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Biomedical subjects

W Haase

Publications and source records attributed to W Haase.

At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Bioavailability of metoclopramide with special reference to relevant literature data].

An intraindividual comparative study of the pharmacokinetic properties of metoclopramide, the active principle of Gastronerton, and metoclopramide of a reference drug after one single administration was carried out on 6 male healthy volunteers. Gastronerton was available as ampoules, tablets, solution and capsules; the reference drug as ampoules, tablets and solution (all of them as commercial products). The concentrations of metoclopramide in the serum were determined until 24 h after administration. As one of the persons dropped out another volunteer was included. There were 6 cases for the intraindividual comparison of the parenteral/enteral form except for the comparison of the tablets/ampoules of the reference drug. An open 2-compartment model was taken as a basis for the calculation of the serum concentration curves and the pharmacokinetic parameters. With regard to the maximum serum concentrations, the preparations differed only insignificantly. The bioavailability results were as follows: metoclopramide of Gastronerton tablets 80.3%, metoclopramide of the tablets of the reference drug 57.6%, Gastronerton solution 76.7%, solution of the reference drug 49.7%. The bioavailability of metoclopramide of Gastronerton capsules was 54.8%. The half-life values were between 2.8 and 8.3 h with a mean value of 5 h.

Biological Availability↗
PubMed1981

[Compliance in hypertensive patients and patients with cardiac insufficiency].

In the present study the compliance or drug-adherence of 83 patients with hypertension (n = 66), heart failure (n = 14) or edema of non-cardiac origin (n = 3) was investigated by the urine fluorescence method over an observation period of 17.8 +/- 15.1 weeks. Mean compliance rate of all patients was 79.7%. Individual drug-adherence ranged from 0 to 100%. Half of the patients (54.2%; n = 45) had positive urine samples in all investigations performed. A quarter (25.3%; n = 21) were compliant in over 50%, whereas in 14.5% (n = 12) the drug could be detected in the urine in only 10 to 50% of the tests and in 6% (n = 5) in less than 10%. The 17 symptomatic patients (patients with heart failure and/or edemas) showed a slightly better compliance (87.0%) than patients with hypertension, who had positive urine samples in 77.3 +/- 30.1% of tests. However, the difference observed was not statistically significant. During treatment a decrease in compliance from 82% at the first visit to 73% and 75% respectively at the second and third could be observed. Finally, at the fourth and fifth consultation only 62.2% and 56% respectively of the patients had positive urine samples. Our results show a good compliance rate in our patients as compared to American studies. During treatment a continuous decrease in compliance could be observed. Our results indicate that the duration of treatment seems to be an important determinant for the patient's drug-adherence. Therefore, it appears necessary to perform compliance-improving strategies as early as after the first follow-up visits.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Analysis of Ca2+ fluxes and Ca2+ pools in pancreatic acini.

45Ca2+ movements have been analysed in dispersed acini prepared from rat pancreas in a quasi-steady state for 45Ca2+. Carbamyl choline (carbachol; Cch) caused a quick 45Ca2+ release that was followed by a slower 45Ca2+ 'reuptake'. Subsequent addition of atropine resulted in a further transient increase in cellular 45Ca2+. The data suggest the presence of a Cch-sensitive 'trigger' pool, which could be refilled by the antagonist, and one or more intracellular 'storage' pools. Intracellular Ca2+ sequestration was studied in isolated acini pretreated with saponin to disrupt their plasma membranes. In the presence of 45Ca2+ (1 microM), addition of ATP at 5 mM caused a rapid increase in 45Ca2+ uptake exceeding the control by fivefold. Maximal ATP-promoted Ca2+ uptake was obtained at 10 microM Ca2+ (half-maximal at 0.32 microM Ca2+). In the presence of mitochondrial inhibitors it was 0.1 microM (half-maximal at 0.014 microM). 45Ca2+ release could still be induced by Cch but the subsequent reuptake was missing. The latter was restored by ATP and atropine caused further 45Ca2+ uptake. Electron microscopy showed electron-dense precipitates in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of saponin-treated cells in the presence of Ca2+, oxalate and ATP which were absent in intact cells or cells pretreated with A23187. The data suggest the presence of a plasma membrane-bound Cch-sensitive 'trigger' Ca2+ pool and ATP-dependent Ca2+ storage systems in mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum of pancreatic acini. It is assumed that Ca2+ is taken up into these pools after secretagogue-induced Ca2+ release.U

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1981

A high yield preparation for rat kidney brush border membranes. Different behaviour of lysosomal markers.

Rat kidney cortex slices were homogenized with a polytron in a isoosmotic medium containing 5 mmol/l EGTA. By two precipitations with MgCl2 (12 mmol/l) and differential centrifugation, brush border membranes were purified. The brush border marker enzymes alkaline phosphatase and aminopeptidase M were found to be enriched 17.0 +/- 5.3-fold and 16.7 +/- 3.7-fold, respectively. By this method, a high yield of brush border membranes was obtained (48.3 +/- 7.9% for alkaline phosphatase; 47.0 +/- 9.5% for aminopeptidase M). The acid phosphatase was enriched 5-fold, whereas other lysosomal enzymes (glucosaminidase, glucuronidase, cathepsin D) were enriched only 0.2-fold. Acid phosphatase activity could not be washed out, but could be separated from alkaline phosphatase and leucine aminopeptidase by means of free flow electrophoresis and sucrose density gradient centrifugation. Vesicles prepared by the presently described Mg/EGTA-method show better transport properties, compared to vesicles prepared by the calcium method of Evers et al. (Evers, C., Haase, W., Murer, H. and Kinne, R. (1978) Membrane Biochem. 1, 203-219), whereas by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, no differences in the protein patterns were observed.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

[Blood group, alcoholism and liver damage (author's transl)].

The distribution of blood group characteristics in the ABO system was examined in 339 alcoholics, men and women, who were subjected to laparoscopy and liver biopsy from 1973 to 1977. Compared with the normal distribution (Fischer) and an additional random sampling of 12 843 patients of all wards there was no statistically significant difference. More than chance interdependencies between the degree of liver damage and a blood group could also not be confirmed. There were no differences with regard to the Rh factor either.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1981

Lack of association between HLA specificities and Wilms' tumour.

HLA antigen distribution was determined in thirty patients with Wilms' tumour, and their frequencies compared with those of an ethnically matched control population. No statistically significant association was found between any single HLA antigen and Wilms' tumour disease. The value of prospective HLA typing studies, with special respect to genetic aspects, histopathological subgrouping and survival rate of Wilm's tumour patients is discussed.

Child↗
PubMed1981

[Retinoscopy under cycloplegic and non-cycloplegic conditions in children comparison of measurements of three examiners (author's transl)].

The refractive status of 100 eyes were measured by three ophthalmologists utilizing retinoscopy under non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic conditions. The statistical analysis of the results was done by multiple regression. The retinoscopic measurements of sphere and cylinder of the three examiners show smaller differences under cycloplegic than under non-cycloplegic conditions. The largest differences in the measurements of axis were found in cases of small cylinder power. Especially in children and in patients with strabismus, the authors feel that measurements of the refractive state have to be carried out under cycloplegia.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1981

Microtubules and microfilaments in HSV-Infected rabbit-kidney cells.

In rabbit kidney cells infected with strains of Herpes simplex virus producing either cell-rounding or polycaryocytosis. Vinblastine induced paracrystals. This could be shown by phase-contrast- and electron-microscopy. Infections were done under one-step-growth conditions or at low MOI. 90 per cent noninfected cells contained stress fibers as detected by Servablue R250-staining. Shortly after recruitment into polycaryocytes, stress fibres of normal length appearing in criss-cross arrangement can be seen in the periphery of these cells. Later they polymerize to very long fibers and finally they are partially destroyed. The time of destruction depends on the MOI employed. By using Actinomycin D and/or Cycloheximide as blocking agents, it could be shown that polymerization of microfilaments correlates in time with giant cell formation. In view of the fact that the virus synthesis is accompanied in parallel by a special rearrangement of microfilaments as well as polycaryocytosis, both these processes have to be considered as caused by early (and late ?) protein-synthesis (beta-/gamma-proteins) but not as induced by "very-early" proteins (alpha-proteins).

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Binocular sensory defects in intermittent divergent strabismus].

Intermittent divergent strabismus represents an entity in terms of motoric characteristics rather than in its sensorial basis. Separate investigations were carried out in two clinics on 156 patients. The results were evaluated together, the authors discussing each case. Only in 27 cases was the condition cured. The main group comprised 78 patients with subnormal binocular vision based on facultative microexotropia and instable/normal correspondence. Basic microexotropia with obligate ARC was found in 51 cases, i.e., more often than expected. Testing the stereo threshold proved to an inadequate criterion for cure.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Effect of La3+ on secretagogue-induced Ca2+ fluxes in rat isolated pancreatic acinar cells.

Addition of 0.1 mmol/l of La3+ to pancreatic acinar cells increased both the rate and extent of 45Ca+ uptake. Addition of 0.3 mmol/l La3+ did not change cellular 45Ca2+, whereas 1, 2, and 5 mmol/l gradually decreased it. If carbamylcholine (CCh) or the octapeptide of cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (CCK-OP) was added in the presence of low La3+ concentrations (0.1 and 0.3 mmol/l) to 45Ca2+-equilibrated cells, secretagogue-induced 45Ca2+ release-reuptake was not inhibited. At 1 and 2 mol/l of La3+, however, secretagogue-induced 45Ca2+ release was abolished, whereas uptake of 45Ca2+ was still increased by CCK-OP and CCh. At 5 mmol/l La3+, the effects of secretagogues were completely abolished. In the presence of 2 mmol/l La3+, the atropine-induced 45Ca2+ uptake in CCh-pretreated cells and the dibutyryl guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate-induced 45Ca2+ uptake in CCK-OP-pretreated cells were highly reduced. The data are interpreted to support our assumption that CCK-OP and CCh increase the plasma membrane permeability to Ca2+ in pancreatic acinar cells in addition to their action to initiate release of CA2+ from an intracellular Ca2+ trigger pool.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Sodium ion/L-lactate co-transport in rabbit small-intestinal brush-border-membrane vesicles.

Uptake of L-lactate into rabbit jejunal brush-border-membrane vesicles prepared by a Ca2+-precipitation procedure was studied by a rapid filtration technique with L-[14C]-lactate as tracer. Transport of L-lactate into an intravesicular (osmotically reactive) space could be established. An inwardly directed NaCl gradient (outside 21 mM/inside 0mM) stimulated the uptake of L-lactate at 15 s 2-4-fold compared with that observed with an equal KCl gradient. A transient accumulation of L-lactate inside the vesicles (overshoot) was observed in the presence of an NaCl gradient. Gradients of LiCl, RbCl, CsCl or choline chloride were not able to replace NaCl in the stimulation of L-lactate uptake. L-Lactate uptake was saturable only in the presence of Na+. D-Lactate, DL-thiolactate (2-DL-mercaptopropionate), pyruvate and propionate inhibited the Na+-stimulated L-lactate uptake; D-lactate, thiolactate and pyruvate provoked trans-stimulation of L-lactate uptake. Artificially imposed diffusion potentials (inside negative) did not exert any effect on the Na+-dependent L-lactate uptake. The results are consistent with the existence of an electroneutral Na+/L-lactate co-transport system in the brush border of rabbit small intestine.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A simple and fast method for the isolation of basolateral plasma membranes from rat small-intestinal epithelial cells.

A method was developed for the analytical and preparative isolation of basolateral plasma membranes from rat small intestine. They were separated on a self-orientating Percoll (modified colloidal silica) gradient starting with a heavy microsomal-membrane fraction and involving centrifugation at 48,000 g for 1 h. (Na+ + K+)-stimulated ATPase activity, used as a marker enzyme for the basolateral plasma membrane, is enriched 20-fold compared with that found in the homogenate of isolated intestinal epithelial cells.

Animals↗