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Biomedical subjects

W Hosemann

Publications and source records attributed to W Hosemann.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

[Experimental studies of wound healing in the paranasal sinuses. I. A model of respiratory wounds in the rabbit maxillary sinus].

We present an animal model in rabbits for the investigation of normal wound healing in the paranasal sinuses. The blood and lymphatic stream and the mucociliary pathways are demonstrated on the medial maxillary sinus wall to study the influence on wound geometry. Standardized and circular wounds are created in the same area exposing the underlying bone of the maxillary sinus. Using a computer aided system for 3-D-reconstruction, it can be shown that respiratory wound closure is independent of the stream of blood, lymph or mucus. The circular wound diminishes in size concentrically. The standardized wound model may be suitable for comparison of different therapeutic methods of wound care.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Experimental studies of wound healing in the paranasal sinuses. II. Spontaneous wound healing and drug effects in a standardized wound model].

A model of wound healing in the maxillary antrum of the rabbit was developed. The regeneration of standardized circular mucosal defects 4 mm in diameter was studied using conventional histology and serial sections as well as three-dimensional histomorphological analysis. Wound closure started by migration of epithelium; 24 h later mitoses were seen. 120 h after creation of the wound the granulation tissue covering the wound surface started to become hyperplastic, and bone apposition with formation of osteoid occurred. Systemic application of prednisolone i.m. (2 mg/kg per day) and topical administration of dexpanthenol-ointment (5%) resulted in an acceleration of the late epithelial wound closure together with a reduction of hyperplastic granulation tissue. Epidermal growth factor, applied locally, had no significant effect. The proposed animal model permits additional quantitative evaluation of postoperative treatment modalities.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1991

[Experimental studies of wound healing in the paranasal sinuses. III. Endoscopy and histology of the surgical area after endonasal ethmoidectomy].

Twenty two patients underwent standardized endoscopic follow-up for a period 3 months after a partial or complete intranasal ethmoidectomy. 370 endoscopic photographs were taken from the healing ethmoidal wound. After precise documentation of the site of removal, 157 biopsies of the regenerating mucosa were made. The endoscopic appearance of the wound was compared with the histological structure. Endoscopy showed that the process of wound healing of the respiratory mucosa could be subdivided into 4 phases: 1. Hemorrhagic crusting lasting up to 10 days 2. Obstructive lymphatic edema lasting up to 30 days 3. Mesenchymal tissue reaction lasting up to 3 months 4. Scar formation beginning after 3 months. The subdivision of wound healing phases enables the endoscopist to recognize retardation of healing and may lead to a staging of the postoperative therapeutic regime.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Surgical reneurotization of the tongue after unilateral paralysis of the hypoglossal nerve.

Hemiglossal paralysis due to lesions of the peripheral hypoglossal nerve leads to marked muscle atrophy with disturbed functioning in a minority of cases. Reinnervation from the unparalyzed, contralateral side may then be desired. In animal experiments on cats, a Z-plasty of the midportion of the tongue was carried out by transposing a portion of the normal tongue musculature into the opposite side following denervation 1 month previously by resection of the hypoglossal nerve. Electromyography was performed 13 months later. The tongue was then examined histochemically in serial sections in search of the motor endplates together with the nerves fibers. However, there was no evidence for reinnervation in the specimens examined. Signs of successful "reanimation" of the tongue by Z-plasty may be caused by mechanical synkinesia due to scar formation rather than by actual reneurotization.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The effect of endonasal paranasal sinus surgery on lung function of patients with bronchial asthma].

Lung function tests of 13 patients suffering from manifest asthma and of 4 patients showing only bronchial hyperreactivity were performed before and on an average of 12 months after endonasal surgery of the paranasal sinuses. In the four subjects, bronchial hyperreactivity was no longer detectable postoperatively by provocation with carbachol. Five asthmatics could stop medication of 1 to 3 of their drugs, five others were able to reduce the dosage of one of their drugs to 50% or more. Lung function and medication was unchanged in two asthmatic patients, one patient had to add a drug to his medication while showing an unchanged lung function. In patients with asthma and chronic paranasal sinusitis, endoscopic endonasal sinus surgery (together with flanking measures, e.g. septal correction) is able to improve antiasthmatic therapy in a high percentage.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical and functional aspects of endonasal operation of the maxillary sinuses].

A total of 118 detailed questionnaires sent out to patients 3-5 years after endoscopic endonasal maxillary sinus surgery were evaluated. Forty-four patients (37.3%) were re-examined endoscopically. The procedure involves no complications, and 87% of the patients judged the endoscopic treatment of chronic maxillary sinusitis to have been successful. Supraturbinal antral windows remained patent, and a higher percentage were functionally intact compared with infraturbinal ones. The mucociliary pathways of the maxillary sinus via the antral window were restored postoperatively.

Ciliary Motility Disorders↗
PubMed1989

Microsurgical treatment of recurrent nasal polyposis.

Nasal polyposis has to be considered as an advanced form of chronic ethmoiditis requiring surgery. Its proliferation starts in the osteo-meatal complex of the lateral nasal wall, and follows typical routes. Depending on its extension endoscopical partial resections of the ethmoid may be carried out. For diffuse polyposis of all sinuses a complete endonasal ethmoidectomy together with the fenestration of the frontal, sphenoidal and maxillary sinuses (pansinus operation) is indicated. The importance of preoperative imaging by CT or polytomography, and of flanking measures, is stressed. Fair results concerning subjective relief and objective proof of lasting mucosal recovery are reported against the background of a low incidence of surgical complications.

Endoscopy↗
PubMed1988

Measuring the size of nasal septal perforations. A simple radiological method.

A simple method of preoperative documentation of nasal septal defects is described. The borders of the defect and the surrounding regions of the nasal septum are marked with an X-ray contrast medium and a lateral radiogram is performed. The perforation is outlined and the image allows evaluation of the size, shape and location of the septal defect. Some clinical examples are presented.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1988

[Results of endonasal ethmoid bone operations in diffuse hyperplastic chronic paranasal sinusitis].

Endonasal endoscopic surgery of the paranasal sinuses for chronic sinusitis has been accepted as the treatment of choice by many authors, but detailed evaluation of the results is often lacking. Of a consecutive series of 220 patients with diffuse chronic paranasal polyposis who had undergone endoscopic pan-sinus operations, 90 were re-examined endoscopically after 1-7 years. Normal respiratory mucosa was found in 57% of cases and minor circumscribed mucosal hyperplasia in a further 25%. Unsatisfactory healing or recurrence of polypi was found in 18%. A questionnaire completed by all 220 patients showed that 49% were completely relieved, 33% reported a marked improvement, 12% remained unchanged, and 6% claimed a deterioration. Of those patients with polyposis and bronchial asthma, 57% achieved marked relief. The very low incidence of surgical complications after complete endoscopic ethmoidectomy should be emphasized.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Are lateral neck cysts true derivatives of cervical lymph nodes?].

For decades the origin of the branchial cyst has been attributed to an abnormal involution of derivatives of the second branchial cleft. More recently the cyst has been thought to be the result of tonsillitis and lymphadenitis, stimulating a lymphatic spread of squamous epithelium from the tonsil to the regional lymph nodes. We reviewed the histopathologic reports of 81 branchial cysts and 19 fistulas and re-examined 30 cysts and 5 fistulas by light microscopy. Similarities of morphological features between the epithelium of tonsillar crypts and of the branchial cysts were striking and emphasize the close relationship of the tonsils (2nd branchial pouch) to branchial cysts and fistulas. These observations and a review of the literature support the well-known branchiogenic origin of branchial cysts.

Branchial Region↗
PubMed1987

In vitro histamine release from nasal mucosa upon bacterial antigens.

Polyposis of the nose has been discussed as to be caused by hypersensitivity. Therefore, in vitro histamine release from nasal mucosa upon different bacterial and synthetic antigens was measured using a radioenzymatic assay. Also anti-human IgE mediated and basic release from specimens were determined. In total, 12 patients with polyposis and 21 patients with septal deviation or conchal hyperplasia were tested. Histamine release was significantly increased upon anti-IgE in polyposis only. The incubation of mucosal biopsies with the antigens on the average caused a slight elevation of histamine release in the same group. In contrast, specimens of patients with other diseases did not respond to anti-IgE or bacterial antigens. The specific increase of histamine-release from polyps after challenge with anti-IgE and similar spontaneous release in all tested individuals indicate a different pattern of mucosal reactivity in patients suffering from nasal polyposis.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1985

[Local differences in the tissue picture of chronic hyperplastic paranasal sinus mucosa].

Five standardised mucosal biopsies were taken on each side during endoscopic sinus surgery from twenty-two patients with severe hyperplastic paranasal sinusitis. The different samples from the ethmoidal and maxillary sinus mucosa were compared with regard to the uniformity of histological changes. Each histological component of the sinus mucosa was involved to a different extent in local pathological changes. These analyses support the view that the character of the chronic inflammatory process is influenced by local pathogenetic factors. Preoperative biopsies do not give information about the general condition of the sinus mucosa.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Intimal fibrosis of cerebellar arteries--a contribution to the pathogenesis of neurovascular syndromes].

Cross-compression of cranial nerves at the brain stem by an arterial loop appears to be responsible for several dysfunction syndromes like trigeminal neuralgia and hemifacial spasm. The pathogenesis of these syndromes still remains obscure; some authors call atherosclerosis of the cross-compressing vessel a local pathogenetic factor. Histological examination of the lower cerebellar arteries, obtained at autopsies of humans without cranial nerve dysfunction, was carried out. There was no evidence of significant atherosclerotic changes of distant cerebellar arteries even in places predisposing to intimal thickening by haemodynamic reasons. The adventitia and arachnoidea contributed 30% to the vessel wall and may be the substrate of the reported local vessel thickening in neurovascular compression syndromes.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Intraosseous angiography of bone tumours].

Primary bone tumours are comparatively rare lesions. The diagnosis of these bone tumours as well as of tumour-like lesions is supported particularly by radiological investigations on the one hand and by the histological analysis of the tissue on the other. In addition to the traditional methods of radiography, intraosseous vessels can be demonstrated in vivo by the new method of intraosseous angiography. Intraosseous angiography shows the actual size of the tumour which sometimes cannot be seen by normal X-ray-appearance including peripheral angiography. Furthermore by intraosseous angiography valuable informations may be obtained for differential diagnostic considerations. Both, peripheral and intraosseous angiography represent useful radiological methods for supplementary investigation of bone tumours.

Adolescent↗