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Biomedical subjects

W Mori

Publications and source records attributed to W Mori.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

A study on pulmonary hemorrhage experimentally produced by the Shwartzman mechanism in rabbits. Possible relationship to pulmonary hemorrhage in man.

The lung was chosen as a target organ of the univisceral Shwartzman reaction in this study. Rabbits were selected as the experimental animal, and E. coli endotoxin was used as the Shwartzman reagent. Preparative procedures were applied through the trachea into the lung in several ways; direct injection of the endotoxin solution and inhalation of the atomized endotoxin solution by natural breathing. The provocation was made by intravenous injection of the same endotoxin 24 hours later. The lung showed severe hemorrhage associated with inflammatory cell infiltration, interstitial fibrosis, macrophage accumulation, etc. The severity and extent of these changes varied, to some extent, between groups as well as between individual animals. The fundamental character was, however, common to all, and the incidence of the lesion in the lung was quite high. The relationship of the present results to idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage and Goodpasture's syndrome is also discussed from the viewpoint of human pathology.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

A study on so-called novel inclusion body in human hepatocyte.

The so-called novel inclusion body (NIB) is an intrahepatocytic structure which is frequently observed in human cirrhotic liver. It resembles very much to, but definitely differs from Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) morphologically. The age distribution of liver cirrhosis cases positive for NIB is similar to that positive for HBsAg, except for an existence of a time lag in mean age. One of the best staining methods to demonstrate NIB, for example, is to exhibit it as a reddish body stained by Luna, with a contrast of HBsAg counterstained purple in color by aldehyde fuchsin after thiosulfation. Electron microscopy of the liver obtained from a patient, negative for both HBsAg and Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) but positive for Hepatitis B core antibody (HBcAb) and Hepatitis B surface antigen antibody (HBsAb) clinically, revealed some unfamiliar, tubular and cisternal arrays showing a network pattern and ring-shaped structure at the site exactly corresponding to NIB localization. These are considered to have been induced from the endoplasmic reticulum by an unknown agent, for which non A non B hepatitis virus (NANBV) is rationally postulated as one of the possibilities. A close relation between NIB and NANBV is highly suspected because of much similarities in histology, histochemistry, age distribution, and electron microscopy. The true nature of NANBV should be rescrutinized, especially in relation with Hepatitis B virus infection, since NIB is quite often observed also in cirrhotic liver positive for HBsAg.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Protracted histopathological change of the liver necrosis induced by Shwartzman reaction. An experimental animal model of liver cirrhosis?

Severe pathological fibrotic change of rabbits treated with endotoxin was produced. The liver of the rabbits that died within 14 days showed severe architectural distortion through wide fibrotic band which could be called morphologically post necrotic liver cirrhosis. On the other hand, in the liver of the rabbits that remained alive more than 14 days thin septal nodular structures were observed. This experimental model is proposed as a tool for the further study of the pathogenesis of human liver cirrhosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Isoferritins from tumorous and non-tumorous human liver.

Human ferritins purified from normal liver (LF) and from hepatocellular carcinoma (HF) showed different biochemical and immunological characteristics. Subunit preparations from the isoferritins showed differences in isoelectric focusing patterns, although both HF and LF were found to be composed of H and L subunits with apparently the same molecular weights. It is postulated that heterogeneities between the two isoferritins are not merely due to different proportions of H and L subunits, but also result from the existence of distinct species of the subunits bearing different surface electric charges.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1985

Hepatocellular carcinoma in the Philippines: a clinicopathological study of 150 cases.

Clinicopathological features were examined in 150 hepatocellular carcinoma cases autopsied from 1977 to 1983 in the Philippines and were compared to those of cases reported in Japan. The characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in the Philippines were as follows. 1. The age of autopsied patients with hepatocellular carcinoma in the Philippines was approximately 10 years younger than in Japan. The Philippines cases included even 10- to 11-year-old patients. 2. The macroscopic type of hepatocellular carcinoma in the Philippines consisted predominantly of the massive type of Eggel's classification. On the other hand, an encapsulated tumor was found in only one case. 3. The histological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in the Philippines were not especially well defined. Hyaline globules and fatty metamorphosis were found in 1 and 12, respectively, of 90 Philippine hepatocellular carcinoma cases. 4. The frequency of HBs antigen in hepatocellular carcinoma in the Philippines was 37%. This is almost equal to that in Japan.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Hepatitis B surface antigen in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs-Ag) was detected histologically (by victoria blue-nuclear fast red staining) in the liver in 20-40% of liver cirrhosis and/or hepatocellular carcinoma (hepatoma) cases. In hepatoma cases, HBs-Ag was usually found in non-cancerous areas of the liver. However, some HBs-Ag positive cells were also found dispersed in cancerous areas; these were regarded as HBs-Ag-infected non-cancerous hepatic cells remaining undestroyed. There were a few cases where inconsistency was found between the results of the immunofluorescence technique using anti HBs-Ag serum and victoria blue staining in detecting HBs-Ag. This phenomenon was rare in non-cancerous areas, but was relatively frequent in cancerous areas.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1984

A study on chronologic change of the relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer based on autopsy diagnosis.

Human cases autopsied at the Department of Pathology, University of Tokyo, were studied to investigate the chronologic changes in the relationship between cigarette smoking and lung cancer occurrence. The results obtained were as follows: (1) it was confirmed that the incidence of lung cancer was significantly higher among cigarette smokers than among nonsmokers, and that there was a definite dose-response relationship between the quantity of cigarettes smoked and the occurrence of lung cancer; and (2) over the time span studied, the incidence of lung cancer among autopsies showed a remarkable increase. However, this tendency was seen in both cigarette smokers and nonsmokers, and in fact, the increase was comparatively higher in the latter group. It should be stressed that the relative importance of cigarette smoking in human pulmonary carcinogenesis seems to have decreased in the past 40 years or so, and factors other than cigarette smoking seems to have become more important.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A study on renal papillary necrosis experimentally produced by the Shwartzman mechanism in rabbits.

To produce renal papillary necrosis experimentally by means of the Shwartzman mechanism in rabbits, E. coli endotoxin was injected into the renal pelvis unilaterally through the ureter as a preparative procedure after pretreatment by local administration of alcohol, and the same endotoxin was given again 24 hours later, but intravenously this time via the ear vein, as a provocation. Marked necrosis was produced in the renal papillae, where many intravascular fibrin thrombi were found histologically. Such papillary necrosis was largely prevented by heparin administration, and this lesion was considered to be the univisceral Shwartzman reaction occurring in the renal papillae. The lesion produced in the new experimental system of renal papillary necrosis described here has a good similarity to that of human cases in etiology, pathogenesis and morphology. The present system may therefore be a good model of human renal papillary necrosis, and should be useful for future studies.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Long term effects of thorium dioxide (thorotrast) administration on human liver. Ultrastructural localization of thorium dioxide in human liver by analytical electron microscopy.

The ultrastructual localization of thorium dioxide was examined in liver biopsy specimens from two patients injected more than 30 years before with thorotrast. An energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis spectrometer (Kevex 5100) was used to identify thorium in the liver tissue. By electron microscopy, most of the thorium particles were found in the cells of the reticuloendothelial system, such as macrophages of the portal triad and Kupffer cells in the hepatic sinusoid. Thorium dioxide particles were mainly located within the phagosomes, but larger aggregates existed in the cytoplasma with no visible limiting membrane. In addition, the deposition of thorium granules in a few hepatocytes was also confirmed by electron microscopy. This fact indicates that two main pathways of elimination are still functioning in the late period, but the hepatocytic pathway appears to be less effective than the reticuloendothelial system.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1984

A pathological study of fulminant hepatic disease.

Among 4,030 autopsies, 67 cases of fulminant hepatic failure were selected and studied from a pathological viewpoint. No sex difference in incidence was seen and the patients' age ranged very widely from 3 months to 78 years, showing comparatively high risk in the 20 s and 30 s in both sexes. Hepatitis virus was the most common cause, followed by toxic chemicals, shock, etc. Histopathological study revealed severe and extensive hepatic cell necrosis as the most conspicuous and common change of the liver, which was pathomorphologically quite similar to that experimentally produced by focal intravascular coagulation in rabbit. This evidence, as well as pathological findings of the other organs obtained at autopsy and the patients' reported clinical course, including laboratory data, were consistent with our proposal of a pathological disease entity, fulminant liver disease, which corresponds to the clinical symptom-complex known as fulminant hepatic failure. It is suggested that the characteristic feature of acute, severe and extensive hepatic cell necrosis which is seen in such cases is probably a result of an anoxic state caused in most instances by intrahepatic circulatory disturbances. Besides, we consider that fulminant liver disease can be regarded as a group of systemic diseases with the main focus of illness in the liver, rather than a specific disease of a single organ, the liver.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Induction of brain tumors by a newly isolated JC virus (Tokyo-1 strain).

A newly isolated virus from a patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) (Tokyo-1 strain) was found serologically identical to JC virus (Mad-1 strain) and showed high neurooncogenicity in hamsters. Twenty-one animals inoculated intracerebrally with the virus developed brain tumors during a period that averaged 5 months. The tumors were cerebellar medulloblastoma (n = 20); plexus tumor (n = 2) occurred in 1 animal as a single tumor and in another in combination with a medulloblastoma. Thalamic gliomatosis was also present in 6 animals with medulloblastoma. Five mock-infected animals did not develop tumors. Medulloblastoma cells were shown to contain papovavirus T-antigen. In 20 animals examined the medulloblastoma showed a close resemblance to the human medulloblastoma in its histologic, immunocytochemical, and ultrastructural features. Examination of the incipient tumors indicated that the hamster medulloblastoma originated in cells in the neonatal external granular layer. Following infection the cells apparently migrated into the internal granular layer, carrying integrated virus genes and expressing phenotypical transformation. These findings confirm previous reports on the oncogenicity of virus isolates from PML (ZuRhein and Varakis, 1979), but are novel in that with this new isolate tumors could be induced with comparatively low levels of virus inocula.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Melatonin protects rats from injurious effects of a glucocorticoid, dexamethasone.

Administration of the pineal hormone melatonin (1 mg/day) to growing female rats provided significant protection against the injurious effects (decrease of body weight gain and atrophy of the thymus and adrenals) caused by a glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (0.4-0.01 mg/day). The protective effects were greater at lower doses of dexamethasone, and the adrenal/body weight ratio was well maintained. Histological examination of the thymus and adrenals confirmed both the injurious effect of dexamethasone and the protective effect of melatonin. Dexamethasone also increased glutamic pyruvic transaminase, free fatty acid, triglyceride and glucose in the serum, and melatonin significantly reduced the former two changes. It is proposed that the protection afforded by the pineal hormone melatonin against the injurious effects of dexamethasone is due to a direct anti-glucocorticoid action and dose not involve any other endocrine organ.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1983

Atypical acinar cell nodules of the human pancreas.

The earliest morphological evidence of altered growth potential of pancreatic acinar cells of the rats treated with carcinogen, such as azaserine, is the development of nodules of atypical acinar cells, some of which are considered to appear, eventually, as acinar cell carcinomas. On the other hand, there exist nodular lesions in the human pancreas, which are similar to atypical acinar cell nodules of the rats, in the sense of nodularity, multiplicity, size, and cytological features, such as pale cytoplasm. To clarify the plausibility of the human nodular lesions as a precursor of acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas, light and electron microscopical studies were performed, using pancreases of 115 semi-consecutive series of autopsy cases and 20 surgical cases. Multiple nodular lesions were found in 3 autopsy cases and one surgical cases. Ultrastructurally, markedly dilated cysterna of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum and intracisternal granules were the most prominent characteristics of the atypical cells of the nodules. These features are neither reported in chemically induced atypical acinar cell nodules and carcinomas nor in human acinar cell carcinomas. The human lesions were considered to be of degenerative nature rather than neoplastic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Orcein positive hepatocellular material in the liver. With special reference to its relationship with human lipofuscin.

Histopathological relationship between orcein positive hepatocellular material (ophm) reported by Sipponen and human lipofuscin (hlp) was investigated. Ophm was found to be very similar to hlp of the liver as well as of heart muscle cell morphologically and histochemically, and it seems to be quite rational to consider that ophm may be a substance which belongs to the lysosome series comprising hlp and prelipofuscin. Ophm has been discussed often from a view point of copper contents, which was considered to be one of its specific characters, but it has become clear that hlp can also possess copper according to our investigation and to some reports of other researchers. This fact throws a doubt on the significance of the specific relation between ophm and copper, as well as the usability of orcein stain for detecting copper in histological specimens. Victoria blue stain is quite useful for the detection of hlp including ophm, since it gives a blue color for it with a good contrast against red colored cytoplasm and nucleus. However, this can not be considered as a method for specific stain of copper either.

Electron Probe Microanalysis↗