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Biomedical subjects

W Kaiser

Publications and source records attributed to W Kaiser.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

[Ars medica Anhaltina (II): Carl Ferdinand Graefe (1787-1840) and the Alexisbad spa].

In 1985 the spa Alexisbad in the Harz Mountains celebrated the 175th anniversary of its creation. Its establishment is to be seen in close connection with the activities of the subsequent Berlin professor in ordinary Carl Ferdinand Graefe (1787-1840) in Anhalt-Bernburg. The early development of the spa which for a certain time was fused with the Beringerbrunnen in Suderode is characterized by the activities of several engaged sanatory physicians whose spectre of task allows insights in the balneological organisation of the 19th century.

Germany↗
PubMed1986

[Ars medica Anhaltina: on the 225th anniversary of the death of Johann Theodor Eller (1689-1760)].

The 225th anniversary of Johann Theodor Eller's death in connection with the 275th anniversary of the foundation of the Berlin Charité gives occasion to bring back life and work of a physician who became active in determining the profile in several directions. To Eller's most important achievements in Berlin belong the Medicinal Edict of 1725 as well as the management of the citizens' hospital opened in 1727.

Berlin↗
PubMed1986

Magnetic resonance imaging of aneurysms and thrombi.

This is a report of the first systematic investigation of the qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of aneurysms in the regions of the left ventricle and thoracic and abdominal aorta plus proof of intracavitary thrombi in the heart and the aorta, as well as aneurysms in the superior and inferior vena cava. For diagnosis of the heart, ECG gating is an absolute necessity, but for the analysis of abdominal aortic aneurysms it only leads to a considerable improvement of the spatial resolution. For differential diagnosis of the blood flow and intracavitary clots in the heart and the aorta, use of a second or even multiple echoes is needed. Also, digital subtraction between the first and second echoes (magnetic resonance digital subtraction) can assist in assessing flow. When dissecting aortic aneurysm is suspected and in cases when risk of perforation of ventricular and aortic aneurysms is present. MR offers particular advantages, since it is noninvasive and few scans can provide all the information that is required.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[Nuclear resonance tomography of the breast--diagnosis, differential diagnosis, problems and solutions. I. Study procedures].

The experience gained from performing nuclear resonance tomography on the breast, using a special surface coil, is described. The technical problems, causes of artefacts and the advantages of tomography in three planes are discussed. The procedure is slow. Images obtained by various repetition and echo delay times in several planes are illustrated. Problems in quantifying T1 and T2 images and methods for improving the technique are described in detail. During the course of 85 examinations on 72 patients, it has been possible to achieve technical improvements.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1986

[Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography of the breast: diagnosis, differential diagnosis, problems and possible solutions. II: Diagnosis].

Eighty-five MR examinations were carried out on both breasts of 72 patients. A special surface coil was used. The results were compared with the findings of mammography and with the post-operative findings. There were 16 fibrocystic mastopathies, seven isolated cysts, 22 fibro-adenomas and 25 carcinomas. Differentiation between fibro-adenomas and carcinomas is only possible on the basis of morphological criteria. Cysts and fibrocystic mastopathies can be identified with certainty. Typical patterns of the various pathological conditions are described, but these will have to be confirmed by the study of a larger number of patients, in order to make them statistically significant. The advantage of MR consists in the simultaneous demonstration of the thoracic wall and the axilla.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1986

Clinical experiences in the treatment of neuroblastoma with 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine.

Treatment of neuroblastoma is an unsolved problem of pediatric oncology. In spite of highly intensified chemotherapy, the long-term survival rate of children with a metastatic neuroblastoma is below 10%. We therefore used 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) for the first time to treat children with a neuroblastoma in relapse or primary unresponsiveness to chemotherapy. We had previously demonstrated that MIBG is useful for the scintigraphic imaging of neuroblastoma lesions and had investigated the cytotoxicity and uptake of MIBG in various neuroblastoma cell lines. We treated 6 children with neuroblastoma in a total of 19 courses. Three of the children suffered from a relapse of neuroblastoma; 3 had never gained a remission. Four of the 6 children lost their bone pain and fever during the first 3 days. In 5 of the 6 children the solid tumor as well as the bone marrow infiltration responded to MIBG treatment, with responses ranging from transitory decrease of the tumor mass to complete disappearance of abdominal tumors. We also witnessed a stabilization of osteolytic lesions, a decrease in elevated serum catecholamines, and a decrease in bone marrow infiltration. Five of the 6 children died of tumor progression 55-249 days after the first MIBG treatment.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗
PubMed1986

[Not Available].

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Germany↗
PubMed1986

[Not Available].

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Germany↗
PubMed1986

[Not Available].

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Germany↗
PubMed1986

[Nuclear magnetic resonance tomography in childhood].

To our present knowledge, MR tomography is an imaging procedure with neither ionizing radiation nor invasiveness requiring in children a good preparation and sedation. Especially in the neuro-pediatric field, and in the diagnostics of diseases of the soft tissue the high sensitivity is just as it is of clinical significance in bone tumours and their differential diagnosis. Extensive clinical-empirical examinations are still required to learn about the specificity of the different diseases.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

[Medical education in the 18th century. On the 325th anniversary of the birth of Friedrich Hoffmann (1660-1742)].

The 325th anniversary of Friedrich Hoffmann's birthday gave rise to remind of the early high period of the Faculty of Medicine of Halle University. Several significant scientific achievements are connected with Hoffmann's name, but at the same time also the organisation of studies and examinations in Halle. The educational practices of his time were demonstrated with the help of preserved documentations.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed1985

[Landmarks in medico-scientific publishing during the 18th and the first half of the 19th centuries].

The history of the medical and natural scientific publications in the 18th and the first half of the 19th century shows several culmination points in Halle, which are connected with the names of outstanding physicians and their activities as editors. A remarkably good typographic trade gave the prerequisite for this development, in which prominent individual examples are particularly emphasized.

Germany↗
PubMed1985

[Praemii loco: the Halle promotion of Georg Forster (1754-1794) and his Halle circle of contacts].

The 200th anniversary of Georg Forster's (1754-1794) graduation in Halle gives rise to refer to the modalities and practices of academic and especially medical graduations in the 18th century. As to Georg Forster a graduation "praemii loco" is concerned in recognition of the excellent achievements in natural sciences of the scientist who took part in the second circumnavigation of the globe by Cook.

Education, Medical↗
PubMed1985

[Hospital organization in the early 18th century reflected in contemporary documentation. II. Task complex of the institutional physician of the Halle school complex "at the orphanage"].

The clinical treatment in the Halle hospitals of the early 18th century was embedded in a care treatment system issuing from criteria which seem to be very modern to us. The systematisation of the practices of admission as well as the connection of curative and preventive medicine is made clear on the basis of preserved documentations. For the sector of hospital medicine the Halle approach must be regarded as spade-work; it gave an instance which was followed with considerable lateness in other towns.

Child↗
PubMed1985

[Hospital organization in the early 18th century as reflected in a contemporary example. I. Hospital character in the Halle school complex "of the orphanage"].

The Halle hospitals of 1708 and 1722 standing at the beginning of a clinical form of treatment are the result of a farseeing individual planning. Architectural data, raising of funds and personal structure are demonstrated on the basis of the remaining documentations on the occasion of their establishment performed 275 years ago. The details described characterize a medical care system which still nowadays demands the respect of the modern lookers-on.

Germany↗
PubMed1985

[Medullary sponge kidney. Diagnosis and course in 12 cases].

12 adult patients with medullary sponge kidney (MSK), followed up for 1 to 14 years (mean 7 years) are presented. MSK was initially diagnosed in 4 cases. In 8 cases the initial diagnosis included pyelonephritis, nephrocalcinosis, and nephrolithiasis. Renal calculi (4 patients), urinary tract infection (8) and hematuria (5) were the most frequent symptoms. Renal tubular acidosis was documented in 2 patients and hypercalciuria without hyperparathyroidism in 2. Over the years renal calculi increased in size in 4 patients. Renal function was stable in 11. In one patient with associated, well controlled hypertension, serum creatinin rose from 141 to 298 mumol/l over 14 years.

Adult↗