The formation of provirus is an important early event in the life cycle of a retrovirus. We describe a system using PCR for the analysis of this process in primary human macrophages infected in vitro with HIV. We show that products of the first template switch can be detected within 8 h after infection at low multiplicity. The methods described provide a rapid assay of infection with HIV and can be applied in the investigation of a number of aspects of HIV replication in macrophages.

Base Sequence↗

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Recent secular changes in triplet rates.

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Australia↗

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A tradition in "the dual role". A century of service in the Medical Corps.

Volunteer service in the Royal Australian Army Medical Corps has always been a strong tradition among Australian soldiers--a "worthy tradition" in the words of the Australian historian of military medicine, Colonel A.G. Butler. Outstanding even against this background has been the unique contribution of four doctor-soldiers, in three generations of the Marks family from Queensland. Serving in the Queensland Defence Force before Federation, the Australian Army Medical Corps, and the Royal Australian Army Medical Corps, this family group rendered a total of 115 years of service in the sphere of military medicine, in peace and war. This account documents some of the medical service in the Army of the Honourable Dr Charles Ferdinand Marks (senior); Dr (Colonel) Alexander Hammett Marks; Dr (Major) Edward Oswald Marks; and Dr (Colonel) Charles Ferdinand Marks (junior).

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