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Biomedical subjects

W Mohr

Publications and source records attributed to W Mohr.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Coronal paranasal sinus CT: using the spiral technique].

Coronal scanning of the paranasal sinuses requires a prone position and hyperextension of the head. As this position is very uncomfortable for the patients, we tried to reduce the duration of the examination by using Spiral-CT. 5 patients were examined with the conventional mode and 5 patients with spiral-CT. Technical factors for the conventional mode were 250 mAs, a slice thickness of 4 mm and an interval of 3 mm. Spiral-CT was performed with 210 mAs, 120 kV, a slice thickness of 4 mm, an increment of 3 mm and a feed of 4 mm/s. The duration of the examination was measured, image quality was compared by using a score, and radiation exposure was measured on the surface of a phantom. Using the conventional mode examination time was 10.3 min, compared with 4.4 min using spiral-CT. Image quality did not differ significantly. Radiation exposure on the surface of a phantom was 29 mGy in conventional mode and 26 mGy in spiral mode. These results were confirmed in 100 further examinations with spiral-CT. The duration of the examination can be significantly reduced by spiral technique without any loss of image quality. The intricate anatomical structures including the important variations can be well defined applying this technique.

Humans↗
PubMed1995

[Aneurysm of the descending thoracic aorta in tertiary syphilis].

A 53-year-old female presented with septicaemia caused by left ureteric obstruction due to ureterolithiasis. Further diagnostic work-up for left mediastinal widening revealed an asymptomatic aneurysm of the descending aorta. Serologic tests for syphilis were highly positive (TPHA 1:10240, 19s-IgM-FTA-Abs 1:20, Cardiolipin KBR 1:72 IU/ml). After a three weeks course of Penicillin G, 19s-IgM-FTA-Abs was negative. A successful tube resection of the aneurysm was performed. The diagnosis of luetic aneurysm of the descending aorta was confirmed histologically. Although rare today, tertiary syphilis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of thoracic aneurysm in middle-aged patients lacking classical risk factors for atherosclerosis. The immune pathogenesis of cardiovascular syphilis still remains subject of controversy.

Aorta, Thoracic↗
PubMed1994

Carcinoid of the ampulla of Vater. Clinical characteristics and morphologic features.

BACKGROUND: Carcinoid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract are most common localized in the appendix, followed by the small intestine, the rectum, and the stomach. The localization of these tumors at the ampulla of Vater is extremely seldom. METHODS: In the present study the authors describe two patients with carcinoid tumors of the ampulla Vater and review 71 previously published cases. RESULTS: Most patients presented with jaundice, but without carcinoid syndrome. Because the tumor grows submucosally, preoperative diagnosis was correct only in 15%. Most tumors were around 2 cm in size. Metastasis to lymph nodes and/or liver was present in 45%. Standard treatment is Whipple resection or local excision in small tumors. CONCLUSIONS: Carcinoid tumors of the ampulla of Vater are an extremely rare clinical entity. Generally, the prognosis is good with a 5-year survival period of 90%.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Spiral computerized tomography of the breast].

AIM: To evaluate the use of spiral CT in the diagnosis of breast lesions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 93 female patients with suspicious or uncertain mammographic findings were examined by CT before and after contrast enhancement according to the following practical method: table movement, 6 mm/s, slice thickness 6 mm, increment 4 mm, contrast 200 ml, injection rate 3 ml/s, scan start 50 s after the beginning of the injection. Histological confirmation was present in 85 patients. RESULTS: All 44 invasive carcinomas were recognised. They were characterised by intensive focal contrast uptake. Only 2 out of 7 intraductal carcinomas were not shown by CT. 36 out of 38 benign lesions were correctly diagnosed. 2 out of 11 fibroadenomas showed strong enhancement and were incorrectly diagnosed. The examinations provided valuable additional information compared to mammography and sonography. CONCLUSION: Spiral CT is very useful for elucidating problems in the diagnosis of breast lesions. Its advantages consist in the speed of the method, comfort for the patient, absence of movement artifacts, easy standardisation and wide applicability.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗
PubMed1992

Chemically-induced chronic nerve compression in rabbits--a new experimental model for the carpal tunnel syndrome.

In order to create an experimental model for the carpal tunnel syndrome without the use of the commonly applied foreign bodies (silicone or rubber tubes, tourniquets etc.), the present study tried to induce a chemically provoked compression of the median nerve in rabbits. In 9 female rabbits 1 ml of Aethoxskerol 3% (Hydrox-polyethoxy dodecan) was instilled into the carpal tunnel around the median nerve after visualisation of the nerve. The other foreleg served as the control and was treated with the same amount of saline solution. Electroneurophysiologic parameters were registered preoperatively, 1 month and 6 months post surgery and histomorphologic investigations by light and electron microscopy were performed after 6 months. 6 months after treatment with Aethoxysklerol, a statistically significant lengthening of the distal latency period as well as a significant reduction of the compound potential amplitude could be observed. In accordance with these findings, morphological investigation revealed the presence of extensive granulation tissue around the median nerve together with signs of demyelination. Our results indicate that we were able to produce the development of extensive granulation tissue in the carpal tunnel of rabbits with subsequent compression of the median nerve which was confirmed by histomorphologic investigation as well as by measurement of nerve conductive velocity.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Fibrosarcoma in association with a total knee joint prosthesis.

A case of fibrosarcoma of the proximal tibia, arising at the site of a cemented Richards total knee joint replacement with cobalt chrome alloy is reported. The patient, an 80-year-old man, received the endoprosthesis because of osteoarthritis of the knee 4 years ago. The literature on malignant tumours occurring in association with endoprostheses is summarized and briefly discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[Paraganglioma of the glomus caroticum--a frequently misdiagnosed disease picture].

24 carotid body tumors in 21 patients (1970-1990) have been analysed retrospectively. These well vascularized tumors are growing slowly in the carotid bifurcation and often cause failures in diagnostic and therapeutical approach. 66% (14) have been operated on partially 2-3 times with wrong diagnosis (cervical gland, lateral cervical cyst a.o.) in other hospitals. It is important to come to an early diagnosis by the typical trias according to Fontaine and Kocher, by CT-scan and arteriography. The best method of operation is the so-called technique of transsection, which is also applicable in advanced tumor stage (type II-III acc. to Linder). In tumors, which are beyond radical operability, good cosmetic and functional results can be achieved by partial resection.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Current concept of mood disorders. Impact on the therapeutic management].

The unipolar-bipolar distinction underlines the recurrence of the disorder (40 to 80% of unipolars and 95% of bipolars) and also the transition from one subtype to the other (10 to 15% of unipolars will become bipolars). Some semiological forms of depressive illness may give clues concerning the required management modalities. Depressions with psychotic features have a good response to ECT or to TCAs+neuroleptics. As other authors, Quitkin et al. find a good response of atypical depression to MAOIs. The comorbidity of mood disorders with personality disorders may be of poor prognosis. Akiskal suggested the presence of a depressive personality, Hudson and Pope suggest the notion of an affective disorders spectrum in which bulimia and OCD have a good response to serotoninergic antidepressants, whereas panic disorders have a good response to clomipramine, imipramine and MAOIs. Patient management should start with taking both the history of the disease and patient's previous treatment with a much precision as possible. Today the focus is on the particular progressive forms of resistant and chronic depressions, among which there are patients who have not received adequate treatment, and of rapid cyclers. The hypothesis of hypothyroïdism in rapid cyclers has been suggested recently. Carbamazepine and Valproate seem to be efficacious in several recent open studies and in controlled for carbamazepine. The initiation of chemotherapy to prevent the recurrences of depression takes into account the unipolar or bipolar aspect of the mood disorder. Lithium has emerged as the prophylactic agent of choice in bipolar disorders, especially if the index episode is manic. Early prophylaxis is justified when the first episode is manic or after two depressive episodes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Antidepressive Agents↗