Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W Popp.
At 41 children, who were treated from 1982 to 1986 because of severe multiple injuries, the intersecting diagnostic and therapeutic steps following the sequence resulting from their priorities are represented. The advantages and disadvantages of apparative diagnostics methods are critically valued, the managements depend on local suppositions. The immediate transportation these children in suitable centres is to intend abart it.
The appearance of circulating antineuronal antibodies (CANA) in patients with malignant tumors has been correlated with the occurrence of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. However, the effect of CANA on the peripheral nervous system is poorly understood. The reactivity of sera from CANA-positive and -negative patients were investigated on cryostat sections of peripheral nerves and skeletal muscle, and on nerve tease-fiber preparations. Only CANA-positive sera showed staining of Schwann cell nuclei on cryostat sections, whereas nerve tease-fiber preparations and sections of skeletal muscle remained negative. Positive direct immunofluorescence of small cell lung cancer (SCLS) cells was confined to CANA-positive patients only. These findings suggest the existence of a common antigen between SCLC and Schwann cells.
A patient with hypersensitivity pneumonitis showed positive Ouchterlony's immunodiffusion tests against pigeon faecal extract, Cephalosporium and Pullularia antigens. Deposits of immunoglobulins-IgG and IgM antibodies-were detected in a subendothelial position in arterial and venous vessels and on alveolar macrophages in the lung tissue. The IgG deposits in blood vessels belonged to IgG1, IgG2 and IgG3 subclasses and the absorbed IgG on alveolar macrophages to all IgG subclasses. The detection of allergen specific antibodies in lung tissue was made by indirect immunofluorescent staining with FITC conjugated antigen extracts from pigeon faeces and demonstrated the aetiology of this hypersensitivity pneumonitis.
Antibodies directed against neuronal cells were found in the serum of 10 out of 27 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) by means of an indirect immunofluorescent test. Positive staining was found either in nuclei of neurons with sparing of nucleoli or in the cytoplasm only. Antibodies belonged to IgG or IgM. A comparison with a control group of 60 patients yielded a high specificity of the circulating antibodies for SCLC. Contrary to recent reports, we were not able to confirm an association between the existence of circulating antibodies against neurons and the incidence of neurologic paraneoplastic disorders.
In a prospective study the occurrence of rye-specific IgG4 was investigated. We compared 17 bakers with clinical symptoms of bakers' asthma and a more than 100% increase in specific airway resistance following rye dust provocation to 16 bakers who showed neither symptoms of asthma nor an increase in specific airway resistance following rye dust provocation. In the group of patients with allergic type I responses, specific IgG4 was found in 15 cases by an indirect immunofluorescent test on rye grains. In none of the asymptomatic bakers was rye-specific IgG4 detected. In 15 symptomatic subjects rye-specific IgE alone or together with rye-specific IgG4 was found. In 2 cases only rye-specific IgG4--the so-called short-term sensitizing antibody--was demonstrated to explain the allergic bronchial response.
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To calculate their respective exposure to mold spores, volumetric spore sampling was performed with Burkard personal air samplers in the homes of six asthmatic patients with different mold allergies, of three patients with baker's asthma and of four healthy controls. The spore samples were investigated with an indirect immunofluorescent test. Spore-specific IgE was detected in the serum of all the asthmatic patients with mold allergies, even in patients with only slightly increased or no detectable specific IgE in Phadezym-RAST. In serum of patients with baker's asthma and healthy controls, no spore-specific IgE was found.
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A variety of cells (unstimulated human lymphocytes, phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human lymphocytes, diploid human fibroblasts, human melanoma cells, and Hela cells) were subjected in vitro to inhibition of protein biosynthesis by puromycin. Hela cells were also treated with actinomycin D to inhibit RNA-synthesis. Under puromycin treatment, the fibrillar centers of the nucleoli were smaller in all actively dividing cell types, whereas in small inactive lymphocytes from peripheral blood the inhibition of protein synthesis had no noticeable effect. Nucleoli with nucleolonema changed into compact nucleoli under puromycin treatment. When RNA-synthesis was inhibited, the fibrillar centers remained at an approximately constant volume. These findings indicate that proteins localized in the fibrillar centers are involved in, and are used up during, rDNA-transcription and/or further steps of ribosome biogenesis. The changes in nucleolar architecture after the inhibition of protein synthesis suggest that transcriptional processes become concentrated near sites where proteins have been stored, i.e. the fibrillar centers.
In recent years a cause-effect relationship between the existence of circulating antineuronal antibodies (CANA) and neurological paraneoplastic syndromes has been described by several authors suggesting specifity of such antibodies for paraneoplastic syndromes. The present study is a systematic approach to elucidate the significance of CANA in tumor patients. Forty patients with biopsy-proven small cell cancer of the lung (SCLC) were compared to 70 non-SCLC patients and 20 controls in respect to clinical and neurophysiological findings. CANA were found in 17 patients with SCLC. However, only one of these patients with SCLC and positive CANA displayed a sensory neuropathy of the Denny-Brown type, which appeared to be unrelated to CANA titers and oncological course. Contrary to recent reports, we were not able to confirm an association between the existence of CANA and an increased incidence of paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. These data suggest that the antineuronal antibodies appear to be specific for SCLC, but are not necessarily related to paraneoplastic neurological syndromes.
Wheat grains were embedded with or without fixation in Technovit 7100 or in paraffin. This enabled us to produce 4 microns sections for immunofluorescent staining to see whether serum of patients with baker's asthma contained IgG antibodies against wheat grains. Embedding without fixation in Technovit 7100 appeared to be suitable for immunofluorescent staining and gave superior results to protocols requiring fixation.
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An account is given of problems implied in diagnosis of intramural duodenal haematoma, with reference being made to three of the author's patients in childhood. The event is rare and may develop in the wake of slight traumatisation. Conservative treatment is possible. Yet, laparotomy is indicated in dubious situations for surgical removal of extravasation and, possibly, duodenal support.