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Biomedical subjects

W Heine

Publications and source records attributed to W Heine.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Varying utilization of glucose and sorbitol in drug-induced hypercortical metabolism].

Utilisation of glucose and sorbitol in medically induced hypercorticalic states was investigated by means of the steroid-glucose-tolerance-test (SGTT) in 9 children, aged 6-16 years suffering from obesity and prediabetes. Prednisolone (1 mg/kg up to 20 mg) was applied 9 and 3 h prior to the loading tests. Blood samples were taken 0, 2, 5, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 min after the onset of the loading tests. During the intravenous infusion of glucose (initial 0,33 g/kg followed by 12 mg/kg/min through 2 h) the mean blood glucose values increased from 103 +/- 15,5 to 388 +/- 96,6 mg/100 ml. Decrease of glycemia began delayed after 90 min, and did not approach the 180 min normal values in 3 of 9 patients. In analogous sorbitol-loading tests performed 2 to 6 days later blood glucose rose from 93 +/- 16,6 mg/100 ml to 129 +/- 28,7 mg/100 ml only. There was a significantly higher blood glucose level on SGTT as compared to steroid-sorbitol loading through the whole test period. Renal losses of glucose after SGTT as well as sorbitol losses after steroid-sorbitol loading amounted to approximately 14% of the doses supplied. The resulting data point to the advantages of combined glucose and non-glucose carbohydrate application for parenteral nutrition in medically induced and postoperative hypercorticalic states of metabolism.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Urea as a substrate for the intestinal flora of the infant (author's transl)].

The significance of the relatively high urea content of mothers milk for infant nutrition was investigated using 15N urea as a tracer by oral loading tests and an in-vitro culturing of bifidobacteria. The urea level of 6 mother's milk specimens was found to be 295 +/- 49 mg/l. There was a distinct incorporation of 15N into the intestinal bacterial fraction following 15N urea loadings in 3 infants, receiving mother's milk and 2 cows milk formulas which contained 1.8 and 2.1% of protein. The incorporation rate did not differ between the single types of feeding. In contrast to these findings the 15N incorporation into the bacterial flora of an infant suffering from kidney insufficiency was about 30 times higher than in healthy infants. Bifidobacteria infants derived from the feces of a breastfed infant utilised 15N from 15N urea added to the culture medium in concentrations of 20 mg per 100 ml. After incubating the culture for 2 days at 37 degrees C the 15N-excess of nitrogen fraction of the bifidobacteria amounted to 0.47 atom-%. Urea therefore can directly serve as a substrate for bifidobacteria on mother's milk feeding.

Breast Feeding↗
PubMed1981

[Kinetic tracer studies on protein synthesis during infancy using chemically defined diets containing 15N-lysine as a tracer (author's transl)].

A four-month-old infant with exocrine pancreas insufficiency was fed exclusively on a chemically defined diet. The amino acid formulation of this diet (a supplemented casein hydrolyzate) corresponds to that of breast milk. The 15N labeled lysine tracer (97.4 atom-%) was included in the diet without changing its chemical score. A trace dose of 2.22 mg/kg body weight was applied for 5 days after the infant had been maintained on a chemically defined diet for 11 weeks. Urine was collected over a period of 170 h. The compartment theory was used to calculate the following metabolic data. Cumulative renal 15N excretion showed that nitrogen retention was 90.8%. Protein synthesis amounted to 10.34 g kg-1 d-1 compared with a protein breakdown rate of 8.97 kg-1 d-1. Net protein gain in this infant was about 5.5 g d-1 corresponding to a rate of 1.38 kg-1 d-1 or 13.3% of the synthesis rate. The metabolic pool amounted to 4.96 g N kg-1 d-1. 75.99 mg N kg-1 h-1 was metabolized, mainly to protein, and only about 10% was excreted with the urine.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1981

[Cerebrospinal fluid protein levels and blood-cerebrospinal fluid ratio of glucose and electrolytes in infants and children].

The cell and protein content of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the CSF/serum ratio of glucose, sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphate and chloride were investigated in 71 children without cerebromeningeal illness and aged 0-4 weeks, 5-8 weeks, 3-6 months, 7-12 months, 1-6 years and 7-14 years. The protein content of the CSF was 730 +/- 146 (530-950) mg/l for the age group 0-4 weeks, and 530 +/- 221 (270-950) mg/l for the age group 5-8 weeks. It was significantly higher than for all subsequent age groups. The CSF glucose accounted for 68-82% of the blood glucose. The serum/CSF ratio for sodium ranged from 101 to 104%, for potassium from 55 to 64%, for calcium from 48 to 70%, for phosphate from 24-29%, and for chloride from 106 to 114%. The decrease in serum and CSF potassium and phosphate concentrations from infancy to school age was significant. The greatest difference was evident in the serum/CSF calcium ratio which was significantly higher in the age groups up to 8 weeks than in the subsequent age groups. The electrolyte concentration of CSF with elevated protein and cell values did not differ significantly from CSF of children without cerebromeningeal disorders.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Amino acid substitution with Infesol in chronically hemodialyzed children].

The L-amino acid solution Infesol and the DL-amino solution Alvesin-new were one after the other investigated for their ability as a substitution of losses of amino acids conditioned by dialysis in 4 children with chronic renal insufficiency. The permanent intravenous drip infusion of 200 ml Infesol during 2 hours after the end of the haemodialysis led to a slight increase of the serum amino acids, which had normalized in a control 12 hours after the beginning of the infusion. The mean value of urea in the serum had increased after 2 hours by 17.60, after 12 hours by 3.65 mg compared with the initial value after the dialysis. The analogous infusion of Alvesin-new led to an on an average higher increase of the serum amino acids in the same patients. In the control after 12 hours the methionine-isoleucine, phenylalanine and arginine values in the serum were still significantly increased compared with the Infesol series. At the same time the mean value of serum urea increased by 80.95 mg/100 ml after two hours. After 12 hours it had increased by 105.5 mg/100 ml compared with the initial value. Thus, the solution of L-amino acid infesol is suitable for the compensation of losses of amino acids conditioned by dialysis. However, its application is reserved for larger dietetically not compensable condition of the lack of amino acids and protein.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Differential therapy of parenteral and special feeding in intensive medicine].

After having overcome the acute danger to life by a directed infusion therapy as well as by medicamentous, physical and operative measures question of the long-term nutrition frequently come fully into the foreground in intensive medicine. For this purpose as modern methods are at our disposal parenteral nutrition with mixtures of amino acids, carbohydrates and fat emulsions, the feeding by a stomach tube with easily decomposable mixtures of proteins, carbohydrates and fat and the feeding by a stomach tube with chemically defined diets. When the adequate form of nutrition is chosen, depends on the indications and contraindications for the use of these nutrient solutions and on the adequate stage of the present basic disease. The optimum nutrition of the intensive therapy patients is an essential prerequisite for the prevention and overcoming of the severe secondary diseases, which frequently develop after emergency situation and destroy the success of the initial therapy.

Critical Care↗
PubMed1980

Studies on ethanol and oral contraceptives: feasibility of a hepatic-gonadal link.

Adult male and female rats were subjected to gonadectomy by means of surgical removal of the gonads. In the male, castration resulted in a significant decrease in both body and liver weights compared to intact controls, which persisted for at least 3 weeks. Conversely, ovariectomy was associated with a significant enhancement in both growth rate and liver weight from intact controls. Castration of male rats resulted in induction of hepatic L-ADH (cytosolic alcohol dehydrogenase) and L-ALDH (cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase) as contrasted with inhibition of mitochondrial ALDH which was evident in the enzyme with the apparent high Km. Kinetic studies indicate that there was an increase in apparent Km of L-ADH, and hence reduced affinity to hepatic metabolism of ethanol as a consequence of castration in the male rat. This is compared with few changes occurring in the apparent Km value of L-ALDH. Ovariectomy did not alter endogenous L-ADH or L-ALDH. Short-term administration of a synthetic estrogenic steroid ethinyl estradiol, inhibited liver mitochondrial ALDH in the intact female rat but not in the ovariectomized female. Short-term administration of the same dose of an androgen, testosterone, did not alter specific activities of the liver enzymes measured in the intact or in the castrated male rat. Administration of both components of OCs (oral contraceptives) combined or the estrogen alone in behavioral experiments profoundly reduced ethanol drinking by voluntary intake of diluted ethanol solution by the intact female rat. These results suggest a hepatic-gonadal link may exist and that a toxic interaction between the OCs and alcohol drinking is definitely possible.

Alcohol Drinking↗
PubMed1980

[Continuous intravenous infusion of insulin to girls with hereditary tall growth and secretion of human growth hormone, prior to and during Deposiston treatment (author's transl)].

Continuous intravenous insulin infusion tests, accompanied by growth hormone determination, were applied to 40 girls of tall growth whose final lengths were predicted to be in excess of 181 cm. The girls were aged between nine and half and 14 years and one month, all of them being in the premenarchic phase. The tests were conducted prior to and following at least one year of Deposiston therapy (oestrogen/gestagen). - Really effective inhibition of growth (7.4 +/- 0.6 cm) was obtained only from five girls, aged between nine years and ten months and eleven years, in whom basal secretion of HGH was lower with significance than that of the whole group, with their stimulation reaction being fully retained. Secretion of somatotropic hormone (STH) of the other girls remained unaffected, prior to and following treatment. The weekly oestrogen dose of 1 mg was relatively low, when compared to propositions made by other authors, but it seemed to be justified by the average reduction in expected final body length obtained for the probands reviewed (5.4 +/- 2.0 cm).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Preliminary testing of the contraceptive collagen sponge.

The results of 3 years of developing the collagen sponge as an intravaginal contraceptive are presented. Postcoital tests were used to evaluate the efficacy of the sponge as a mechanical barrier. Results with the collagen sponge alone were compared to those of the sponge with spermicidal cream or spermicidal solution (acid buffer and zinc) and of spermicidal cream alone. The presence of any motile spermatozoa in the cervical mucus was considered a failure of the barrier method. The collagen sponge alone or with acid and zinc and spermicidal cream alone had failure rates of 22, 20, and 14%, respectively, whereas the collagen sponge with spermicidal cream had a 6% failure rate. The authors conclude that the combination of a mechanical and a chemical barrier is a more effective contraceptive method than a mechanical barrier or chemical agent alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Adaption of protein in infant feeding].

A regarding its intestinal microecological action like human milk performed infant formula with a protein content of 1,6%, exclusively as casein, caused in nature born infants the same retention of nitrogen as human milk did. In prematures addition of cystine led to an increased retention. The serum level of urea and the pH of the feces were enhanced up to an undesirable degree when an analogous formula with 2,3% casein was applicated.

Caseins↗