Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to W L Morison.
Oral administration of 8-methoxypsoralen followed by exposure to a high-intensity longwave ultraviolet treatment system resulted in clearing of atopic eczema in 15 patients. Paired-comparison studies demonstrated that this treatment was superior both to conventional ultraviolet light therapy and to no treatment. Short-term observation suggests that regular therapy is necessary to maintain remission of the disease.
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Indomethacin, a known inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, administered topically as a 2.5% solution, intradermally in 10 mug doses, and orally in a dose of 150 mg/day for 2 days did not diminish the delayed erythema produced a long-wave ultraviolet light (320-400 nm). The delayed phototoxic erythema produced by 8-methoxypsoralen and subsequent exposure the long-wave ultraviolet light was similarly unaffected. By comparison, topical and intradermal indomethacin treatment produced sustained decrease in the erythemal response to ultraviolet radiation in the UVB ranges (290-320 nm).
The lymphocyte transformation test was used to study cell-mediated immunity to wart antigen in patients with active wart infections, in patients with past history of warts and in control subjects. A common pattern was established with wart antigen; a control baseline, followed by a rise of 14C thymidine uptake in the 'active' group and a further elevation in the 'past history' group. Five patients with active warts were followed up and re-examined at various intervals after successful wart resolution; all except one responded to wart antigen by increased DNA synthetic activity after the wart resolution. This increased response was specific for wart antigen and could still be detected 6 months after wart resolution.
A new system of phytohaemagglutinin stimulation in vitro using the leucocyte migration inhibition test has been applied to patients with active and inactive sarcoidosis and subjects with a persistently negative response to tuberculin. Patients with active sarcoidosis and the tuberculin-negative subjects have a depressed response to the mitogen. This response is improved by the addition of transfer factor to the cultures.
The cell-mediated and antibody responses to human wart antigen have been studied in patients with warts and in controls. Most patients show a positive cell-mediated response at or about the time of resolution of their warts but the detectable immunity is short-lived. The majority of patients with warts have antibodies and the percentage rises both with resolution of the warts and with increase in the duration of the infection. No correlation between the presence of antibodies and the development of cell-mediated immunity was found.
Competence of cell-mediated immunity in patients with warts was assessed by measuring in vitro response to PHA and PPD. Patients with warts were found to be less responsive as compared with a control group and this deficiency was related to the length of history of the wart infection.
Several anti-DNA agents have been tested for their value in the treatment of warts in humans. A pilot study was carried out on patients with warts resistant to other forms of treatment. The agents used were hydroxyurea, idoxuridine and photodynamic inactivation. Idoxuridine 20% in a cream base appears to offer some possibilities as a treatment when other measures have failed.
The incidence of viral warts, recurrent herpes simplex and herpes zoster has been assessed in a group of patients with possible secondary immune deficiency states and compared to a control group. Patients with cell-mediated immune deficiency appear to be more prone to warts and zoster infection as compared to patients with humoral immune deficiency. Recurrent herpes simplex infection was not increased in either group.
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Evaluation of responsiveness to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) in the leucocyte-migration inhibition test has been extended to a greater number of patients and control subjects to explore the range of the test. The patients, mainly with sarcoidosis, were found to be less responsive than controls. The conditions of the test in terms of concentration of PHA, duration of culture, and serum concentration used were investigated and standards suggested. Intraperson variation and the influence of age were also evaluated.
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