[Hospital infections with special reference to newborn infants].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W Marget.
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The equipollent clinical effect of epicillin syrup compared with epicillin capsules was demonstrated by means of blood levels in a crossover study in seven children aged between one year and 13 years. The advantages in pediatrics of using epicillin with possibly a low frequency of exanthema are pointed out.
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Since none of the studies of long-term management of recurrent urinary tract infections considered the possibility of patients' not taking medication, compliance with long-term antibiotic therapy was tested by urine check in 93 children with recurrent urinary tract infection. Only 30 children (32.2%) took the prescribed drugs at regular intervals, 27 children (19.1%) did not take the antibiotics at all and 36 patients took the drugs irregularly, skipping one or two doses a day. The difference in infection rate between regular takers (3.9/year) and non-takers (7.2/year) and irregular takers (4.8/year) and non-takers was statistically highly significant. Forgetfulness and negligence of the parents was found to be the main reason for not giving the child the medication. Treatment studies which show the advantage of one regimen over another or which try to define optimal duration of therapy should take particular care in evaluation compliance.
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An in vitro system was developed to test the phagocytic activity of human macrophages grown from blood monocytes in the presence of the antibiotics ampicillin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol. (3)H-labeled Listeria monocytogenes served as test organism. Subinhibitory amounts of the antibiotics enhanced the phagocytic activity significantly (P < 0.025). Macrophages pretreated with the drugs in identical concentrations showed the same phagocytic activity as control cells in the absence of the drugs. Because the drug concentrations used were similar to those that may be attained in man at certain places of inflammation, enhanced phagocytosis in the presence of antibiotics may have clinical significance.
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