafur-carmustine in 109 patients (32.7% versus 26.3%). However, median survival was better in patients treated with 5-FU-carmustine (307 days versus 163 days). Part II of the trial revealed that neither a higher dosage of ftorafur (2 g/m2/day X 5 days) nor the addition of vincristine to both regimens changed the previously obtained results significantly. Again, median survival was found to be better in patients treated with 5-FU combination chemotherapy (304 days versus 144 days). Both the 5-FU and the ftorafur combination were tolerated reasonably well. The results suggest that combination chemotherapy including 5-FU is superior to ftorafur at the applied dosages in terms of survival.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Central nervous side effects following ifosfamide monotherapy of advanced renal carcinoma.

Ten patients with advanced renal carcinoma were treated by ifosfamide (50-60 mg/kd/day x 5 days). The treatment was repeated every 4 weeks and continued until progression appeared. Two patients came into partial remission, two had subjective improvement, and six did not respond. Seven patients developed acute psychopathological symptoms during the first ifosfamide-cycle. Five patients had visual and paranoid hallucinations, four patients were completely confused. Follow-up for up to 10 weeks showed a persisting organic brain syndrome in five patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Adriamycin-combination chemotherapy with or without immune stimulation by corynebacterium parvum in metastasizing carcinoma of the breast (author's transl)].

In a randomised, multicentre study the effect of changing the combined cytostatic treatment with VAC (vincristin, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide) to FMC (fluorouracil, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide) was tested, as well as the effect of active non-specific immune stimulation with Corynebacterium parvum, and compared with a control group. In 59 of 120 patients (49%) in whom the results could be analysed there was a measurable significant regression of tumour size to less than 50% of its initial value. The course was stabilized in a further 43 (36%) women. Further tumour-growth progression or death in the early phase of treatment occurred in only 18 women (15%). Average remission was 16 months. Median survival time from start of the study in all analysable patients averaged 22 months. Patients with an ulcer at the site of application of Corynebacterium parvum had a clearly prolonged survival time. In all, immune stimulation with Corynebacterium parvum was no better, either with regard to the remission rate, remission duration or survival time.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

[A prospective multi-centre study of the response of metastatic gastrointestinal tumours (author's transl)].

In a prospective, multi-centre, randomized study of 109 patients with metastatic gastro-intestinal adenocarcinomas the response rate, survival time and side-effects of two drug combinations, carmustin +5-fluorouracil and carmustin + ftorafur, were compared (same carmustin dosage in both groups). Response to the treatment was 32.7% in those receiving carmustin +5-fluorouracil, 26.3% in those on carmustin + ftorafur. This difference occurred among the 42 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma (33.3% compared with 25%), as well as in 11 with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, and in 56 with colorectal adenocarcinoma (32.1% and 28.6%). Median survival time for 5-fluorouracil + carmustin was 330 days, double that for ftorafur + carmustin (163 days). Bone-marrow toxicity (leukopenia, thrombopenia) was below 10% for both drug combinations. Alopecia occurred in only a few patients. Gastro-intestinal toxicity was common (20% and 18.5%, respectively), but there was no difference between the two groups. The somewhat lower effectiveness of ftorafur compared with 5-fluorouracil was probably due to the deliberately smaller dosage of the former.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

[A prospective study on course and prognostic criteria in "preleukemia" (author's transl)].

The natural course of disease was followed in 33 patients with so-called preleukemia by a prospective multicentric protocol. Patients with the following criteria were included: Anaemia with granulocytopenia and/or thrombocytopenia, normal or increased cellularity of the bone marrow and exclusion of a known diagnosis of underlying disease. Follow up after assumption of "preleukemia" was 3 years or more. Median survival was 26 months after diagnosis of preleukemia and 36 months after the first unequivocal symptoms of the blood dyscrasia. 40% of the patients changed to the picture of leukemia within 2 years. The most important parameters suggesting subsequent transition to overt leukemia where chromosomal abberations and an increased blast count of the bone marrow.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Identification of young megakaryocytes by immunofluorescence and cytophotometry.

The DNA-content of fluoresceine-labeled platelet antigen containing cells of mouse bone marrow was measured. For immunofluorescence highly specific anti-mouse-platelet-serum and fluoresceine-conjugated antigammaglobuline was used, applying the "sandwich" technique. Three hundred panoptically identifable megakaryocytes served as control group. The DNA-polyploidization pattern of megakaryocytes and immunofluorescence positive cells was almost identical. However, among the immunofluorescence positive cells a considerable amount of cells showed DNA-values lower than 4c, whereas the megakaryocytes of the Pappenheim stained smears revealed no DNA-values lower than 4c. The percentages of diploid and tetraploid cells, respectively, was 6 and 7% compared with 0 and 1% of panoptically identifiable megakaryoctyes. The results suggest that young megakaryocytic cells with diploid and tetraploid DNA-values can be detected by immunofluorescence technique, indicating that the flow from the uncommited to the committed megakaryocytic precursor cell appears at this early stage of megakaryocyte production.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Platelet size distribution in mice following immunothrombopenia and vincristine administration.

In the present study platelet size distribution was investigated after induction of immunothrombocytopenia by rabbit-anti-mouse-platelet-serum (RAMPS) and after vincristine-induced thrombocytopenia. The platelet size distribution after a single dose of RAMPS showed a shift to larger volumes at day 1 and 2, and a decrease to slightly smaller volumes than normal at day 8. These differences, however, were not statistically significant. After vincristine administration, a dose-dependent increase of the platelet size distribution was demonstrated, which lasted from day 1-7. It is suggested that in immune-induced thrombocytopenia the young platelets released from bone marrow megakaryocytes are not exclusively large platelets. On the other hand the early appearance of large platelets after vincristine administration points to a toxic or segregating effect of vincristine on circulating platelets. Therefore, in our experiments, the platelet size is not suitable for the differentiation of young and old platelets.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Megakaryocyte polyploidization in May-Hegglin anomaly.

Polyploidization of megakaryocytes was studied in bone marrow aspirates from 3 patients with May-Hegglin anomaly by combined application of cytophotometric determination of the DNA content and autoradiography with 3H-TdR labeling in vitro. A marked elevation of the influx of progenitor cells into the megakaryocytic cell system as well as a decreased maturation capacity from type II to type III megakaryocytes was observed possibly contributing to the pathological platelet sequestration. The polyploidization activity as assessed by 3H-TdR labeling and nuclear DNA content was normal.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Proliferation characteristics of erythroblasts in chronic renal failure.

Proliferation of bone marrow erythroblasts in patients with chronic renal disease was studied by combined application of cytophotometric measurement of the DNA content and 3H-TdR labeling in vitro. A striking decrease of 3H-TdR labeling was found in most of the cases. The proportion of diploid (G0 + G1) as well as of tetraploid unlabeled cells (G2) was increased. The data suggest a disturbed induction of DNA synthesis of resting cells as well as an arrest of cells in G2 being responsable for ineffective cell production in this disease.

Adult↗