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Biomedical subjects

W Martin

Publications and source records attributed to W Martin.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Cardiovascular effects of prenalterol on rest and exercise haemodynamics in patients with chronic congestive cardiac failure.

?The cardiovascular effects of the cardioselective beta, agonist prenalterol have been studied in nine patients with severe chronic congestive cardiac failure and in six patients with left ventricular dysfunction resulting from previous myocardial infarction. In the patients with cardiac failure intravenous prenalterol in a dosage of 1.5 microgram/kg bodyweight increased the cardiac index from 1.8 +/- 0.1 to 21.+/- 0.1 1/min per m2 and the left ventricular ejection fraction from 22 +/- 3 to 28 +/- 3%. There was a modest but significant increase in heart rate from 76 +/- 3 to 87 +/- 4 beats/min. Systemic vascular resistance fell from 2285 +/- 51 to 2041 +/- 534 dynes s-1 cm-5. On exercise, the left ventricular filling pressure fell from 33 +/- 6 to 26 +/- 3 and both cardiac index and stroke index increased by 13% and 16%, respectively. There was no significant change in heart rate or systemic blood pressure. In the patients with left ventricular dysfunction, coronary sinus blood flow increased from 107 +/- 11 to 133 +/- 12 ml/min but the increase in myocardial oxygen consumption was small and not significant (11.6 +/- 1.2 and 14.5 +/- 1.9 ml/min). In all patients there was no evidence that prenalterol was arrhythmogenic.

Adrenergic beta-Agonists↗
PubMed1982

The chest radiograph in Rocky Mountain spotted fever.

Chest radiographs of 43 patients with Rocky Mountain spotted fever were reviewed to elucidate the frequency and types of involvement of the lower respiratory tract. The abnormal radiographic patterns included localized and diffuse infiltrates of both interstitial and alveolar type. Autopsies were performed in five cases, and findings in several of these are described to help provide radiologic-pathologic correlation. An association of lung involvement (as evidenced by diffuse infiltrates on chest radiographs) and increased mortality was demonstrated.

Cardiomegaly↗
PubMed1981

A new hereditary variant of the PGM1 erythrocyte enzyme system determined by isoelectric focusing.

A new variant of the PGMa1 erythrocyte enzyme system not identical with the known variants of the system has been detected in the hemolyzed red blood cells of a healthy blood donor by isoelectric focusing. Using this technique the variant is represented by two bands, a strong and slow one more cathodically located than the a3 band and a weak one in the position of the a2 band. Using agarose thin layer or acetate foil electrophoresis the variant is represented only by a minimal cathodic broadening of the PGM1 1 band and therefore it is easily overlooked. Investigation of the propositus' family shows that the variant occurs combined with the common alleles PGMa1(1), PGMa1(2), and PGMa1(3) and that it has an autosomal dominant inheritance. Obviously the variant has a very low frequency.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Bf-immunofixation on cellogel membranes (author's transl)].

A method for the determination of Bf phenotypes of means of immunofixation after electrophoresis on cellogel membranes is reported. In comparison to immunofixation after agarose gel thin layer electrophoresis, this method shows an equal separation quality, but requires only about 1/5 of the monospecific anti-Bf serum, and results can be obtained after only 5 h. The gene frequencies calculated from our material (BfS 0.7994, BfF 0.1850, BfSO,7 0.0085, BfF1 0.0071) are in good accordance with investigations about other European populations.

Berlin↗
PubMed1981

Actions on the cardiovascular system of an inhibitory material extracted from the bovine retractor penis.

1 A partially purified material has been isolated from methanol extracts of the bovine retractor penis muscle. This material exerts biological activity only after treatment with acid and subsequent neutralisation. The active principle in this extract, which appears to be no known autacoid, mimics the response to stimulation of the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerves in the bovine isolated retractor penis muscle. 2 This inhibitory extract did not alter the heart rate or blood pressure of the anaesthetized rat when administered either by intravenous or intra-arterial injection, nor did it have any obvious effect on isolated cardiac muscle. 4 The extract produced relaxation of spiral strips of various arteries isolated from ox, cat, rabbit or rat, in which tone was induced by noradrenaline, K+ of Ba2+. 5 The extract also produced dilatation of the resistance vessels of the rat isolated mesenteric circulation and the rat hindquarters perfused with Krebs solution; tone was induced in these vessels by adrenaline or noradrenaline. 6 Lack of vasodilator activity of the extract in the whole animal appeared to be due to rapid inactivation in the blood, probably by binding to the erythrocytes.

Anesthesia↗
PubMed1981

Some physical and chemical properties of the smooth muscle inhibitory factor in extracts of the bovine retractor penis muscle.

1. A method of extracting and partially purifying a smooth muscle inhibitory factor from the bovine retractor penis is described. This consists of extraction in methanol followed by adsorption on an anion exchange resin, elution from the resin with 500 mM-sodium chloride solution and, if necessary, removal of adenine nucleotides by adsorption on alumina. 2. The inhibitory factor exists in a stable pharmacologically inactive form and an unstable pharmacologically active form. Conversion to the active form is by a brief exposure to acid at pH 2.0. 3. The inhibitory factor is insoluble in ether or acetone but soluble in methanol. Anhydrous methanol, however, irreversibly destroys pharmacological activity especially if the inhibitory factor is in the active form. This effect of methanol is prevented by the presence of 20-30-% water. 4. The inhibitory factor binds to an anion exchange resin but not to a cation exchange resin. It can be eluted from the resin by 500 mM-sodium chloride solution. 5. The molecular weight of the inhibitory factor, as judged by the ability to pass ultrafiltration membranes, is about 500. 6. Inhibitory activity is unaffected by the proteases trypsin, subtilisin or pepsin or by leucine aminopeptidase, pyroglutamate aminopeptidase or carboxypeptidase. The inhibitory effect of the extract and the inhibitory response to stimulation of the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nerves are also unaffected by the protease inhibitor, aprotinin. The active material, therefore, is unlikely to be a peptide. 7. Inhibitory activity is abolished by exposure of the extracts to periodic acid or sodium periodate. Acetic anhydride in pyridine also abolishes activity but the vehicle pyridine is also effective. 8. Sodium borohydride but not borate abolishes inhibitory activity when added to the acid-activated material at pH 2.0 but has no effect or may even potentiate activity if added to the stable inactive form at pH 9.0. When added to the acid-activated but neutralized material at pH 6.8 it usually abolishes inhibitory activity but occasionally has no effect. 9. These results suggest the smooth muscle inhibitory factor in these extracts is potent and probably novel. It does not appear to be a peptide or a lipid but may contain a carbohydrate as part of the molecule. Its possible physiological role is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Measurement of 24-hour whole-body retention of Tc-99m HEDP by a gamma camera.

Measurement of 24-hr whole-body retention of Tc-99m HEDP, using a shadow-shield, whole-body monitor, has been shown to be a sensitive measure of skeletal metabolism and of value in the diagnosis of metabolic bone disease. A new method of measuring the retention using a gamma camera, with a scanning (fishtail) collimator and patient placed at 2.,3 m distance, has been evaluated in 18 patients undergoing routine bone scans. The patients also had whole-body monitor (WBM), and the two methods correlated well, yielding a regression line GC% = -0.82 + 0.98 WBM%, r = 0.975, p less than 0.001. The limitations to, and repeatability of, the gamma-camera measurements are discussed. This work shows that measurements of whole-body retention can be obtained in any nuclear medicine department possessing a gamma camera with a suitable collimator.

Body Burden↗
PubMed1980

[Analysis of circadian temperature rhythm in endogenous depressive illness (author's transl)].

In long term studies on three endogenous depressive female patients, the circadian course of body temperature has been observed during depressive and manic episodes as well as during the intervals. The patients measured their oral temperature regularly, several times a day. The mathematical analysis, carried out with methods of digital signal processing using an interactive computer program system TIMESDIA, showed the following results: A period length of 24 h, independent on the state of mood. During depression and during mania, however, a greater variability of the daily temperature pattern was found, which resulted from changes of the phase relationship of higher harmonics.

Antipsychotic Agents↗
PubMed1980

Increased renal accumulation of Tc-99m-MDP in renal artery stenosis.

Abnormal increased renal accumulation of Tc-99m-MDP was observed in a patient found subsequently to have stenosis of the ipsilateral renal artery. The case is both interesting in itself and for its possible implications regarding the use of radiolabeled phosphates in renal ischemia.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

A smooth muscle inhibitory material from the bovine retractor penis and rat anococcygeus muscles.

1. A material that powerfully inhibits the bovine retractor penis and rat anococcygeus muscles has been extracted from these muscles. The inhibitory activity is unaffected by atropine 10(-6) M, phentolamine 5 x 10(-6) M or propranolol 5 x 10(-6) M. 2. This inhibitory material exists in two forms, a stable but inactive form and an unstable inhibitory form. As isolated the material is in the stable, inactive form and is converted into the active form by a brief exposure to acid. The optimum for conversion is pH 2.0 and the active form, after neutralization, reverts with time to the inactive but can be reactivated by a further exposure to acid. The reversion to the inactive form is temperature sensitive, and is rapid at 37 degrees C. 3. The inhibitory material, both active and inactive, is irreversibly destroyed by 2 min in a boiling water bath or by exposure to U.V. irradiation. 4. The inhibitory material is not confined to tissues known to possess a non-adrenergic non-cholinergic innervation. Similar activity has been detected in extracts os skeletal and cardiac muscle and of the liver. The poorly innervated rat uterus and the non-innervated human umbilical artery, however, gave only small and variable amounts. The possible relationship of this material to non-adrenergic non-cholinergic nerves is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Epiphysiolysis in rickets.

Presented is a case demonstrating slipped capital femoral and capital humeral epiphyses. The physician should keep in mind not only that slipped capital femoral epiphyses may indicate renal osteodystrophy but that epiphysiolysis elsewhere is increasingly a recognized finding in this entity.

Adolescent↗