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Biomedical subjects

W Kuran

Publications and source records attributed to W Kuran.

54 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epileptic seizures among the population of Mokotów: incidence and prognosis].

In the years 1976-1979 all cases of first epileptic seizure of any type were analysed in the whole population of the Mokotów District. The total number of patients with the first seizure in life was 272. The mean annual incidence coefficients were: for the repeatedly occurring seizures (i.e.epilepsy)--21.2/100 thousand of the general population, including 25.3 for men and 17.5% for women; isolated seizures--8.0 and 10.1 and 6.1 respectively; febrile seizures (diagnosed in children aged up to 4 years)--12.9 and 15.6 and 10.4 respectively; in another 2.3 subjects per 100 thousand the reported seizures were suspected of being epilepsy. It may be stated, generally, that in each 100 thousand of the population 44 subjects require annually examination because of epileptic seizure of seizures (or a disease in which seizures were one of its signs). The incidence was higher in men than in women (54 and 36 respectively). Epilepsy incidence coefficients and similar coefficients of isolated seizures were low in the first two decades of life, rising then gradually to a maximal level at the age of 70 and more years (60,3/100 thousand). The aetiology of the disease was disclosed in 70% of cases: head trauma in 20%, chronic alcoholism in 16%, stroke in 12%, brain tumour in about 10%. These were the most frequent aetiological factors. During follow-up 31 patients died, mostly the cases of brain tumour (40%), stroke (29%) and intracranial haematomas (about 10%). EEG obtained shortly after the first seizure is of low prognostic value.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Laser-spectroscopic analysis of pseudocalcium deposits in Fahr's syndrome].

Laser spectrography was used for analysis of cations in vascular and tissue deposits in a case of Fahr's syndrome. The following cations were found: calcium, iron, silica, magnesium, aluminium, copper, zinc, phosphorus. In the tissue outside the deposits only magnesium, iron and aluminum were found, and the degree of blackening of spectral lines was much weaker. The authors think that these observations could contribute to a better knowledge of the aetiology and pathogenesis of Fahr's syndrome.

Brain Chemistry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of Coretal Polfa (Oxprenolol) on parkinsonian tremor and benign essential tremor].

Coretal -- an agent blocking the beta-adrenergic receptors -- was given to 12 patients with Parkinson's syndrome with evident tremor and to 4 patients with benign essential tremor. In the group of Parkinson's syndrome the effectiveness of this treatment was evaluated by the blind method. The whole period of observation was 6 weeks, during 3 weeks the patients received Coretal 60-120 mg daily, during the next 3 weeks they were given placebo. The intensity of tremor was assessed by means of a scoring system. Improvement was achieved in 7 patients with Parkinson's syndrome and in 3 out of 4 cases of idiopathic tremor. Complete disappearance of tremor was never observed. Transient side effects were observed in 2 causes. The authors think that Coretal may be used with good result in treatment of parkinsonian tremor and benign essential tremor.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical electroencephalographic diagnosis of myoclonus in various types of epilepsy].

Twenty-six epileptics, 16 males and 10 females, with various types of myoclonia were studied. In all patients routine EEG, 24-hour EEG and/or Video-EEG, also with EMG recording were done. Combined detailed clinical-electrophysiological analysis was possible owing to the modern methods of diagnostic examinations and it enabled five epileptic syndromes to be isolated in this group, that is: childhood epilepsy with absence attacks (CAE), juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE), juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME), progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) and photogenic epilepsy. Clinical features of four types of myoclonia occurring in these cases are described in detail since they make possible differential diagnosis of epilepsy syndromes. This is important since the diagnostic and therapeutic methods differ in these cases, and similarly the prognosis varies in these epilepsy types. Stress is laid on juvenile myoclonic epilepsy which is as yet too rarely or erroneously diagnosed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Electrophysiologic methods in differential diagnosis of syncope].

The purpose of the study was the assessment of the diagnostic possibilities and usefulness of 24-hour cassette EEG/ECG recording in the differential diagnosis of short attacks of consciousness disturbances and/or syncopal states, and demonstration of interrelations between arrhythmias and seizures of cerebral origin. 24-EEG/ECG was obtained in 71 patients, including 34 with cardiological history who had above disturbances. Recording of 24-EEG/ECG made possible establishing of correct diagnosis in 15 cases (21.1%): in 1 case it was sinus arrest, in 14--epilepsy. In another 5 cases (7%) arrhythmia or conduction disturbances were found which could have been the case of their attacks, they all were patients with cardiological history. The analysis of EEG/ECG records of 47 epileptic seizures in 16 patients showed that in 11 of them (69%) the seizures were associated with sinus tachycardia without other arrhythmias. These results demonstrated the complex cause-effect relationship of cardiocerebral disorders in the aetiology of these states, and the usefulness of 24-EEG/ECG in their detection.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical assessment of therapeutic results of Ergolactyn (bromocriptine) in Parkinson's disease].

The effect of Ergolaktyna (bromocriptine) produced by Grodzisk Pharmaceutical Works POLFA on the intensity of parkinsonism manifestations was studied in 27 patients in four clinical centres. All patients had moderately advanced parkinsonism and prior to Ergolaktyna they received L-Dopa preparations which were also given concomitantly with that preparation. The final assessment was done after 4 months of treatment in 18 cases. A good effect of the drug was found in 55% of cases (reduction of the intensity of parkinsonian signs, increased fitness and life activity). Adverse effects developed in 4 cases and required drug withdrawal.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Epilepsy and self evaluation of health conditions in subjects with a history of severe head injury in childhood].

Follow-up study of 309 subjects were carried out. They gave a history of severe head trauma in childhood (with cerebral concussion or cranial fracture). The mean age of these subjects at the time of trauma was 6.3 years and at the time of examination -- 19.3 years, the mean duration of follow-up being about 13 years. The frequency of epilepsy in this group was 3.2/1000 before head trauma. In follow-up prevalence of epilepsy in this groups was 25.9/1000, and of suspected epilepsy prevalence was 13/1000. The prevalence of epilepsy in subjects after severe head trauma was three times the expected one (9/1000). The most frequent complaint in this group were headaches. They were twice as, frequent as in the general population at the same age. The proportion of subjects regarding their health state as poor was nearly twice as high as expected, and that of subjects regarding it as good was by one-third lower than expected. Despite these differences in self-evaluation of the health state and frequency of complaints it was found that a higher proportion of subjects in this group had not visited doctors in the year preceding the investigation than in the general population. This may indicate that many subjects in this group have lost motivation for treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The role of enzymatic systems in pathophysiology and pharmacotherapy of Parkinson's disease].

In the metabolism of one of the main CNS neurotransmitters dopamine very important roles are played by four enzymes: two synthetizing dopamine: TH and DDC, and two enzymes breaking down dopamine: MAO-B and COMT. In a short review the author discusses disturbances of these enzymatic systems in parkinsonism and therapeutic possibilities of using drugs stimulating or inhibiting the activity of these systems.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical-electrophysiological pattern of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy].

18 patients (9 females, 9 males) with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) were studied. Despite a fairly long duration of the disease (from 1 to 34 years--mean 9.5 years) the patients had not been properly diagnosed. In all cases routine serial EEG examinations, 24-hour EEG with Medilog System 9000, and polygraphic Video/EEG/EMG recording were done (Videometry Processor, Glonner). Typical attack triads occurred in 7 cases (39%), grand mal seizures and myoclonic attacks in 10 cases (56%), one patient had only myoclonic seizures. EEG demonstrated already in routine recording occurrence of seizure activity with spike/polyspike-slow wave 3-6 Hz complexes. 24-hour EEG made possible demonstration of these complexes in the remaining 4 cases. Seizure activity during clinical myoclonic seizures were recorded in 8 cases, and during absences in 2 cases. A valuable method was also Video/EEG/EMG recording which showed occurrence of both myoclonic seizures (in 5 cases) and absences (9 cases). Three patients with absences were not aware of their seizures. In 8 patients EEG findings demonstrated focal abnormalities which contributed to previous diagnostic errors. The described clinical and electrophysiological features met fully the diagnostic criteria of JME. In the Polish literature this is the first report on such a large groups of JME cases. Attention is called to diagnostic difficulties due to poor knowledge of this disease and its manifestations which leads to inaccurate history taking. Another cause is non-availability of full neurophysiological diagnostic facilities in many centers.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinical trial of the first Polish levodopa preparation in the treatment of Parkinsonian patients].

In three neurological centres the therapeutic effects and adverse effects were compared of two levodopa preparations combined with carbidopa (25/250): 1. A foreign drug widely prescribed in Poland, and 2. Its Polish analogue produced by Polfa Stargard Works. The drugs were given to 30 patients (in two matched groups) with Parkinson disease or syndrome during 6 weeks. The trial was completed by 28 patients (one patient dropped out from each group for reasons not directly connected with the treatment). The therapeutic results were assessed on the basis of effects obtained in the NUDS and NSP scales and by measuring of the "on" phase at the beginning and at the end of the trial. In every case the global assessment of patient's condition by the patient and by the doctor was considered. The analysis of the results showed no significant statistically differences between both drugs respect to antiparkinsonian action and incidence of adverse effects.

Antiparkinson Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Differential diagnosis in idiopathic generalized epilepsies with tonic-clonic seizures: assessment of the use of ambulatory EEG and video/EEG monitoring].

The value of long-term cassette EEG (24-EEG) and Video/EEG for differential diagnosis and classification of idiopathic epilepsies with generalised tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) was evaluated in twenty-eight patients. The analysis of clinical and EEG features allowed proper classification of epileptic syndrome in twenty-two (79%) patients. In twelve cases absences or myoclonic seizures appeared beside GTCS after 1-9 years from epilepsy onset (mean 3.3 yrs). EEG and clinical data allowed to classify epilepsy in nine (75%) of those patients: in six patients as juvenile absence epilepsy and in three as juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Sixteen patients suffered from GTCS only (mean duration of epilepsy 10.6 years); in thirteen of them (81%) the diagnosis of epilepsy with GTCS on awakening (AGM) could be established. 24-EEG and Video/EEG helped to demonstrate (a) interictal generalized spike/polyspike-wave discharges (SW/PSW) 3-6 Hz not present in routine EEG in 25% of patients, (b) typical circadian distribution of discharges in AGM patients and (c) absences and myoclonic seizures in 32% of patients. Slow spike-wave variants and focal changes in EEG which could suggest secondarily generalized GTCS were the main diagnostic problem.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Dopamine agonist in the treatment of Parkinson's disease].

In the review paper is discussed the group of dopamine agonists which act directly on the postsynaptic receptors in the striatum, and have been used since over 20 years in the treatment of various stages of Parkinson's disease. For practical reasons they are divided in the paper into three groups: drugs used formerly and now gradually withdrawn mainly because of various adverse effects, new drugs whose effectiveness and usefulness have not yet been confirmed clinically, and three drugs (bromocriptine, lisuride, pergolide) used fairly widely with clinically confirmed effectiveness. The mechanism of their action and clinical results are described.

Bromocriptine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Analysis of clinical and social features in a group of epileptics with frequent seizures].

A group of 50 epileptics (group C) with frequent seizures refractory to treatment was studied. The control group (R) comprised 50 cases with rare seizures. It was found that despite systematic treatment (with full therapeutic doses) and frequent changes of drugs the frequency of seizures was not reduced in group C. The analysis of clinical features of both groups showed that group C as compared with group R had more patients with temporal lobe seizures, neurological abnormalities, low intelligence quotient, changed background activity in EEG and longer duration of the disease. These data may suggest a greater number of cases with detectable organic brain lesions among patients with frequent seizures.

Adolescent↗