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Biomedical subjects

W Kaiser

Publications and source records attributed to W Kaiser.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

[Results before and after introduction of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis in hip joint prostheses treatment of geriatric patients].

In a retrospective analysis the clinical history of 202 geriatric patients with vast morbidity who had received hip prosthesis were reviewed. The age of the patients at the time of operation was calculated to a mean of 82.9 years. Hundred and three cases who had underwent cefazolin application as an antibiotic prophylactic therapy were compared to 99 patients who had not received any antibiotics (control group). In comparison wound infections after surgery were less common among the cefazolin group (13.6%) than in the control group (26.3%). Additionally the incidences of reoperations, decubital ulcers and urinary tract infections were statistically significant lower in the cefazolin group as well.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Experimental studies of the load capacity of DHS osteosyntheses after various kinds of osteotomy in the area of the femoral trochanter].

Standardized osteotomies were performed to mimic fractures classified as (a) stable, (b) partly unstable and (c) complete unstable (according to Evans) in 32 postmortem femoral bones. The stability of all preparations was examined after the performance of an osteosynthesis with a dynamic hip screw. Cycled loadings were increased stepwise every 500 N to the maximum loading capacity (load of fracture). In addition, the distortion at 2000 N was measured. There were no statistically significant differences between the three groups (a), (b), and (c). The average maximum load capacity was significantly lower in group (c) than in groups (a) and (b). Nevertheless, the lowest value (2275 N) recorded for the maximum loading capacity in our study means that in a normal weight person full weight-bearing can be allowed postoperatively.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Malabsorption associated with a high-grade-malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, alpha-heavy-chain disease and immunoproliferative small intestinal disease.

We report on a 28 year old Turkish woman, who was admitted to our hospital with the symptoms of malabsorption and protein-loosing enteropathy. Histologically, on duodenal biopsy, a lymphoplasmacellular infiltration of the submucosa with partial to subtotal atrophy of the villi was found. An immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID) was diagnosed. A short remission whilst on a glutenfree diet and tetracycline therapy, was followed by a laparatomy because of ileus in the small intestine. A high-grade-malignant Non-Hodgkin's Lymphome of B-cell type with intracellular production of alpha-Heavy-Chains (AHCD) was diagnosed histologically. Following chemotherapy with CEOP-IMVP-Dexa (Cyclophosphamide, Epidoxorubicin, Vincristine, Prednisolone, Ifosfamide, VP-16, Dexamethason, Methotrexat) the patient is still in complete remission three years after starting the therapy. We discuss here a case of AHCD in IPSID, the differential diagnosis of protein losing enteropathy and malabsorption, and we also present conservative (diet, medical treatment) and operative therapies.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Abnormal increases in urinary albumin excretion during pregnancy in IDDM women with pre-existing microalbuminuria.

We compared urinary albumin excretion during and after pregnancy in 30 insulin-dependent diabetic (IDDM) women with normoalbuminuria and in 12 IDDM women with microalbuminuria (> 15 micrograms.min-1) prior to conception. There was a 6.7-fold increase in the urinary albumin excretion up until the third trimester in the women with pre-existing microalbuminuria, compared with a 3.8-fold increase in the normoalbuminuric women. In both groups of patients the urinary albumin excretion reached a peak during the third trimester with 492 +/- 404 micrograms.min-1 in the microalbuminuric women vs 43 +/- 36 micrograms.min-1 in the normoalbuminuric women (p < 0.0005). Two women from each of the groups developed eclampsia with diastolic blood pressure over 90 mm Hg, mild or moderate oedema and macroproteinuria. Four of the pregnant women with pre-existing microalbuminuria showed a transient nephrotic syndrome (33.3%) with protein excretion over 3 g in 24-h urine samples during the third trimester. In contrast, this was not observed in any of the normoalbuminuric women (p < 0.05). Within 12 weeks after delivery the urinary albumin excretion rates dropped to the pre-conception values in both patient groups. Renal function remained normal during pregnancy in both of the groups, with a physiological increase in creatinine clearance up until the third trimester (26% increase in the normoalbuminuric women vs 22% in the microalbuminuric women). In conclusion, the effect of pregnancy on the urinary albumin excretion in diabetic women with pre-existing microalbuminuria is an exaggeration of the increase of albuminuria in diabetic women with normoalbuminuria; normalization occurs within 12 weeks after delivery in all cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[The clinical course of surgically managed para-articular femoral fractures in geriatric surgery].

246 patients (average 82.4 years) with proximal femur fractures treated with bipolar endoprosthesis, sliding lag screw or Ender nailing, related to the fracture type were analysed in a retrospective study. Pre-existing diseases, duration of operation, postoperative complications, transfusions, hospital stay, mobility achieved and mortality were noted. In result we found a high multimorbidity related to the age, the highest requirement of transfusions in patients undergoing Ender nailing, a long period to achieve postoperative mobility, a long hospital stay and increasing mortality with average age and average hospital stay.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

[The color-coded duplex sonography and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance tomography of scintigraphically cold thyroid nodules].

In order to establish diagnostic criteria, colour-coded duplex sonography was performed on 40 patients who had a total of 43 operatively confirmed thyroid lesions which were scintigraphically "cold" (28 adenomas, 8 carcinomas, 4 cases of thyroiditis and 3 cysts). 32 of these patients also had MRT with T2- and T1-weighted images before and after injection of Gd-DTPA (0.1 mmol/kg). Adenomatous nodules and adenomas showed a peripheral vascular halo on colour-coded duplex sonography with a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 93%. Malignant lesions showed marked central vascularisation and on B-images irregular marginal structures. Adenomas and adenomatous nodules showed hyperintense areas on T1-weighted unenhanced MR images and/or homogeneous uptake in the lesion (sensitivity 100%, specificity 77%). Malignant lesions typically showed an irregular margin with increased contrast uptake on MRT. If sonography and colour-coded duplex sonography is unable to classify a lesion with any degree of assurance then MRT with Gd-DTPA enhancement should be performed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Not Available].

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Germany↗
PubMed1994

[Not Available].

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Germany↗
PubMed1994

Myocardial perfusion and left ventricular function early after successful PTCA in 1-vessel coronary artery disease.

Myocardial perfusion (201TI-ECT) and contractile function (99mTc-ventriculography) were studied during exercise and rest 3 to 6 days after PTCA in 20 patients (11 with stable and 9 with unstable angina pectoris). All patients had single vessel disease and no previous myocardial infarction. During exercise after PTCA the ejection fraction increased for 3 to 5% and no regional wall motion abnormalities, ST-segment depression or perfusion defects occurred (with exception in one patient with very early restenosis). Therefore, perfusion and wall motion were completely normalized at rest and during exercise within days after technically successful PTCA even in patients with previously unstable angina pectoris. Pathological stress test results after this time should thus be attributed to other causes e.g. early restenosis, multivessel disease, false positive tests) and are not due to the specific situation early after PTCA.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The accessory bacteriochlorophyll: a real electron carrier in primary photosynthesis.

The primary electron transfer in reaction centers of Rhodobacter sphaeroides is studied by subpicosecond absorption spectroscopy with polarized light in the spectral range of 920-1040 nm. Here the bacteriochlorophyll anion radical has an absorption band while the other pigments of the reaction center have vanishing ground-state absorption. The transient absorption data exhibit a pronounced 0.9-ps kinetic component which shows a strong dichroism. Evaluation of the data yields an angle between the transition moments of the special pair and the species related with the 0.9-ps kinetic component of 26 +/- 8 degrees. This angle compares favorably with the value of 29 degrees expected for the reduced accessory bacteriochlorophyll. Extensive transient absorbance data are fully consistent with a stepwise electron transfer via the accessory bacteriochlorophyll.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1993

[Chronic ethylene glycol poisoning].

Over a six-week period a 60-year-old patient had several unexplained intoxication-like episodes. He finally had severe abdominal cramps with changes in the level of consciousness and oligoanuric renal failure (creatinine 4.7 mg/dl). The history, marked metabolic acidosis (pH 7.15, HCO3- 2.2 mmol/l, pCO2 6.6 mmHg) as well as raised anion residue (43 mmol/l) and the presence of oxalates in urine suggested poisoning by ethylene glycol contained in antifreeze liquid. Intensive haemodialysis adequately eliminated ethylene glycol and its toxic metabolites (glycol aldehyde, glycolic acid). Renal function returned within 10 days, although the concentrating power of the kidney remained impaired for several weeks because of interstitial nephritis. The intoxication had been caused by a defective heating-pipe system from which the antifreeze had leaked into the hot-water boiler (the patient had habitually prepared hot drinks by using water from the hot-water tap). Gas chromatography demonstrated an ethylene glycol concentration of 21 g per litre of water.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1993

Electrophysiological and behavioral correlates of sleep in the blackbird (Turdus merula).

Sleep in five blackbirds was investigated by continuous 24-h recordings of EEG, EOG, EMG, HR, and behavior. Because these recordings were similar in many respects to those obtained previously in other species, it was possible to define the electrophysiological correlates of active wakefulness (AW), quiet wakefulness (QW), slow wave sleep (SWS), and paradoxical sleep (PS). The time spent in SWS and PS was 32.2% and 5.7% of the 24-h period, respectively. The amount of SWS decreased during the course of the dark period, whereas PS exhibited an increasing trend. In addition, SWS always preceded PS, as in mammals. Thus, homeotherms may share common mechanisms of sleep regulation. Blackbirds turned their heads so that their beaks pointed backwards only during darkness. This back posture was usually associated with sleep. Head nodding, which occurred only when the beak pointed forward, was observed during 13% of PS episodes. Eye closure was a reliable behavioral index of sleep. Detailed behavioral observations alone do not provide sufficient information for the accurate assessment of sleep stages in blackbirds.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Sulfate concentrations in Norway spruce needles in relation to atmospheric SO(2): a comparison of trees from various forests in Germany with trees fumigated with SO(2) in growth chambers.

Concentrations of inorganic sulfur, organic sulfur and water-soluble cations and anions were determined in needles of young Norway spruce trees (Picea abies L. (Karst.)) that had been fumigated in growth chambers for weeks or months with different concentrations of SO(2), SO(2) plus ozone, or SO(2) plus NO(2). Measurements were also made on needles from older trees growing in forests in various regions of Germany with different mean annual atmospheric SO(2) emissions. In the fumigated young trees, sulfate accumulation in the needles was a linear function of atmospheric SO(2) concentration. Little or no sulfur was incorporated into the organic sulfur fraction. The mean accumulation rate of sulfate in needles of fumigated trees was about 0.4 nmol g(dw) (-1) (nl l(-1))(-1) h(-1), which is very similar to the estimated rate of uptake of atmospheric SO(2) calculated from mean stomatal conductances (15 mmol m(-2) s(-1)) and the external SO(2) concentration (the calculated rate of uptake was 0.37 nmol g(dw) (-1) (nl l(-1))(-1) h(-1)). Concentrations of organic acids and other inorganic ions did not change much in response to SO(2) fumigation. In needles collected from trees in south and southeast Germany, large differences in sulfate concentrations were observed that probably reflect SO(2) emissions in the different regions. The highest foliar sulfate concentrations, and the highest annual increase in sulfate concentration with needle age were observed in material collected from the heavily polluted Erzgebirge (up to 12 micro mol g(dw) (-1) year(-1)), followed by material from the Fichtelgebirge (up to 6 micro mol g(dw) (-1) year(-1)). If it is assumed that this annual increase is the result of uptake of SO(2) from the atmosphere, mean annual atmospheric SO(2) concentrations can be calculated. The calculated values were somewhat below the measured values in the Fichtelgebirge and in the heavily polluted Erzgebirge. Norway spruce trees can cope with high concentrations of atmospheric SO(2), provided that they can neutralize the sulfuric acid formed from SO(2). It appears that, in the field, the acid load is decreased by H(+) translocation to the roots and subsequent H(+)/K(+) exchange. However, this may be a very slow process, because it was not observed in the short-term fumigation experiments.

Journal Article↗