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Biomedical subjects

W Jeske

Publications and source records attributed to W Jeske.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The effect of naloxone on ATCH and beta-endorphin in patients with Cushing's disease.

Endogenous opiates may be important in the control of ACTH secretion in men. The effect of opiate receptor blockade by naloxone on ACTH, beta-endorphin-like substance and cortisol release was studied in healthy women and in 9 patients with Cushing's disease. In the healthy subjects, ACTH, beta-endorphin and cortisol levels were increased in response to naloxone. However, in 3 our of the 9 patients with Cushing's disease, a paradoxical decrease in serum ACTH, cortisol and beta-endorphin concentrations was observed after naloxone administration. In the patients with a paradoxical response to naloxone, transsphenoidal microadenomectomy was ineffective.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1985

Results of neurosurgical treatment by a transsphenoidal approach in 10 patients with Nelson's syndrome.

Ten patients with Nelson's syndrome, nine women and one man, aged 22 to 61 years, were treated neurosurgically by a transsphenoidal approach. In four patients, microadenomas were found, ranging in diameter from 4 to 10 mm. Microscopically, mixed adenoma was diagnosed in six cases, basophilic adenoma in three patients, and chromophobe adenoma in one patient. The presence of argyrophilic nerve fibers in the adenoma tissue was noted in one case. The time of observation after transsphenoidal surgery ranged from 6 months to 10 years. Clinical remission was achieved in eight patients; in two of them, radiation therapy was used to complement surgical treatment. In two patients, recurrence of the pituitary neoplasm was observed; anaplasia was revealed at the second operation in one of them. Radiation therapy might be a useful adjunct to neurosurgery in Nelson's syndrome, especially in patients with anaplastic adenoma.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

TRH-induced growth hormone release in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Growth hormone (GH) response was studied in 8 insulin-dependent and 7 non-insulin-dependent diabetics after stimulation with L-Dopa (500 mg orally) and TRH (0.2 mg iv.). L-Dopa induced a clear GH response in insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) and in the control group while in non-insulin-dependent diabetes (NIDDM) peak GH levels were lower (P less than 0.05) and 4 of 7 subjects failed to respond to L-Dopa stimulation. TRH had no effect on GH levels in NIDDM and in the controls. Insulin-dependent diabetics responded to TRH stimulation and GH levels at 20 and 30 min were significantly higher as compared with NIDDM and the control group. The degree of hyperglycemia seemed not to influence GH response. The highest GH levels were noted in two patients with proliferative retinopathy. It is suggested that TRH-induced GH release may be a characteristic feature in some patients with IDDM.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

The role of endogenous opiates in the mechanism of inhibited luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion in women with anorexia nervosa: the effect of naloxone on LH, follicle-stimulating hormone, prolactin, and beta-endorphin secretion.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of endogenous opiates in the mechanism of decreased LH secretion in women with anorexia nervosa. For this purpose the effect of opiate receptor blockade with naloxone on LH, FSH, PRL, and beta-endorphins secretion was studied in 24 women with anorexia nervosa and 7 normal women. Serum LH, FSH, PRL, beta-endorphin-like substance, ACTH, and cortisol concentrations were measured before and after opiate receptor blockade after a single iv dose of 0.2 mg/kg naloxone or saline. Mean serum LH and FSH concentrations increased significantly after naloxone in the normal women. Eleven patients had a significant increase in serum LH concentrations in response to naloxone and 13 did not respond to naloxone with an increase in LH concentration. In the first group the basal LH values were higher than those in the second group. In the majority of patients in the first group amenorrhea preceded the wt loss, whereas in most patients in the second group amenorrhea appeared during the phase of wt loss. Naloxone did not alter pulsatile LH secretion in 6 women. No effect of naloxone on serum FSH and PRL concentrations was found. A significant increase in beta-endorphin-like substance levels after naloxone administration occurred in patients with anorexia nervosa. However, serum ACTH and cortisol concentrations were not altered in response to naloxone. In conclusion, the increase in LH release after opiate receptor blockade by naloxone suggests that endogenous opiates may play a role in the mechanism of inhibited LH secretion at least, in the majority of those women with anorexia nervosa in whom amenorrhea preceded wt loss. The results also point to a different mechanism of ACTH and beta-endorphin secretion in patients with anorexia nervosa.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

The effect of D-Trp6-LRH upon secretion of gonadotrophin--a possible therapeutic application in anorexia nervosa.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the agonistic LRH analogue (D-Trp6-LRH) on LH, FSH and prolactin secretion, and its possible efficacy in female patients with anorexia nervosa. The study included 18 female patients with anorexia nervosa and 7 healthy women in the same age group. The patients with anorexia nervosa were divided into two groups of 9 women each. The first group consisted of patients in the weight loss phase of the disorder and the second of 9 women who had achieved normal body weight. Additionally, in 6 women with anorexia nervosa serum LH concentration was determined in response to native LRH before and 14 days after the treatment with D-Trp6-LRH. Serum LH, FSH, prolactin concentrations were determined before and 5, 10, 24 and 48 h after administration of D-Trp6-LRH in a dose of 5 micrograms. The serum LH response to D-Trp6-LRH in the second group did not differ from that of the control group. However, in women with anorexia nervosa in the weight loss phase, LH release in response to administration of the analogue was significantly lower. FSH release after LRH analogue administration in both groups of patients with anorexia nervosa did not differ from that in the control group. The increased LH secretion in response to native LRH after treatment indicates that D-Trp6-LRH in low doses did not inhibit pituitary responsiveness. A dose of 5 micrograms of D-Trp6-LRH was administered in a therapeutic regimen every 48 h from 1 to 3 months to 7 of 9 patients with anorexia nervosa who exhibited amenorrhoea in spite of normalization of body weight.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Nelson's syndrome: incidence and prognosis.

Fifty patients bilaterally adrenalectomized for Cushing's disease were followed for 1 to 22 (mean, 12) years. In 14 of them (28%) Nelson's syndrome appeared within 1.5 to 12 (mean, 4.8) years after adrenalectomy. All the patients were deeply pigmented, 12 had a radiologically demonstrable tumour and six had visual defects. Plasma ACTH levels ranged from 450 to 8000 ng/l. However in every case at least one estimation during circadian studies equalled 2000 ng/l. One patient with an anaplastic pituitary tumour died 3 years after the discovery of the tumour. Anaplasia was also diagnosed in another patient with recurrence of pituitary tumour after a transsphenoidal operation. Symptoms of tumour infarction occurred in two patients, followed by clinical remission of Nelson's syndrome. In the majority of cases the course was benign. We conclude that all cases, however, should be followed indefinitely because Nelson's tumours are not infrequently aggressive.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

Enhanced serum prolactin concentration after metoclopramide stimulation in idiopathic oligozoospermia and azoospermia.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the hormonal pattern in men with idiopathic oligozoospermia and azoospermia. Material consisted of 13 sterile men, 21-34 years old (the mean - 27 years). Three of 13 patients had the third degree oligozoospermia, 3 - extreme oligozoospermia and 7 - azoospermia. The control group consisted of 11 healthy men who were found to have normozoospermia. In all patients and in control subjects the estimation of LH, FSH, prolactin (PRL), testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in basal conditions and also PRL determination at 15, 30, 60 min after stimulation with metoclopramide (MCP 10 mg i.v.) were performed by radioimmunoassay. The results indicate that men with idiopathic oligo- or azoospermia have significantly higher prolactin level in response to dopaminergic receptor blockade with metoclopramide and significantly lower serum testosterone and DHT concentrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Increased secretion of prolactin after inhibition of dopaminergic receptors by metoclopramide in patients with cancer of the prostate].

The authors begin by stressing the importance of the role of prolactin in the metabolism of testosterone in the cells of the prostate. They studied three groups of patients: 9 patients with prostatic cancer, 15 patients with benign prostatic adenoma and 11 healthy young men. Inhibition of the dopaminergic receptors by metoclopramide only resulted in a significant increase in serum prolactin in the patients with prostatic cancer, while the serum prolactin level remained unchanged in the young men and in the patients with prostatic adenoma. The authors believe that this increased secretion of prolactin in patients with prostatic cancer is related to a decrease in the testosterone: oestradiol ratio. They suggest the use of bromocriptine in patients with prostatic cancer no longer responding to oestrogen therapy in the event of prolactin over-secretion. Some papers have reported the beneficial effect of bromocriptine on the general health of these patients.

Adult↗